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OpenGL and 3D Graphics Changes in Mac OS X v10.2.3


Q: What changes were made in OpenGL and 3D graphics for Mac OS X v10.2.3?

A: Mac OS X v10.2.3 adds support for OpenGL 1.4, 13 new OpenGL extensions, improved stereo support and an OpenGL Utility Toolkit (GLUT) update. Additionally, the update has a number of improvements and bug fixes in the 3D graphics pipeline. For graphics processors which support OpenGL 1.4, the capabilities in Listing 1 are now included in the core OpenGL functionality. Developers should query the current renderer's GL_VERSION string to determine if it supports OpenGL 1.4.


  • Automatic Mipmap Generation by setting the texture parameter GL_GENERATE_MIPMAP to GL_TRUE. This introduces a side effect to any modification of the levelbase of a mipmap array, wherein all higher levels of the mipmap pyramid are recomputed automatically by successive filtering of the base level array.
  • Blend Squaring extends the set of supported source and destination blend functions to permit squaring RGB and alpha values during blending.
  • Imaging Subset changes to include BlendEquation, BlendColor, and the BlendFunc modes GL_CONSTANT_COLOR, GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_COLOR, GL_CONSTANT_ALPHA, and GL_ONE_MINUS_CONSTANT_ALPHA. These features previously were available only in the optional imaging subset in versions 1.2 and 1.3 of the OpenGL specification.
  • Depth and Shadow textures define a new texture internal format, GL_DEPTH, normally used to represent depth values. Applications include image-based shadow casting, displacement mapping, and image-based rendering. Image-based shadowing is enabled with a new texture application mode defined by the parameter GL_TEXTURE_COMPARE_MODE.
  • Fog Coordinates can be used in computing fog for a fragment, instead of using eye distance to the fragment, useful for more complex fog models
  • Multiple Draw Arrays allows multiple primitives to be drawn in a single call using the glMultiDrawArrays and glMultiDrawElements commands.
  • Point Parameters support additional geometric characteristics of points, allowing the size of a point to be affected by linear or quadratic distance attenuation, and increasing control of the mapping from point size to raster point area and point transparency. This effect may be used for distance attenuation in rendering particles or light points.
  • Secondary Color may be varied even when lighting is disabled by specifying it as a vertex parameter with the glSecondaryColor commands.
  • Separate Blend Functions allow independent setting of the RGB and alpha blend functions for blend operations that require source and destination blend factors.
  • Stencil Wrap operations GL_INCR_WRAP and GL_DECR_WRAP allow the stencil value to wrap around the range of stencil values instead of saturating to the minimum or maximum values on decrement or increment.
  • Texture Crossbar Environment Mode extends the texture combine environment mode GL_COMBINE by allowing use of the texture color from different texture units as sources to the texture combine function.
  • Texture level of detail (LOD) bias may be set to bias the computed lambda parameter used in texturing for mipmap level of detail selection, providing a means to blur or sharpen textures. LOD bias may be used for depth of field and other special visual effects, as well as for some types of image processing.
  • Texture Mirrored Repeat extends the set of texture wrap modes with the mode GL_MIRRORED_REPEAT. This effectively defines a texture map twice as large as the original texture image in which the additional half, for each mirrored texture coordinate, is a mirror image of the original texture. Mirrored repeat can be used for seamless tiling of a surface.
  • Window Raster Position allows the raster position to be set directly to specified window coordinates with the glWindowPos commands, bypassing the transformation applied to glRasterPos.

Listing 1. OpenGL 1.4 Features


The extensions outlined in Listing 2 are have been added to OpenGL for Mac OS X. Developers can check the extensions string for specific renderer support and see the Mac OS X OpenGL Extensions Guide to learn about extension use and read the specification.


  • GL_APPLE_float_pixels
  • GL_ARB_fragment_program
  • GL_ARB_shadow_ambient
  • GL_ARB_vertex_blend
  • GL_ARB_window_pos
  • GL_EXT_multi_draw_arrays
  • GL_EXT_s3tc_texture_compression
  • GL_EXT_shadow_funcs
  • GL_EXT_stencil_two_side
  • GL_ATI_point_cull
  • GL_ATI_texture_mirror_once
  • GL_NV_light_max_exponent
  • GL_SGIS_generate_mipmap

Listing 2. New OpenGL Extensions


GLUT was updated to add support for joysticks and stereo contexts. Also, significant improvements were made to event handling which should result more consistent performance and use less CPU in many cases.

In addition to the additions and improvements covered previously, Listing 3 shows a representative list of 3D graphics bugs fixed in Mac OS X v10.2.3 which may affect developers.


  • iPhoto slide show fix (r. 2851438)
  • Screen saver fixes (r. 2947854, 2981882, 2983532, 3049055)
  • Added additional OpenGL stability (r. 2987229, 3010024, 3044963)
  • DVD visual fixes (r. 2988472, 3034700, 3065118, 3099283, 3102416, 3102431, 3109605)
  • Improve smoothness in Bugdom (r. 3002070, 3108864)
  • Improved Shader Builder support (r. 3003329)
  • Java graphics support improvements (r. 3007437)
  • Improvements to GL_ATI_text_fragment_shader (r. 3023059)
  • Fixed LOD bias issues (r. 3039061, 33039007)
  • Texturing fixes (r. 3063842, 3063845, 3033919)
  • Improved external display support (r. 3071846, 3081613, 3101551, 3122070, 2999184, 3003635, 3025839, 3088102)
  • Improved glReadPixels robustness (r. 3110816, 3113045, 3103065)
  • Fixed cursor issues (r. 3058957)
  • Line mode fixes (r. 3092958)
  • Fixed some w = 0 issues (r. 3093070)
  • Improved texture range support (r. 3093739)
  • Fixed some OpenGL header declarations to be in line with OpenGL specification (r. 3013229, 3014102)
  • Fix some OpenGL queries (r. 3116500)
  • Add multiple display support to GLUT (r. 2932866)
  • GLUT conformance test fixes (r. 3094824, 3110053)
  • GLUT improved window and visibility handling (r. 3094828, 3065960, 3110804)
  • Fixed GLUT full screen background window resize issue (r. 3094832)
  • Eliminate GLUT console spew (r. 3095226)
  • Improved GLUT passive motion and menu handling (r. 3065960, 3091508, 3082250)
  • Improved overall GLUT event and timer handling (r. 3032121)

Listing 3. 3D Graphics Bug Fixes



[Jan 03 2003]


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