MPI_Comm_split(3OpenMPI) MPI_Comm_split(3OpenMPI)
NAME
MPI_Comm_split - Creates new communicators based on colors and keys.
SYNTAX
C Syntax
#include <mpi.h>
int MPI_Comm_split(MPI_Comm comm, int color, int key,
MPI_Comm *newcomm)
Fortran Syntax
INCLUDE 'mpif.h'
MPI_COMM_SPLIT(COMM, COLOR, KEY, NEWCOMM, IERROR)
INTEGER COMM, COLOR, KEY, NEWCOMM, IERROR
C++ Syntax
#include <mpi.h>
MPI::Intercomm MPI::Intercomm::Split(int color, int key) const
MPI::Intracomm MPI::Intracomm::Split(int color, int key) const
INPUT PARAMETERS
comm Communicator (handle).
color Control of subset assignment (nonnegative integer).
key Control of rank assigment (integer).
OUTPUT PARAMETERS
newcomm New communicator (handle).
IERROR Fortran only: Error status (integer).
DESCRIPTION
This function partitions the group associated with comm into disjoint subgroups, one for each value
of color. Each subgroup contains all processes of the same color. Within each subgroup, the processes
are ranked in the order defined by the value of the argument key, with ties broken according to their
rank in the old group. A new communicator is created for each subgroup and returned in newcomm. A
process may supply the color value MPI_UNDEFINED, in which case newcomm returns MPI_COMM_NULL. This
is a collective call, but each process is permitted to provide different values for color and key.
When you call MPI_Comm_split on an inter-communicator, the processes on the left with the same color
as those on the right combine to create a new inter-communicator. The key argument describes the
relative rank of processes on each side of the inter-communicator. The function returns
MPI_COMM_NULL for those colors that are specified on only one side of the inter-communicator, or for
those that specify MPI_UNEDEFINED as the color.
A call to MPI_Comm_create(comm, group, newcomm) is equivalent to a call to MPI_Comm_split(comm,
color, key, newcomm), where all members of group provide color = 0 and key = rank in group, and all
processes that are not members of group provide color = MPI_UNDEFINED. The function MPI_Comm_split
allows more general partitioning of a group into one or more subgroups with optional reordering.
The value of color must be nonnegative or MPI_UNDEFINED.
NOTES
This is an extremely powerful mechanism for dividing a single communicating group of processes into k
subgroups, with k chosen implicitly by the user (by the number of colors asserted over all the pro-cesses). processes).
cesses). Each resulting communicator will be nonoverlapping. Such a division could be useful for
defining a hierarchy of computations, such as for multigrid or linear algebra.
Multiple calls to MPI_Comm_split can be used to overcome the requirement that any call have no over-lap overlap
lap of the resulting communicators (each process is of only one color per call). In this way, multi-ple multiple
ple overlapping communication structures can be created. Creative use of the color and key in such
splitting operations is encouraged.
Note that, for a fixed color, the keys need not be unique. It is MPI_Comm_split's responsibility to
sort processes in ascending order according to this key, and to break ties in a consistent way. If
all the keys are specified in the same way, then all the processes in a given color will have the
relative rank order as they did in their parent group. (In general, they will have different ranks.)
Essentially, making the key value zero for all processes of a given color means that one needn't
really pay attention to the rank-order of the processes in the new communicator.
ERRORS
Almost all MPI routines return an error value; C routines as the value of the function and Fortran
routines in the last argument. C++ functions do not return errors. If the default error handler is
set to MPI::ERRORS_THROW_EXCEPTIONS, then on error the C++ exception mechanism will be used to throw
an MPI:Exception object.
Before the error value is returned, the current MPI error handler is called. By default, this error
handler aborts the MPI job, except for I/O function errors. The error handler may be changed with
MPI_Comm_set_errhandler; the predefined error handler MPI_ERRORS_RETURN may be used to cause error
values to be returned. Note that MPI does not guarantee that an MPI program can continue past an
error.
SEE ALSO
MPI_Comm_create
MPI_Intercomm_create
MPI_Comm_dup
MPI_Comm_free
Open MPI 1.2 September 2006 MPI_Comm_split(3OpenMPI)
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