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The Reference Library is a comprehensive collection of Apple technical resources, including Articles, Guides, Reference, Release Notes, Sample Code, Technical Notes, and Technical Q&As. Each of the links below leads to the resources for a specific topic.

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CGFunction Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a facility for defining and using callback functions.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
CGGamma (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to use CGDirectDisplay calls to manipulate display gamma tables.
Games, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-01-14
CGGeometry Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes structures and functions for manipulating points, rectangles, and sizes.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-01-06
CGGLContext Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a graphics context for OpenGL commands. Not recommended
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
CGGradient Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the functions that create and operate on Quartz gradient objects.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-05-01
CGImage Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a representation of an image.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-04-08
CGImageDestination Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type for writing image data.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-05-04
CGImageProperties Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes property constants for source and destination images.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-10-31
CGImageRef contents are immutable (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1276: Explains that CGImageRef contents are considered immutable once created.
Carbon, Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2003-07-17
CGImageSource Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type for reading image data.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-12-04
CGL Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes Apple's low level interface for OpenGL contexts.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-06-28
CGLayer Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type for creating and drawing to a Quartz layer.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
CGPath Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a vector-based path consisting of line and curve segments.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
CGPattern Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a representation of a fill pattern.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
CGPDFArray Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an array structure in a PDF document.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-10-15
CGPDFContentStream Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the appearance of a PDF page.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-10-15
CGPDFContext Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a Quartz PDF drawing destination.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-10-31
CGPDFDictionary Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a dictionary structure in a PDF document.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-10-15
CGPDFDocument Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a document containing PDF data.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
CGPDFObject Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a PDF object in a PDF document.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-10-15
CGPDFOperatorTable Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a collection of PDF operators and associated callback functions.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-03-04
CGPDFPage Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a page in a PDF document.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-04-08
CGPDFScanner Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an opaque type for parsing a PDF content stream.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-10-15
CGPDFStream Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a PDF data stream, which typically represents an image or a page description.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-10-15
CGPDFString Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a character string in a PDF document.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2008-10-15
CGPSConverter Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an opaque type for converting PostScript data to PDF data.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
CGShading Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a gradient fill pattern.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-22
Changing the configuration variable in Open Firmware (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
HW40: Tells how to change the configuration variable in Open Firmware.
Hardware & Drivers Technical Q&As 1999-02-15
Changing the TCP Window Size (HTML)
NW47: Describes how to change the TCP window size in Open Transport.
Carbon, Cocoa, Core Foundation, Games, Hardware & Drivers, Internet & Web, Networking, Performance, Tools Technical Q&As 1997-03-14
Changing the volume of audio devices (HTML)
QA1016: Demonstrates volume controls for audio devices
Audio, Carbon Technical Q&As 2006-05-02
CheckExecutableArchitecture (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Determine whether a particular Mach-O executable contains a version suitable for executing on a given processor architecture.
Carbon, Cocoa, Core Foundation, Darwin Sample Code 2006-02-07
Checking For Presence of QuickTime 3 for Windows (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QTW88: Programatically checking for the presence of QuickTime 3 for Windows.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 1998-09-21
Checking for the Printer Driver (HTML)
Deprecated - DV42: Describes a legacy Mac OS technique avoiding system hangs when using serial drivers on USB systems.
Hardware & Drivers, Printing Technical Q&As 2000-06-19
Checkout Lets You 'Get a Mac, Start a Store': Madebysofa Does It with Python and Cocoa (HTML)
Success story on how Mac-only Checkout was built using Python and Cocoa.
Cocoa, Hardware & Drivers, Scripting & Automation Articles 2007-07-10
ChooseMovieClock and Video Output Components (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2052: Discusses the ChooseMovieClock API introduced in QuickTime 6.
QuickTime Technical Notes 2002-05-07
Choosing the Position Where a Movie is Pasted (HTML)
QTMTB26: Explains how the position of a pasted movie is determined and shows how to force a given location.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 1995-05-01
The "chosen" node in the device tree (HTML)
HW88: Describes how to find the "chosen" node in the Open firmware device tree.
Core Foundation, Darwin, Hardware & Drivers, Internet & Web, Mac OS X Server, Networking Technical Q&As 2000-09-05
ChromaKeyMovie (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates alternative approaches to removing a color from a QuickTime movie.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
CIAnnotation (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Image annotation application using Core Image Filters. Demonstrates creation and usage of Image Units.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2005-08-01
CIColor Additions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes additions to support Cocoa color information.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-05-23
CIColor Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to manage color values and color spaces for Core Image filters.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-05
CIColorTracking (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
An Objective-C applicaton that implements a GPU-based technique to find the location of a uniquely colored object in a scene
Carbon, Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2008-04-24
CIContext Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that provides an evaluation context for rendering a Core Image image through Quartz 2D or OpenGL.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-03-16
CIFilter Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that processes image data and produces a Core Image image as output.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-12-11
CIFilter Core Animation Additions (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the category that extends Core Image filters for use with Layer Kit.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-07-24
CIFilter Image Kit Additions (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the category that extends Core Image filters for use with Image Kit.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-06
CIFilterGenerator Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that supports chaining together image processing filters.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-05
CIFilterShape Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that defines the bounding shape of a filter and the domain of definition of a filter operation.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-07
CIImage Additions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes additions for manipulating Cocoa images.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-06-08
CIImage Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that represents an immutable Core Image image.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-10-31
CIImageAccumulator Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that enables feedback-based image processing.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-01-05
CIImageProvider Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the informal protocol used to supply bitmap data for creating or initializing a Core Image image.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-05
CIKernel Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that operates on individual pixels using a kernel routine.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-05
CIPlugIn Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that is responsible for loading image units.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-05
CIPlugInRegistration Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the protocol used to load Core Image image units.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-07
CISampler Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that retrieves samples of images that are then processed by a Core Image kernel.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-07
CITransitionSelectorSample2 (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Showing all available Core Image transitions in a scrollable NSOpenGLView
Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2006-09-18
CIVector Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to pass parameter values to Core Image filters.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-12-07
CIVideoDemoGL (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
CIVideoDemoGL demonstrates using Core Image with QuickTime and Core Video
Graphics & Imaging, QuickTime Sample Code 2007-10-03
Clearing mDNSResponder's cached records (HTML)
QA1310: Clearing the Bonjour service cache (mDNSResponder's cached records) for testing purposes.
Hardware & Drivers, Networking Technical Q&As 2004-02-11
Clickable Static Text Item (HTML)
QA1380: Explains how to make a static text item respond to clicks
Carbon, User Experience Technical Q&As 2004-10-05
Clock Control (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates creating a custom control by creating a clock control, implemented as a subclass of NSControl and NSCell.
Cocoa Sample Code 2003-02-25
ClockView (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
An HIView sample that uses the HIFramework to implement a scalable analog clock.
Carbon Sample Code 2003-01-30
ClosedCaptionImporter (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
QuickTime Movie Import Component for Scenarist Closed Caption files.
QuickTime Sample Code 2007-11-15
Closing the Connection: OpenTransport (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - NW20: Describes an orderly disconnect situation in Open Transport between two nodes.
Carbon, Networking Technical Q&As 1996-03-04
Coalesced Updates (HTML)
TN2133: How to achieve the maxium frame rate in your Mac OS X application
Carbon, Games, Graphics & Imaging, Performance Technical Notes 2006-01-20
Cocoa - SGDataProc (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Uses a Sequence Grabber data function and an NSQuickDrawView to simulate a preview operation for captured video.
Cocoa, QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
Cocoa and AppleScript: From Top to Bottom (HTML)
Learn how to activate AppleScript in your application so that users can create scripts.
Cocoa, Scripting & Automation Articles 2004-08-23
Cocoa Application Tutorial (HTML) (PDF)
Describes how to build a simple Cocoa application using Xcode.
Cocoa, Tools Guides 2007-10-31
Cocoa Application Tutorial Using Bindings (HTML) (PDF)
A hands-on introduction to Cocoa bindings.
Cocoa, Tools Guides 2007-07-10
Cocoa Bindings Programming Topics (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to rapidly develop sophisticated user interfaces using Cocoa binding technology.
Cocoa Guides 2009-03-08
Cocoa Bindings Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the exposed bindings of Cocoa classes.
Cocoa Reference 2007-10-31
Cocoa CG aliasing demo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to draw both aliased and anti-aliased text and graphics using Quartz and Cocoa.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-07-17
Cocoa CG arc demo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to draw both aliased and anti-aliased arcs using Quartz and Cocoa.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-07-17
Cocoa Drawing Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa to draw your application's user interface.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Guides 2009-01-06
Cocoa Event-Handling Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces event mechanisms and the types of events in Cocoa and describes how to handle events of each type.
Cocoa Guides 2009-02-04
Cocoa Fundamentals Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the basic concepts, terminology, architectures, and design patterns of the Cocoa frameworks and development environment.
Cocoa, Mac OS X Guides 2008-11-19
Cocoa OpenGL (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates using Cocoa with OpenGL, including window setup and event handling.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging, Hardware & Drivers, Performance Sample Code 2007-10-22
Cocoa PDE with Carbon Printing (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Application that uses a Cocoa PDE along with the Carbon Printing APIs.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging, Printing, User Experience Sample Code 2007-07-27
Cocoa Performance Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Guidelines for improving the performance of Cocoa applications.
Cocoa, Performance Guides 2005-08-11
Cocoa Scripting Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to create scriptable Cocoa applications that use the scripting definition (sdef) format.
Cocoa, Scripting & Automation Guides 2008-03-11
Cocoa_With_Carbon_or_CPP (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to call Carbon routines and C++ code from within an Objective-C Cocoa program.
Carbon, Cocoa Sample Code 2007-02-05
CocoaCreateMovie (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to create a QuickTime movie from a set of Cocoa JPEG NSImage objects.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
CocoaDragAndDrop (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Implement Drag-and-Drop functionality in Cocoa (uses images; can be extended to support other data types).
Cocoa Sample Code 2003-01-14
CocoaDVDPlayer (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to use DVD Playback Services to play DVD-Video media.
Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2005-11-04
CocoaEcho (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Cocoa example code showing how to write a simple client and server using NSStream.
Cocoa Sample Code 2005-06-01
CocoaHTTPServer (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
A Cocoa example showing how to write a very basic HTTP service.
Cocoa, Networking Sample Code 2005-06-01
CocoaInCarbon (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates using Cocoa GUI code in a Carbon application.
Carbon, Cocoa Sample Code 2005-10-04
CocoaPeoplePicker (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to use the AddressBook framework's ABPeoplePickerView.
Apple Applications, Cocoa Sample Code 2003-12-11
CocoaSlides (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
An image browser written using AppKit's Core Animation-based compositing and animation functionality
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2007-11-02
CocoaSOAP (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates implementing a SOAP client and server in Cocoa.
Cocoa Sample Code 2005-06-06
CocoaSpeechSynthesisExample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to use the Carbon Speech Synthesis API from within a Mac OS X Cocoa application.
Games, User Experience Sample Code 2007-03-23
CocoaVideoFrameToGWorld (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to draw each frame of a QuickTime movie into a Cocoa NSQuickDrawView.
Cocoa, QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
CocoaVideoFrameToNSImage (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to create an NSImage for each frame of a QuickTime movie.
Cocoa, QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
Code Fragment Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for loading and preparing PEF binaries.
Carbon Reference 2005-07-07
Code Loading Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how Cocoa applications can dynamically load code during execution.
Cocoa Guides 2007-08-10
Code Signing Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how you can sign your code and why you should.
Carbon, Cocoa, Darwin, Hardware & Drivers, Internet & Web, Java, Mac OS X Server, Networking, Open Source, Security, Tools Guides 2008-11-19
Code Signing Release Notes (HTML)
Carbon, Cocoa, Darwin, Hardware & Drivers, Internet & Web, Java, Mac OS X Server, Networking, Open Source, Security Release Notes 2007-10-31
Code Size Performance Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Guidelines for reducing the size of an application binary.
Carbon, Cocoa, Performance, Tools Guides 2006-06-28
Code Speed Performance Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Guidelines for improving the performance and efficiency of code.
Carbon, Cocoa, Core Foundation, Performance, Tools Guides 2005-07-07