TELNET(1) BSD General Commands Manual TELNET(1)
NAME
telnet -- user interface to the TELNET protocol
SYNOPSIS
telnet [-468EFKLNacdfruxy] [-S tos] [-X authtype] [-e escapechar] [-k realm] [-l user] [-n tracefile]
[-s src_addr] [host [port]]
DESCRIPTION
The telnet command is used to communicate with another host using the TELNET protocol. If telnet is
invoked without the host argument, it enters command mode, indicated by its prompt (``telnet>''). In
this mode, it accepts and executes the commands listed below. If it is invoked with arguments, it per-forms performs
forms an open command with those arguments.
Options:
-4 Forces telnet to use IPv4 addresses only.
-6 Forces telnet to use IPv6 addresses only.
-8 Specifies an 8-bit data path. This causes an attempt to negotiate the TELNET BINARY option on
both input and output.
-E Stops any character from being recognized as an escape character.
-F If Kerberos V5 authentication is being used, the -F option allows the local credentials to be
forwarded to the remote system, including any credentials that have already been forwarded into
the local environment.
-K Specifies no automatic login to the remote system.
-L Specifies an 8-bit data path on output. This causes the BINARY option to be negotiated on out-put. output.
put.
-N Prevents IP address to name lookup when destination host is given as an IP address.
-S tos Sets the IP type-of-service (TOS) option for the telnet connection to the value tos, which can
be a numeric TOS value or, on systems that support it, a symbolic TOS name found in the
/etc/iptos file.
-X atype
Disables the atype type of authentication.
-a Attempt automatic login. This is now the default, so this option is ignored. Currently, this
sends the user name via the USER variable of the ENVIRON option if supported by the remote sys-tem. system.
tem. The name used is that of the current user as returned by getlogin(2) if it agrees with
the current user ID, otherwise it is the name associated with the user ID.
-c Disables the reading of the user's .telnetrc file. (See the toggle skiprc command on this man
page.)
-d Sets the initial value of the debug toggle to TRUE.
-e escapechar
Sets the initial telnet escape character to escapechar. If escapechar is omitted, then there
will be no escape character.
-f If Kerberos V5 authentication is being used, the -f option allows the local credentials to be
forwarded to the remote system.
-k realm
If Kerberos authentication is being used, the -k option requests that telnet obtain tickets for
the remote host in realm realm instead of the remote host's realm, as determined by
krb_realmofhost(3).
-l user
When connecting to the remote system, if the remote system understands the ENVIRON option, then
user will be sent to the remote system as the value for the variable USER. This option implies
the -a option. This option may also be used with the open command.
-n tracefile
Opens tracefile for recording trace information. See the set tracefile command below.
-r Specifies a user interface similar to rlogin(1). In this mode, the escape character is set to
the tilde (~) character, unless modified by the -e option.
-s src_addr
Set the source IP address for the telnet connection to src_addr, which can be an IP address or
a host name.
-u Forces telnet to use AF_UNIX addresses only (e.g., UNIX domain sockets, accessed with a file
path).
-x Turns on encryption of the data stream if possible. This is now the default, so this option is
ignored.
-y Suppresses encryption of the data stream.
host Indicates the official name, an alias, or the Internet address of a remote host. If host
starts with a `/', telnet establishes a connection to the corresponding named socket.
port Indicates a port number (address of an application). If a number is not specified, the default
telnet port is used.
When in rlogin mode, a line of the form ~. disconnects from the remote host; ~ is the telnet escape
character. Similarly, the line ~^Z suspends the telnet session. The line ~^] escapes to the normal
telnet escape prompt.
Once a connection has been opened, telnet will attempt to enable the TELNET LINEMODE option. If this
fails, then telnet will revert to one of two input modes: either ``character at a time'' or ``old line
by line'' depending on what the remote system supports.
When LINEMODE is enabled, character processing is done on the local system, under the control of the
remote system. When input editing or character echoing is to be disabled, the remote system will relay
that information. The remote system will also relay changes to any special characters that happen on
the remote system, so that they can take effect on the local system.
In ``character at a time'' mode, most text typed is immediately sent to the remote host for processing.
In ``old line by line'' mode, all text is echoed locally, and (normally) only completed lines are sent
to the remote host. The ``local echo character'' (initially ``^E'') may be used to turn off and on the
local echo (this would mostly be used to enter passwords without the password being echoed).
If the LINEMODE option is enabled, or if the localchars toggle is TRUE (the default for ``old line by
line''; see below), the user's quit, intr, and flush characters are trapped locally, and sent as TELNET
protocol sequences to the remote side. If LINEMODE has ever been enabled, then the user's susp and eof
are also sent as TELNET protocol sequences, and quit is sent as a TELNET ABORT instead of BREAK. There
are options (see toggle autoflush and toggle autosynch below) which cause this action to flush subse-quent subsequent
quent output to the terminal (until the remote host acknowledges the TELNET sequence) and flush previ-ous previous
ous terminal input (in the case of quit and intr).
While connected to a remote host, telnet command mode may be entered by typing the telnet ``escape
character'' (initially ``^]''). When in command mode, the normal terminal editing conventions are
available.
The following telnet commands are available. Only enough of each command to uniquely identify it need
be typed (this is also true for arguments to the mode, set, toggle, unset, slc, environ, and display
commands).
auth argument ...
The auth command manipulates the information sent through the TELNET AUTHENTICATE option.
Valid arguments for the auth command are:
disable type Disables the specified type of authentication. To obtain a list of available
types, use the auth disable ? command.
enable type Enables the specified type of authentication. To obtain a list of available
types, use the auth enable ? command.
status Lists the current status of the various types of authentication.
close Close a TELNET session and return to command mode.
display argument ...
Displays all, or some, of the set and toggle values (see below).
encrypt argument ...
The encrypt command manipulates the information sent through the TELNET ENCRYPT option.
Valid arguments for the encrypt command are:
disable type [input | output]
Disables the specified type of encryption. If you omit the input and output,
both input and output are disabled. To obtain a list of available types, use
the encrypt disable ? command.
enable type [input | output]
Enables the specified type of encryption. If you omit input and output, both
input and output are enabled. To obtain a list of available types, use the
encrypt enable ? command.
input This is the same as the encrypt start input command.
-input This is the same as the encrypt stop input command.
output This is the same as the encrypt start output command.
-output This is the same as the encrypt stop output command.
start [input | output]
Attempts to start encryption. If you omit input and output, both input and
output are enabled. To obtain a list of available types, use the encrypt
enable ? command.
status Lists the current status of encryption.
stop [input | output]
Stops encryption. If you omit input and output, encryption is on both input
and output.
type type Sets the default type of encryption to be used with later encrypt start or
encrypt stop commands.
environ arguments ...
The environ command is used to manipulate the variables that may be sent through the TELNET
ENVIRON option. The initial set of variables is populated with the contents of the follow-ing following
ing environment variables, if present: USER, PRINTER, DISPLAY, TERM, COLUMNS, LINES. Only
the first three are exported, by default.
Valid arguments for the environ command are:
define variable [value]
Define the variable variable to have a value of value. If value is empty, the
value is taken from the environment variable. Any variables defined by this
command are automatically exported. The value may be enclosed in single or dou-ble double
ble quotes so that tabs and spaces may be included.
undefine variable
Remove variable from the list of environment variables.
export variable
Mark the variable variable to be exported to the remote side.
unexport variable
Mark the variable variable to not be exported unless explicitly asked for by the
remote side.
list List the current set of environment variables. Those marked with a * will be
sent automatically, other variables will only be sent if explicitly requested.
? Prints out help information for the environ command.
logout Sends the TELNET LOGOUT option to the remote side. This command is similar to a close com-mand; command;
mand; however, if the remote side does not support the LOGOUT option, nothing happens. If,
however, the remote side does support the LOGOUT option, this command should cause the
remote side to close the TELNET connection. If the remote side also supports the concept of
suspending a user's session for later reattachment, the logout argument indicates that you
should terminate the session immediately.
mode type Type is one of several options, depending on the state of the TELNET session. The remote
host is asked for permission to go into the requested mode. If the remote host is capable
of entering that mode, the requested mode will be entered.
character Disable the TELNET LINEMODE option, or, if the remote side does not understand
the LINEMODE option, then enter ``character at a time'' mode.
line Enable the TELNET LINEMODE option, or, if the remote side does not understand
the LINEMODE option, then attempt to enter ``old-line-by-line'' mode.
isig (-isig) Attempt to enable (disable) the TRAPSIG mode of the LINEMODE option. This
requires that the LINEMODE option be enabled.
edit (-edit) Attempt to enable (disable) the EDIT mode of the LINEMODE option. This
requires that the LINEMODE option be enabled.
softtabs (-softtabs)
Attempt to enable (disable) the SOFT_TAB mode of the LINEMODE option. This
requires that the LINEMODE option be enabled.
litecho (-litecho)
Attempt to enable (disable) the LIT_ECHO mode of the LINEMODE option. This
requires that the LINEMODE option be enabled.
? Prints out help information for the mode command.
open host [-l user] [[-]port]
Open a connection to the named host. If no port number is specified, telnet will attempt to
contact a TELNET server at the default port. The host specification may be either a host
name (see hosts(5)), an Internet address specified in the ``dot notation'' (see inet(3)), or
IPv6 host name or IPv6 coloned-hexadecimal addreess. The -l option may be used to specify
the user name to be passed to the remote system via the ENVIRON option. When connecting to
a non-standard port, telnet omits any automatic initiation of TELNET options. When the port
number is preceded by a minus sign, the initial option negotiation is done. After estab-lishing establishing
lishing a connection, the file .telnetrc in the users home directory is opened. Lines
beginning with a # are comment lines. Blank lines are ignored. Lines that begin without
white space are the start of a machine entry. The first thing on the line is the name of
the machine that is being connected to. The rest of the line, and successive lines that
begin with white space are assumed to be telnet commands and are processed as if they had
been typed in manually to the telnet command prompt.
quit Close any open TELNET session and exit telnet. An end of file (in command mode) will also
close a session and exit.
send arguments
Sends one or more special character sequences to the remote host. The following are the
arguments which may be specified (more than one argument may be specified at a time):
abort Sends the TELNET ABORT (Abort processes) sequence.
ao Sends the TELNET AO (Abort Output) sequence, which should cause the remote system to
flush all output from the remote system to the user's terminal.
ayt Sends the TELNET AYT (Are You There) sequence, to which the remote system may or may
not choose to respond.
brk Sends the TELNET BRK (Break) sequence, which may have significance to the remote
system.
ec Sends the TELNET EC (Erase Character) sequence, which should cause the remote system
to erase the last character entered.
el Sends the TELNET EL (Erase Line) sequence, which should cause the remote system to
erase the line currently being entered.
eof Sends the TELNET EOF (End Of File) sequence.
eor Sends the TELNET EOR (End of Record) sequence.
escape Sends the current telnet escape character (initially ``^'').
ga Sends the TELNET GA (Go Ahead) sequence, which likely has no significance to the
remote system.
getstatus
If the remote side supports the TELNET STATUS command, getstatus will send the sub-negotiation subnegotiation
negotiation to request that the server send its current option status.
ip Sends the TELNET IP (Interrupt Process) sequence, which should cause the remote sys-tem system
tem to abort the currently running process.
nop Sends the TELNET NOP (No OPeration) sequence.
susp Sends the TELNET SUSP (SUSPend process) sequence.
synch Sends the TELNET SYNCH sequence. This sequence causes the remote system to discard
all previously typed (but not yet read) input. This sequence is sent as TCP urgent
data (and may not work if the remote system is a 4.2BSD system -- if it doesn't
work, a lower case ``r'' may be echoed on the terminal).
do cmd
dont cmd
will cmd
wont cmd
Sends the TELNET DO cmd sequence. Cmd can be either a decimal number between 0 and
255, or a symbolic name for a specific TELNET command. Cmd can also be either help
or ? to print out help information, including a list of known symbolic names.
? Prints out help information for the send command.
set argument value
unset argument value
The set command will set any one of a number of telnet variables to a specific value or to
TRUE. The special value off turns off the function associated with the variable, this is
equivalent to using the unset command. The unset command will disable or set to FALSE any
of the specified functions. The values of variables may be interrogated with the display
command. The variables which may be set or unset, but not toggled, are listed here. In
addition, any of the variables for the toggle command may be explicitly set or unset using
the set and unset commands.
ayt If TELNET is in localchars mode, or LINEMODE is enabled, and the status character is
typed, a TELNET AYT sequence (see send ayt preceding) is sent to the remote host.
The initial value for the ``Are You There'' character is the terminal's status char-acter. character.
acter.
echo This is the value (initially ``^E'') which, when in ``line by line'' mode, toggles
between doing local echoing of entered characters (for normal processing), and sup-pressing suppressing
pressing echoing of entered characters (for entering, say, a password).
eof If telnet is operating in LINEMODE or ``old line by line'' mode, entering this char-acter character
acter as the first character on a line will cause this character to be sent to the
remote system. The initial value of the eof character is taken to be the terminal's
eof character.
erase If telnet is in localchars mode (see toggle localchars below), and if telnet is
operating in ``character at a time'' mode, then when this character is typed, a
TELNET EC sequence (see send ec above) is sent to the remote system. The initial
value for the erase character is taken to be the terminal's erase character.
escape This is the telnet escape character (initially ``^['') which causes entry into
telnet command mode (when connected to a remote system).
flushoutput
If telnet is in localchars mode (see toggle localchars below) and the flushoutput
character is typed, a TELNET AO sequence (see send ao above) is sent to the remote
host. The initial value for the flush character is taken to be the terminal's flush
character.
forw1
forw2 If telnet is operating in LINEMODE, these are the characters that, when typed, cause
partial lines to be forwarded to the remote system. The initial value for the for-warding forwarding
warding characters are taken from the terminal's eol and eol2 characters.
interrupt
If telnet is in localchars mode (see toggle localchars below) and the interrupt
character is typed, a TELNET IP sequence (see send ip above) is sent to the remote
host. The initial value for the interrupt character is taken to be the terminal's
intr character.
kill If telnet is in localchars mode (see toggle localchars below), and if telnet is
operating in ``character at a time'' mode, then when this character is typed, a
TELNET EL sequence (see send el above) is sent to the remote system. The initial
value for the kill character is taken to be the terminal's kill character.
lnext If telnet is operating in LINEMODE or ``old line by line'' mode, then this character
is taken to be the terminal's lnext character. The initial value for the lnext
character is taken to be the terminal's lnext character.
quit If telnet is in localchars mode (see toggle localchars below) and the quit character
is typed, a TELNET BRK sequence (see send brk above) is sent to the remote host.
The initial value for the quit character is taken to be the terminal's quit charac-ter. character.
ter.
reprint
If telnet is operating in LINEMODE or ``old line by line'' mode, then this character
is taken to be the terminal's reprint character. The initial value for the reprint
character is taken to be the terminal's reprint character.
rlogin This is the rlogin escape character. If set, the normal telnet escape character is
ignored unless it is preceded by this character at the beginning of a line. This
character, at the beginning of a line followed by a "." closes the connection; when
followed by a ^Z it suspends the telnet command. The initial state is to disable
the rlogin escape character.
start If the TELNET TOGGLE-FLOW-CONTROL option has been enabled, then this character is
taken to be the terminal's start character. The initial value for the start charac-ter character
ter is taken to be the terminal's start character.
stop If the TELNET TOGGLE-FLOW-CONTROL option has been enabled, then this character is
taken to be the terminal's stop character. The initial value for the stop character
is taken to be the terminal's stop character.
susp If telnet is in localchars mode, or LINEMODE is enabled, and the suspend character
is typed, a TELNET SUSP sequence (see send susp above) is sent to the remote host.
The initial value for the suspend character is taken to be the terminal's suspend
character.
tracefile
This is the file to which the output, caused by netdata or option tracing being
TRUE, will be written. If it is set to ``-'', then tracing information will be
written to standard output (the default).
worderase
If telnet is operating in LINEMODE or ``old line by line'' mode, then this character
is taken to be the terminal's worderase character. The initial value for the
worderase character is taken to be the terminal's worderase character.
? Displays the legal set (unset) commands.
opie sequence challenge
The opie command computes a response to the OPIE challenge.
slc state The slc command (Set Local Characters) is used to set or change the state of the special
characters when the TELNET LINEMODE option has been enabled. Special characters are charac-ters characters
ters that get mapped to TELNET commands sequences (like ip or quit) or line editing charac-ters characters
ters (like erase and kill). By default, the local special characters are exported.
check Verify the current settings for the current special characters. The remote side
is requested to send all the current special character settings, and if there
are any discrepancies with the local side, the local side will switch to the
remote value.
export Switch to the local defaults for the special characters. The local default
characters are those of the local terminal at the time when telnet was started.
import Switch to the remote defaults for the special characters. The remote default
characters are those of the remote system at the time when the TELNET connection
was established.
? Prints out help information for the slc command.
status Show the current status of telnet. This includes the peer one is connected to, as well as
the current mode.
toggle arguments ...
Toggle (between TRUE and FALSE) various flags that control how telnet responds to events.
These flags may be set explicitly to TRUE or FALSE using the set and unset commands listed
above. More than one argument may be specified. The state of these flags may be interro-gated interrogated
gated with the display command. Valid arguments are:
authdebug Turns on debugging information for the authentication code.
autoflush If autoflush and localchars are both TRUE, then when the ao, or quit charac-ters characters
ters are recognized (and transformed into TELNET sequences; see set above for
details), telnet refuses to display any data on the user's terminal until the
remote system acknowledges (via a TELNET TIMING MARK option) that it has pro-cessed processed
cessed those TELNET sequences. The initial value for this toggle is TRUE if
the terminal user had not done an "stty noflsh", otherwise FALSE (see
stty(1)).
autodecrypt When the TELNET ENCRYPT option is negotiated, by default the actual encryption
(decryption) of the data stream does not start automatically. The autoencrypt
(autodecrypt) command states that encryption of the output (input) stream
should be enabled as soon as possible.
autologin If the remote side supports the TELNET AUTHENTICATION option telnet attempts
to use it to perform automatic authentication. If the AUTHENTICATION option
is not supported, the user's login name are propagated through the TELNET
ENVIRON option. This command is the same as specifying -a option on the open
command.
autosynch If autosynch and localchars are both TRUE, then when either the intr or quit
characters is typed (see set above for descriptions of the intr and quit char-acters), characters),
acters), the resulting TELNET sequence sent is followed by the TELNET SYNCH
sequence. This procedure should cause the remote system to begin throwing
away all previously typed input until both of the TELNET sequences have been
read and acted upon. The initial value of this toggle is FALSE.
binary Enable or disable the TELNET BINARY option on both input and output.
inbinary Enable or disable the TELNET BINARY option on input.
outbinary Enable or disable the TELNET BINARY option on output.
crlf If this is TRUE, then carriage returns will be sent as <CR><LF>. If this is
FALSE, then carriage returns will be send as <CR><NUL>. The initial value for
this toggle is FALSE.
crmod Toggle carriage return mode. When this mode is enabled, most carriage return
characters received from the remote host will be mapped into a carriage return
followed by a line feed. This mode does not affect those characters typed by
the user, only those received from the remote host. This mode is not very
useful unless the remote host only sends carriage return, but never line feed.
The initial value for this toggle is FALSE.
debug Toggles socket level debugging (useful only to the super user). The initial
value for this toggle is FALSE.
encdebug Turns on debugging information for the encryption code.
localchars If this is TRUE, then the flush, interrupt, quit, erase, and kill characters
(see set above) are recognized locally, and transformed into (hopefully)
appropriate TELNET control sequences (respectively ao, ip, brk, ec, and el;
see send above). The initial value for this toggle is TRUE in ``old line by
line'' mode, and FALSE in ``character at a time'' mode. When the LINEMODE
option is enabled, the value of localchars is ignored, and assumed to always
be TRUE. If LINEMODE has ever been enabled, then quit is sent as abort, and
eof and suspend are sent as eof and susp (see send above).
netdata Toggles the display of all network data (in hexadecimal format). The initial
value for this toggle is FALSE.
options Toggles the display of some internal telnet protocol processing (having to do
with TELNET options). The initial value for this toggle is FALSE.
prettydump When the netdata toggle is enabled, if prettydump is enabled the output from
the netdata command will be formatted in a more user readable format. Spaces
are put between each character in the output, and the beginning of any telnet
escape sequence is preceded by a '*' to aid in locating them.
skiprc When the skiprc toggle is TRUE, telnet skips the reading of the .telnetrc file
in the users home directory when connections are opened. The initial value
for this toggle is FALSE.
termdata Toggles the display of all terminal data (in hexadecimal format). The initial
value for this toggle is FALSE.
verbose_encrypt
When the verbose_encrypt toggle is TRUE, telnet prints out a message each time
encryption is enabled or disabled. The initial value for this toggle is
FALSE.
? Displays the legal toggle commands.
z Suspend telnet. This command only works when the user is using the csh(1).
! [command]
Execute a single command in a subshell on the local system. If command is omitted, then an
interactive subshell is invoked.
? [command]
Get help. With no arguments, telnet prints a help summary. If command is specified, telnet
will print the help information for just that command.
ENVIRONMENT
telnet uses at least the HOME, SHELL, DISPLAY, and TERM environment variables. Other environment vari-ables variables
ables may be propagated to the other side via the TELNET ENVIRON option.
SEE ALSO
rlogin(1), rsh(1), hosts(5), nologin(5), telnetd(8)
FILES
~/.telnetrc user customized telnet startup values
HISTORY
The telnet command appeared in 4.2BSD.
IPv6 support was added by WIDE/KAME project.
NOTES
On some remote systems, echo has to be turned off manually when in ``old line by line'' mode.
In ``old line by line'' mode or LINEMODE the terminal's eof character is only recognized (and sent to
the remote system) when it is the first character on a line.
BSD January 27, 2000 BSD
|