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ATOS(1)                                                                                              ATOS(1)



NAME
       atos - tool to convert numeric addresses to symbols of binary images or processes

SYNOPSIS
       atos  [  -p pid | partial-executable-name ] [ -o executable ] [ -f file ] [ -arch architecture ] [ -s
       slide ] [ -printHeader ] [ address ...  ]

DESCRIPTION
       The atos command converts numeric addresses to their symbolic equivalents.  It must be supplied  with
       either  the process ID (or full or partial executable name) of a currently executing process, or else
       the path to a Mach-O executable.  (Multiple process IDs or paths can also be supplied  if  necessary,
       and  the  two  can  be  mixed  in  any  order.)   When working with a running process, atos considers
       addresses and symbols defined in all executables currently loaded by that process,  at  their  loaded
       locations.   When working with a Mach-O executable, atos considers only addresses and symbols defined
       in that executable, at their default locations (unless the -s option is given).

       A numeric address will be converted into the symbol (if any) whose corresponding range  of  addresses
       contains  the  specified  address. With the -s flag, the indicated slide value is subtracted from all
       input addresses prior to symbol lookup.  If an address cannot be converted using the first process or
       executable  specified, any other processes or executables specified will be used, in the order speci-fied. specified.
       fied.  If an address still cannot be converted, it will be reprinted unchanged.  Results are  printed
       out one to a line, with numeric addresses given in hexadecimal format.

       Numeric  arguments  may  be given in decimal format, or they may be prefixed by 0x or 0X and given in
       hexadecimal format.  With the -f flag, addresses may optionally be taken from a file, which  will  be
       read  as if it contained whitespace-separated numeric address arguments.  If no address arguments are
       given on the command line, atos enters an interactive mode, in which it takes addresses from stdin as
       if it were reading them from a file.

       The -printHeader argument indicates that if a process ID was specified, the first line of atos output
       should be a header of the form "Looking up symbols in process <pid> named:  <process-name>".  This is
       primarily used when atos is invoked as part of a stackshot(1) run, for verification of the process ID
       and name.

GETTING SYMBOLS FOR A DIFFERENT MACHINE ARCHITECTURE
       It is possible to get symbols for addresses from a different machine architecture than the system  on
       which  atos is running.  For example, when running atos on an Intel-based system, one may wish to get
       the symbol for an address that came from a backtrace of a process running on a PowerPC  machine.   To
       do  so,  use  the  -arch flag to specify the desired architecture (such as i386 or ppc) and pass in a
       corresponding symbol-rich Mach-O executable with a binary image  of  the  corresponding  architecture
       (such as a Universal Binary).



Apple Inc.                                      June 19, 1998                                        ATOS(1)