ExtUtils::Embed(3pm) Perl Programmers Reference Guide ExtUtils::Embed(3pm)
NAME
ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
SYNOPSIS
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ccopts
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts
DESCRIPTION
ExtUtils::Embed provides utility functions for embedding a Perl interpreter and extensions in your
C/C++ applications. Typically, an application Makefile will invoke ExtUtils::Embed functions while
building your application.
@EXPORT
ExtUtils::Embed exports the following functions:
xsinit(), ldopts(), ccopts(), perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(),
xsi_body()
FUNCTIONS
xsinit()
Generate C/C++ code for the XS initializer function.
When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit --` the following options are recognized:
-o <output filename> (Defaults to perlxsi.c)
-o STDOUT will print to STDOUT.
-std (Write code for extensions that are linked with the current Perl.)
Any additional arguments are expected to be names of modules to generate code for.
When invoked with parameters the following are accepted and optional:
"xsinit($filename,$std,[@modules])"
Where,
$filename is equivalent to the -o option.
$std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.
[@modules] is an array ref, same as additional arguments mentioned above.
Examples
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c Socket
This will generate code with an xs_init function that glues the perl Socket::bootstrap function
to the C boot_Socket function and writes it to a file named xsinit.c.
Note that DynaLoader is a special case where it must call boot_DynaLoader directly.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit
This will generate code for linking with DynaLoader and each static extension found in $Con-fig{static_ext}. $Config{static_ext}.
fig{static_ext}. The code is written to the default file name perlxsi.c.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e xsinit -- -o xsinit.c -std DBI DBD::Oracle
Here, code is written for all the currently linked extensions along with code for DBI and
DBD::Oracle.
If you have a working DynaLoader then there is rarely any need to statically link in any other
extensions.
ldopts()
Output arguments for linking the Perl library and extensions to your application.
When invoked as `perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts --` the following options are recognized:
-std
Output arguments for linking the Perl library and any extensions linked with the current Perl.
-I <path1:path2
Search path for ModuleName.a archives. Default path is @INC. Library archives are expected to
be found as /some/path/auto/ModuleName/ModuleName.a For example, when looking for Socket.a rela-tive relative
tive to a search path, we should find auto/Socket/Socket.a
When looking for DBD::Oracle relative to a search path, we should find auto/DBD/Oracle/Oracle.a
Keep in mind that you can always supply /my/own/path/ModuleName.a as an additional linker argu-ment. argument.
ment.
-- <list of linker args>
Additional linker arguments to be considered.
Any additional arguments found before the -- token are expected to be names of modules to gener-ate generate
ate code for.
When invoked with parameters the following are accepted and optional:
"ldopts($std,[@modules],[@link_args],$path)"
Where:
$std is boolean, equivalent to the -std option.
[@modules] is equivalent to additional arguments found before the -- token.
[@link_args] is equivalent to arguments found after the -- token.
$path is equivalent to the -I option.
In addition, when ldopts is called with parameters, it will return the argument string rather
than print it to STDOUT.
Examples
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts
This will print arguments for linking with libperl.a, DynaLoader and extensions found in $Con-fig{static_ext}. $Config{static_ext}.
fig{static_ext}. This includes libraries found in $Config{libs} and the first ModuleName.a
library for each extension that is found by searching @INC or the path specified by the -I
option. In addition, when ModuleName.a is found, additional linker arguments are picked up from
the extralibs.ld file in the same directory.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Socket
This will do the same as the above example, along with printing additional arguments for linking
with the Socket extension.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- DynaLoader
This will print arguments for linking with just the DynaLoader extension and libperl.a.
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e ldopts -- -std Msql -- -L/usr/msql/lib -lmsql
Any arguments after the second '--' token are additional linker arguments that will be examined
for potential conflict. If there is no conflict, the additional arguments will be part of the
output.
perl_inc()
For including perl header files this function simply prints:
-I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE
So, rather than having to say:
perl -MConfig -e 'print "-I$Config{archlibexp}/CORE"'
Just say:
perl -MExtUtils::Embed -e perl_inc
ccflags(), ccdlflags()
These functions simply print $Config{ccflags} and $Config{ccdlflags}
ccopts()
This function combines perl_inc(), ccflags() and ccdlflags() into one.
xsi_header()
This function simply returns a string defining the same EXTERN_C macro as perlmain.c along with
#including perl.h and EXTERN.h.
xsi_protos(@modules)
This function returns a string of boot_$ModuleName prototypes for each @modules.
xsi_body(@modules)
This function returns a string of calls to nwS) that glue the module bootstrap function to
boot_ModuleName for each @modules.
xii( uses the xsi_* functions to generate most of its code.
EXAMPLES
For examples on how to use ExtUtils::Embed for building C/C++ applications with embedded perl, see
perlembed.
SEE ALSO
perlembed
AUTHOR
Doug MacEachern <dougm@osf.org>
Based on ideas from Tim Bunce <Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk> and minimod.pl by Andreas Koenig
<k@anna.in-berlin.de> and Tim Bunce.
perl v5.8.8 2001-09-21 ExtUtils::Embed(3pm)
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