wish(1) Tk Applications wish(1)
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NAME
wish - Simple windowing shell
SYNOPSIS
wish ?fileName arg arg ...?
OPTIONS
-colormap new Specifies that the window should have a new private colormap instead of using the
default colormap for the screen.
-display display Display (and screen) on which to display window.
-geometry geometry Initial geometry to use for window. If this option is specified, its value is
stored in the geometry global variable of the application's Tcl interpreter.
-name name Use name as the title to be displayed in the window, and as the name of the
interpreter for send commands.
-sync Execute all X server commands synchronously, so that errors are reported immedi-ately. immediately.
ately. This will result in much slower execution, but it is useful for debug-ging. debugging.
ging.
-use |
id | |
Specifies that the main window for the application is to be embedded in the win- |
dow whose identifier is id, instead of being created as an independent toplevel |
window. Id must be specified in the same way as the value for the -use option |
for toplevel widgets (i.e. it has a form like that returned by the winfo id com- |
mand).
-visual visual Specifies the visual to use for the window. Visual may have any of the forms
supported by the Tk_GetVisual procedure.
-- Pass all remaining arguments through to the script's argv variable without inter-preting interpreting
preting them. This provides a mechanism for passing arguments such as -name to a
script instead of having wish interpret them.
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DESCRIPTION
Wish is a simple program consisting of the Tcl command language, the Tk toolkit, and a main program
that reads commands from standard input or from a file. It creates a main window and then processes
Tcl commands. If wish is invoked with no arguments, or with a first argument that starts with ``-'',
then it reads Tcl commands interactively from standard input. It will continue processing commands
until all windows have been deleted or until end-of-file is reached on standard input. If there
exists a file .wishrc in the home directory of the user, wish evaluates the file as a Tcl script just
before reading the first command from standard input.
If wish is invoked with an initial fileName argument, then fileName is treated as the name of a
script file. Wish will evaluate the script in fileName (which presumably creates a user interface),
then it will respond to events until all windows have been deleted. Commands will not be read from
standard input. There is no automatic evaluation of .wishrc when the name of a script file is pre-sented presented
sented on the wish command line, but the script file can always source it if desired.
OPTIONS
Wish automatically processes all of the command-line options described in the OPTIONS summary above.
Any other command-line arguments besides these are passed through to the application using the argc
and argv variables described later.
APPLICATION NAME AND CLASS
The name of the application, which is used for purposes such as send commands, is taken from the
-name option, if it is specified; otherwise it is taken from fileName, if it is specified, or from
the command name by which wish was invoked. In the last two cases, if the name contains a ``/''
character, then only the characters after the last slash are used as the application name.
The class of the application, which is used for purposes such as specifying options with a
RESOURCE_MANAGER property or .Xdefaults file, is the same as its name except that the first letter is
capitalized.
VARIABLES
Wish sets the following Tcl variables:
argc Contains a count of the number of arg arguments (0 if none), not including the options
described above.
argv Contains a Tcl list whose elements are the arg arguments that follow a -- option or
don't match any of the options described in OPTIONS above, in order, or an empty
string if there are no such arguments.
argv0 Contains fileName if it was specified. Otherwise, contains the name by which wish was
invoked.
geometry If the -geometry option is specified, wish copies its value into this variable. If
the variable still exists after fileName has been evaluated, wish uses the value of
the variable in a wm geometry command to set the main window's geometry.
tcl_interactive
Contains 1 if wish is reading commands interactively (fileName was not specified and
standard input is a terminal-like device), 0 otherwise.
SCRIPT FILES
If you create a Tcl script in a file whose first line is
#!/usr/local/bin/wish
then you can invoke the script file directly from your shell if you mark it as executable. This
assumes that wish has been installed in the default location in /usr/local/bin; if it's installed
somewhere else then you'll have to modify the above line to match. Many UNIX systems do not allow
the #! line to exceed about 30 characters in length, so be sure that the wish executable can be
accessed with a short file name.
An even better approach is to start your script files with the following three lines:
#!/bin/sh
# the next line restarts using wish \
exec wish "$0" "$@"
This approach has three advantages over the approach in the previous paragraph. First, the location
of the wish binary doesn't have to be hard-wired into the script: it can be anywhere in your shell
search path. Second, it gets around the 30-character file name limit in the previous approach.
Third, this approach will work even if wish is itself a shell script (this is done on some systems in
order to handle multiple architectures or operating systems: the wish script selects one of several
binaries to run). The three lines cause both sh and wish to process the script, but the exec is only
executed by sh. sh processes the script first; it treats the second line as a comment and executes
the third line. The exec statement cause the shell to stop processing and instead to start up wish
to reprocess the entire script. When wish starts up, it treats all three lines as comments, since
the backslash at the end of the second line causes the third line to be treated as part of the com-ment comment
ment on the second line.
The end of a script file may be marked either by the physical end of the medium, or by the character, |
'\032' ('\u001a', control-Z). If this character is present in the file, the wish application will |
read text up to but not including the character. An application that requires this character in the |
file may encode it as ``\032'', ``\x1a'', or ``\u001a''; or may generate it by use of commands such |
as format or binary.
PROMPTS
When wish is invoked interactively it normally prompts for each command with ``% ''. You can change
the prompt by setting the variables tcl_prompt1 and tcl_prompt2. If variable tcl_prompt1 exists then
it must consist of a Tcl script to output a prompt; instead of outputting a prompt wish will evalu-ate evaluate
ate the script in tcl_prompt1. The variable tcl_prompt2 is used in a similar way when a newline is
typed but the current command isn't yet complete; if tcl_prompt2 isn't set then no prompt is output
for incomplete commands.
KEYWORDS
shell, toolkit
Tk 8.0 wish(1)
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