ExtUtils::MM_Unix(3pm) Perl Programmers Reference Guide ExtUtils::MM_Unix(3pm)
NAME
ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
SYNOPSIS
"require ExtUtils::MM_Unix;"
DESCRIPTION
The methods provided by this package are designed to be used in conjunction with ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
When MakeMaker writes a Makefile, it creates one or more objects that inherit their methods from a
package "MM". MM itself doesn't provide any methods, but it ISA ExtUtils::MM_Unix class. The inheri-tance inheritance
tance tree of MM lets operating specific packages take the responsibility for all the methods pro-vided provided
vided by MM_Unix. We are trying to reduce the number of the necessary overrides by defining rather
primitive operations within ExtUtils::MM_Unix.
If you are going to write a platform specific MM package, please try to limit the necessary overrides
to primitive methods, and if it is not possible to do so, let's work out how to achieve that gain.
If you are overriding any of these methods in your Makefile.PL (in the MY class), please report that
to the makemaker mailing list. We are trying to minimize the necessary method overrides and switch to
data driven Makefile.PLs wherever possible. In the long run less methods will be overridable via the
MY class.
METHODS
The following description of methods is still under development. Please refer to the code for not
suitably documented sections and complain loudly to the makemaker@perl.org mailing list. Better yet,
provide a patch.
Not all of the methods below are overridable in a Makefile.PL. Overridable methods are marked as (o).
All methods are overridable by a platform specific MM_*.pm file.
Cross-platform methods are being moved into MM_Any. If you can't find something that used to be in
here, look in MM_Any.
Methods
os_flavor
Simply says that we're Unix.
c_o (o)
Defines the suffix rules to compile different flavors of C files to object files.
cflags (o)
Does very much the same as the cflags script in the perl distribution. It doesn't return the
whole compiler command line, but initializes all of its parts. The const_cccmd method then actu-ally actually
ally returns the definition of the CCCMD macro which uses these parts.
const_cccmd (o)
Returns the full compiler call for C programs and stores the definition in CONST_CCCMD.
const_config (o)
Defines a couple of constants in the Makefile that are imported from %Config.
const_loadlibs (o)
Defines EXTRALIBS, LDLOADLIBS, BSLOADLIBS, LD_RUN_PATH. See ExtUtils::Liblist for details.
constants (o)
my $make_frag = $mm->constants;
Prints out macros for lots of constants.
depend (o)
Same as macro for the depend attribute.
init_DEST
$mm->init_DEST
Defines the DESTDIR and DEST* variables paralleling the INSTALL*.
init_dist
$mm->init_dist;
Defines a lot of macros for distribution support.
macro description default
TAR tar command to use tar
TARFLAGS flags to pass to TAR cvf
ZIP zip command to use zip
ZIPFLAGS flags to pass to ZIP -r
COMPRESS compression command to gzip --best
use for tarfiles
SUFFIX suffix to put on .gz
compressed files
SHAR shar command to use shar
PREOP extra commands to run before
making the archive
POSTOP extra commands to run after
making the archive
TO_UNIX a command to convert linefeeds
to Unix style in your archive
CI command to checkin your ci -u
sources to version control
RCS_LABEL command to label your sources rcs -Nv$(VERSION_SYM): -q
just after CI is run
DIST_CP $how argument to manicopy() best
when the distdir is created
DIST_DEFAULT default target to use to tardist
create a distribution
DISTVNAME name of the resulting archive $(DISTNAME)-$(VERSION)
(minus suffixes)
dist (o)
my $dist_macros = $mm->dist(%overrides);
Generates a make fragment defining all the macros initialized in init_dist.
%overrides can be used to override any of the above.
dist_basics (o)
Defines the targets distclean, distcheck, skipcheck, manifest, veryclean.
dist_ci (o)
Defines a check in target for RCS.
dist_core (o)
my $dist_make_fragment = $MM->dist_core;
Puts the targets necessary for 'make dist' together into one make fragment.
dist_target
my $make_frag = $MM->dist_target;
Returns the 'dist' target to make an archive for distribution. This target simply checks to make
sure the Makefile is up-to-date and depends on $(DIST_DEFAULT).
tardist_target
my $make_frag = $MM->tardist_target;
Returns the 'tardist' target which is simply so 'make tardist' works. The real work is done by
the dynamically named tardistfile_target() method, tardist should have that as a dependency.
zipdist_target
my $make_frag = $MM->zipdist_target;
Returns the 'zipdist' target which is simply so 'make zipdist' works. The real work is done by
the dynamically named zipdistfile_target() method, zipdist should have that as a dependency.
tarfile_target
my $make_frag = $MM->tarfile_target;
The name of this target is the name of the tarball generated by tardist. This target does the
actual work of turning the distdir into a tarball.
zipfile_target
my $make_frag = $MM->zipfile_target;
The name of this target is the name of the zip file generated by zipdist. This target does the
actual work of turning the distdir into a zip file.
uutardist_target
my $make_frag = $MM->uutardist_target;
Converts the tarfile into a uuencoded file
shdist_target
my $make_frag = $MM->shdist_target;
Converts the distdir into a shell archive.
dlsyms (o)
Used by some OS' to define DL_FUNCS and DL_VARS and write the *.exp files.
Normally just returns an empty string.
dynamic_bs (o)
Defines targets for bootstrap files.
dynamic_lib (o)
Defines how to produce the *.so (or equivalent) files.
exescan
Deprecated method. Use libscan instead.
extliblist
Called by init_others, and calls ext ExtUtils::Liblist. See ExtUtils::Liblist for details.
find_perl
Finds the executables PERL and FULLPERL
fixin
$mm->fixin(@files);
Inserts the sharpbang or equivalent magic number to a set of @files.
force (o)
Writes an empty FORCE: target.
guess_name
Guess the name of this package by examining the working directory's name. MakeMaker calls this
only if the developer has not supplied a NAME attribute.
has_link_code
Returns true if C, XS, MYEXTLIB or similar objects exist within this object that need a compiler.
Does not descend into subdirectories as needs_linking() does.
init_dirscan
Scans the directory structure and initializes DIR, XS, XS_FILES, PM, C, C_FILES, O_FILES, H,
H_FILES, PL_FILES, MAN*PODS, EXE_FILES.
Called by init_main.
init_DIRFILESEP
Using / for Unix. Called by init_main.
init_main
Initializes AR, AR_STATIC_ARGS, BASEEXT, CONFIG, DISTNAME, DLBASE, EXE_EXT, FULLEXT, FULLPERL,
FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, INST_*, INSTALL*, INSTALLDIRS, LIB_EXT, LIBPERL_A, MAP_TARGET,
NAME, OBJ_EXT, PARENT_NAME, PERL, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_INC, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERLRUN, PERL-RUNINST, PERLRUNINST,
RUNINST, PREFIX, VERSION, VERSION_SYM, XS_VERSION.
init_others
Initializes EXTRALIBS, BSLOADLIBS, LDLOADLIBS, LIBS, LD_RUN_PATH, LD, OBJECT, BOOTDEP, PERL-MAINCC, PERLMAINCC,
MAINCC, LDFROM, LINKTYPE, SHELL, NOOP, FIRST_MAKEFILE, MAKEFILE_OLD, NOECHO, RM_F, RM_RF, TEST_F,
TOUCH, CP, MV, CHMOD, UMASK_NULL, ECHO, ECHO_N
init_linker
Unix has no need of special linker flags.
init_PERL
$mm->init_PERL;
Called by init_main. Sets up ABSPERL, PERL, FULLPERL and all the *PERLRUN* permutations.
PERL is allowed to be miniperl
FULLPERL must be a complete perl
ABSPERL is PERL converted to an absolute path
*PERLRUN contains everything necessary to run perl, find it's
libraries, etc...
*PERLRUNINST is *PERLRUN + everything necessary to find the
modules being built.
init_platform
platform_constants
Add MM_Unix_VERSION.
init_PERM
$mm->init_PERM
Called by init_main. Initializes PERL_*
init_xs
$mm->init_xs
Sets up macros having to do with XS code. Currently just INST_STATIC, INST_DYNAMIC and
INST_BOOT.
install (o)
Defines the install target.
installbin (o)
Defines targets to make and to install EXE_FILES.
linkext (o)
Defines the linkext target which in turn defines the LINKTYPE.
lsdir
Takes as arguments a directory name and a regular expression. Returns all entries in the direc-tory directory
tory that match the regular expression.
macro (o)
Simple subroutine to insert the macros defined by the macro attribute into the Makefile.
makeaperl (o)
Called by staticmake. Defines how to write the Makefile to produce a static new perl.
By default the Makefile produced includes all the static extensions in the perl library. (Puri-fied (Purified
fied versions of library files, e.g., DynaLoader_pure_p1_c0_032.a are automatically ignored to
avoid link errors.)
makefile (o)
Defines how to rewrite the Makefile.
maybe_command
Returns true, if the argument is likely to be a command.
needs_linking (o)
Does this module need linking? Looks into subdirectory objects (see also has_link_code())
nicetext
misnamed method (will have to be changed). The MM_Unix method just returns the argument without
further processing.
On VMS used to insure that colons marking targets are preceded by space - most Unix Makes don't
need this, but it's necessary under VMS to distinguish the target delimiter from a colon appear-ing appearing
ing as part of a filespec.
parse_abstract
parse a file and return what you think is the ABSTRACT
parse_version
parse a file and return what you think is $VERSION in this file set to. It will return the
string "undef" if it can't figure out what $VERSION is. $VERSION should be for all to see, so our
$VERSION or plain $VERSION are okay, but my $VERSION is not.
pasthru (o)
Defines the string that is passed to recursive make calls in subdirectories.
perl_script
Takes one argument, a file name, and returns the file name, if the argument is likely to be a
perl script. On MM_Unix this is true for any ordinary, readable file.
perldepend (o)
Defines the dependency from all *.h files that come with the perl distribution.
perm_rw (o)
Returns the attribute "PERM_RW" or the string 644. Used as the string that is passed to the
"chmod" command to set the permissions for read/writeable files. MakeMaker chooses 644 because
it has turned out in the past that relying on the umask provokes hard-to-track bug reports. When
the return value is used by the perl function "chmod", it is interpreted as an octal value.
perm_rwx (o)
Returns the attribute "PERM_RWX" or the string 755, i.e. the string that is passed to the "chmod"
command to set the permissions for executable files. See also perl_rw.
pm_to_blib
Defines target that copies all files in the hash PM to their destination and autosplits them. See
"DESCRIPTION" in ExtUtils::Install
post_constants (o)
Returns an empty string per default. Dedicated to overrides from within Makefile.PL after all
constants have been defined.
post_initialize (o)
Returns an empty string per default. Used in Makefile.PLs to add some chunk of text to the Make-file Makefile
file after the object is initialized.
postamble (o)
Returns an empty string. Can be used in Makefile.PLs to write some text to the Makefile at the
end.
ppd Defines target that creates a PPD (Perl Package Description) file for a binary distribution.
prefixify
$MM->prefixify($var, $prefix, $new_prefix, $default);
Using either $MM->{uc $var} || $Config{lc $var}, it will attempt to replace it's $prefix with a
$new_prefix.
Should the $prefix fail to match AND a PREFIX was given as an argument to WriteMakefile() it will
set it to the $new_prefix + $default. This is for systems whose file layouts don't neatly fit
into our ideas of prefixes.
This is for heuristics which attempt to create directory structures that mirror those of the
installed perl.
For example:
$MM->prefixify('installman1dir', '/usr', '/home/foo', 'man/man1');
this will attempt to remove '/usr' from the front of the $MM->{INSTALLMAN1DIR} path (initializing
it to $Config{installman1dir} if necessary) and replace it with '/home/foo'. If this fails it
will simply use '/home/foo/man/man1'.
processPL (o)
Defines targets to run *.PL files.
quote_paren
Backslashes parentheses "()" in command line arguments. Doesn't handle recursive Makefile
"$(...)" constructs, but handles simple ones.
replace_manpage_separator
my $man_name = $MM->replace_manpage_separator($file_path);
Takes the name of a package, which may be a nested package, in the form 'Foo/Bar.pm' and replaces
the slash with "::" or something else safe for a man page file name. Returns the replacement.
cd
oneliner
quote_literal
escape_newlines
max_exec_len
Using POSIX::ARG_MAX. Otherwise falling back to 4096.
static (o)
Defines the static target.
static_lib (o)
Defines how to produce the *.a (or equivalent) files.
staticmake (o)
Calls makeaperl.
subdir_x (o)
Helper subroutine for subdirs
subdirs (o)
Defines targets to process subdirectories.
test (o)
Defines the test targets.
test_via_harness (override)
For some reason which I forget, Unix machines like to have PERL_DL_NONLAZY set for tests.
test_via_script (override)
Again, the PERL_DL_NONLAZY thing.
tools_other (o)
my $make_frag = $MM->tools_other;
Returns a make fragment containing definitions for the macros init_others() initializes.
tool_xsubpp (o)
Determines typemaps, xsubpp version, prototype behaviour.
all_target
Build man pages, too
top_targets (o)
Defines the targets all, subdirs, config, and O_FILES
writedoc
Obsolete, deprecated method. Not used since Version 5.21.
xs_c (o)
Defines the suffix rules to compile XS files to C.
xs_cpp (o)
Defines the suffix rules to compile XS files to C++.
xs_o (o)
Defines suffix rules to go from XS to object files directly. This is only intended for broken
make implementations.
SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
perl v5.8.8 2001-09-21 ExtUtils::MM_Unix(3pm)
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