• Why Use Synthesized Speech?

• Spoken Output and Accessibility

• Speech Synthesis Concepts and Components

• The Speech Generation Process

• Representations of Speech

• Voices

• Speech Channels

• Notifications, Callbacks, and Speech Synchronization

• The MacinTalk Synthesizer

• Attributes of Synthesized Speech

• Speech Rate

• Speech Pitch, Frequency, and Pitch Modulation

• Speech Volume

• Prosody

• Opportunities for the Customization of Synthesized Speech

• Use Different Voices

• Adjust Speech Attributes and Control Speech Production Using the Speech Synthesis APIs

• Control Speech Quality Using Embedded Speech Commands

• Strategies for Incorporating Synthesized Speech

• Take Advantage of System-Provided Functionality

• Provide Some Customization

• Provide Advanced Customization

• User Interface Design Guidelines for Speech

• Carbon and Cocoa Speech Synthesis APIs Compared

• Overview of the Cocoa Speech Synthesis API

• Overview of the Carbon Speech Synthesis API

• Implementing Basic Speech Synthesis Tasks Using Cocoa and Carbon

• Generating Speech Using the Cocoa Speech Synthesis API

• Generating Speech Using the Carbon Speech Synthesis API

• Using AppleScript to Produce Spoken Output

• Adjust Speech Channel Settings Using the Carbon Speech Synthesis API

• Use Embedded Speech Commands to Fine-Tune Spoken Output

• Embedded Speech Command Delimiters

• Overview of Embedded Speech Command Syntax

• The Mac OS X Embedded Speech Commands

• Embedded Speech Command Errors

• Use Phoneme Modifiers to Adjust Pronunciation

• Use Punctuation Correctly

• Use the TUNE Format to Supply Complex Pitch Contours

• Synchronize Speech with Application-Specific Actions

• Avoid Cross-Talk

• Four Ways to Improve Spoken Output

• Adjust the Pronunciation of Troublesome Words

• Let the User Catch Up

• Focus the User’s Attention

• Liven It Up!