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CFBundle Reference

Overview

CFBundle allows you to use a folder hierarchy called a bundle to organize and locate many types of application resources including images, sounds, localized strings, and executable code. In Mac OS X, bundles can also be used by CFM applications to load and execute functions from Mach-O frameworks. You can use bundles to support multiple languages or execute your application on multiple operating environments.

You create a bundle object using one of the CFBundleCreate... functions. CFBundle provides several functions for finding resources within a bundle. The CFBundleCopyResourceURL function returns the location of a resource of the specified name and type, and in the specified subdirectory. Use CFBundleCopyResourceURLForLocalization to restrict the search to a specific localization name. Use CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfType to get the locations of all resources of a specified type.

CFBundle provides functions for getting bundle information, such as its identifier and information dictionary. Use the CFBundleGetIdentifier function to get the identifier of a bundle, and the CFBundleGetInfoDictionary function to get its information dictionary. The principal intended purpose for locating bundles by identifier is so that code (in frameworks, plugins, etc.) can find its own bundle.

You can also obtain locations of subdirectories in a bundle represented as CFURL objects. The CFBundleCopyExecutableURL function returns the location of the application’s executable. The functions CFBundleCopyResourceURL, CFBundleCopySharedFrameworksURL, CFBundleCopyPrivateFrameworksURL, CFBundleCopySharedSupportURL, and CFBundleCopyBuiltInPlugInsURL return the location of a bundle’s subdirectory containing resources, shared frameworks, private frameworks, shared support files, and plug-ins respectively.

Other functions are used to manage localizations. The CFBundleCopyLocalizedString and CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForURL functions return a localized string from a bundle’s strings file. The CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForPreferences function returns the localizations that CFBundle would prefer, given the specified bundle and user preference localizations.

Unlike some other Core Foundation opaque types with similar Cocoa Foundation names (such as CFString and NSString), NSBundle objects cannot be cast (“toll-free bridged”) to CFBundle objects.

Unlike NSBundle, which does not support unloading (because the Objective C runtime does not support the unloading of Objective C code), you can unload CFBundle objects.

CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName and related calls automatically load a bundle if it is not already loaded. When the last reference to the CFBundle object is released and it is finally deallocated, then the code will be unloaded if it is still loaded and if the executable is of a type that supports unloading. If you keep this in mind, and if you make sure that everything that uses the bundle keeps a retain on the CFBundle object, then you can just use the bundle naturally and never have to worry about when it is loaded and unloaded.

On the other hand, if you want to manually manage when the bundle is loaded and unloaded, then you can use CFBundleLoadExecutable and CFBundleUnloadExecutable—although this technique is not recommended. These functions force immediate loading and unloading of the executable (if it has not already been loaded/unloaded, and in the case of unloading if the executable is of a type that supports unloading). If you do this, then the code calling CFBundleUnloadExecutable is responsible for making sure that there are no remaining references to anything in the bundle's code before it is unloaded. In the previous approach, by contrast, this responsibility can be distributed to the individual code sections that use the bundle, by making sure that each one keeps its own retain on the CFBundle object.

One further point about CFBundle reference counting: if you are taking the first approach, but do not actually wish the bundle's code to be unloaded (as is often the case), or if you are taking the second approach of manually managing the unloading yourself, then in many cases you do not actually have to worry about releasing a CFBundle object. CFBundle instances are uniqued, so there is only one CFBundle object for a given bundle, and rarely are there so many bundles being considered at once that the memory usage for CFBundle objects would be significant. There are cases in which a process could create CFBundle objects for potentially an unlimited number of bundles, and such processes would wish to balance retains and releases carefully, but such cases are likely to be rare.

Note that it is best to compile any unloadable bundles with the flag -fno-constant-cfstrings—see Bundle Programming Guide for more details.

Functions by Task

Creating and Accessing Bundles

• CFBundleCreate
• CFBundleCreateBundlesFromDirectory
• CFBundleGetAllBundles
• CFBundleGetBundleWithIdentifier
• CFBundleGetMainBundle

Loading and Unloading a Bundle

• CFBundleIsExecutableLoaded
• CFBundlePreflightExecutable
• CFBundleLoadExecutable
• CFBundleLoadExecutableAndReturnError
• CFBundleUnloadExecutable

Finding Locations in a Bundle

• CFBundleCopyAuxiliaryExecutableURL
• CFBundleCopyBuiltInPlugInsURL
• CFBundleCopyExecutableURL
• CFBundleCopyPrivateFrameworksURL
• CFBundleCopyResourcesDirectoryURL
• CFBundleCopySharedFrameworksURL
• CFBundleCopySharedSupportURL
• CFBundleCopySupportFilesDirectoryURL

Locating Bundle Resources

• CFBundleCloseBundleResourceMap
• CFBundleCopyResourceURL
• CFBundleCopyResourceURLInDirectory
• CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfType
• CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfTypeInDirectory
• CFBundleCopyResourceURLForLocalization
• CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfTypeForLocalization
• CFBundleOpenBundleResourceFiles
• CFBundleOpenBundleResourceMap

Managing Localizations

• CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations
• CFBundleCopyLocalizedString
• CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForPreferences
• CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForURL
• CFBundleCopyPreferredLocalizationsFromArray
• CFCopyLocalizedString
• CFCopyLocalizedStringFromTable
• CFCopyLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle
• CFCopyLocalizedStringWithDefaultValue

Managing Executable Code

• CFBundleGetDataPointerForName
• CFBundleGetDataPointersForNames
• CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName
• CFBundleGetFunctionPointersForNames
• CFBundleGetPlugIn

Getting Bundle Properties

• CFBundleCopyBundleURL
• CFBundleGetDevelopmentRegion
• CFBundleGetIdentifier
• CFBundleGetInfoDictionary
• CFBundleGetLocalInfoDictionary
• CFBundleGetValueForInfoDictionaryKey
• CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryInDirectory
• CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryForURL
• CFBundleGetPackageInfo
• CFBundleGetPackageInfoInDirectory
• CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitectures
• CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitecturesForURL
• CFBundleGetVersionNumber

Getting the CFBundle Type ID

• CFBundleGetTypeID

Functions

CFBundleCloseBundleResourceMap

Closes an open resource map for a bundle.

void CFBundleCloseBundleResourceMap (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFBundleRefNum refNum
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle whose resource map is referenced by refNum.

refNum

The reference number for a resource map to close.

Discussion

You open a resource map using either CFBundleOpenBundleResourceFiles or CFBundleOpenBundleResourceMap.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyAuxiliaryExecutableURL

Returns the location of a bundle’s auxiliary executable code.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyAuxiliaryExecutableURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef executableName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

executableName

The name of bundle’s auxiliary executable code.

Return Value

The URL location of the specified bundle’s auxiliary executable code, or NULL if it could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This function can be used to find executables other than your main executable. This is useful, for instance, for applications that have some command line tool that is packaged with and used by the application. The tool can be packaged in the various platform executable directories in the bundle and can be located with this function. This allows an application to ship versions of the tool for each platform as it does for the main application executable.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• BackgroundExporter
• BSDLLCTest
• MoreIsBetter
• QISA

Declared In

CFBundleCopyBuiltInPlugInsURL

Returns the location of a bundle’s built in plug-in.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyBuiltInPlugInsURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of bundle’s built in plug-ins, or NULL if it could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• BasicPlugIn
• PDEProject
• QISA

Declared In

CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations

Returns an array containing a bundle’s localizations.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

An array containing bundle’s localizations. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

The array returned by this function is typically passed as a parameter to either the CFBundleCopyPreferredLocalizationsFromArray or CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForPreferences function.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyBundleURL

Returns the location of a bundle.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyBundleURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of bundle, or NULL if the specified bundle does not exist. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• GrabBag
• HID Utilities Source
• QISA
• simpleJavaLauncher

Declared In

CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitectures

Returns an array of CFNumbers representing the architectures a given bundle provides.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitectures (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

If the bundle's executable exists and is a Mach-o file, returns an array of CFNumbers whose values are integers representing the architectures the file provides. Possible values are listed in “Architecture Types.” If the executable is not a Mach-o file, returns NULL. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

See Also

• CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitecturesForURL

Declared In

CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitecturesForURL

Returns an array of CFNumbers representing the architectures a given URL provides.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitecturesForURL (
   CFURLRef url
);

Parameters

url

The URL to examine.

Return Value

For a directory URL, if the bundle's executable exists and is a Mach-o file, returns an array of CFNumbers whose values are integers representing the architectures the URL provides. For a plain file URL representing an unbundled executable, returns the architectures it provides if it is a Mach-o file. Possible values are listed in “Architecture Types.” If there is no bundle executable or if the executable is not a Mach-o file, returns NULL. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

For a directory URL, this is equivalent to calling CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitectures on the corresponding bundle.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

See Also

• CFBundleCopyExecutableArchitectures

Declared In

CFBundleCopyExecutableURL

Returns the location of a bundle’s main executable code.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyExecutableURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of bundle’s executable code, or NULL if none is found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• CheckExecutableArchitecture
• MemoryBasedBundle

Declared In

CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryForURL

Returns the information dictionary for a given URL location.

CFDictionaryRef CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryForURL (
   CFURLRef url
);

Parameters

url

A CFURL object describing the location of a file.

Return Value

A CFDictionary object containing url’s information dictionary. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

For a directory URL, this is equivalent to CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryInDirectory. For a plain file URL representing an unbundled application, this function will attempt to read an information dictionary either from the (__TEXT, __info_plist) section of the file (for a Mach-o file) or from a plst resource.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.2 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryInDirectory

Returns a bundle’s information dictionary.

CFDictionaryRef CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryInDirectory (
   CFURLRef bundleURL
);

Parameters

bundleURL

A CFURL object describing the location of a bundle.

Return Value

A CFDictionary object containing the information dictionary for a bundle located at bundleURL. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This function provides a means to obtain an information dictionary for a bundle without first creating a CFBundle object.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForPreferences

Given an array of possible localizations and preferred locations, returns the one or more of them that CFBundle would use, without reference to the current application context.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForPreferences (
   CFArrayRef locArray,
   CFArrayRef prefArray
);

Parameters

locArray

An array of possible localizations to search.

prefArray

An array of preferred localizations. If NULL, the user’s actual preferred localizations will be used.

Return Value

An array containing the localizations that CFBundle would use. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This is not the same as CFBundleCopyPreferredLocalizationsFromArray, because that function takes the current application context into account. To determine the localizations that another application would use, apply this function to the result of CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.2 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForURL

Returns an array containing the localizations for a bundle or executable at a particular location.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyLocalizationsForURL (
   CFURLRef url
);

Parameters

url

The location of a bundle’s localizations.

Return Value

An array containing the localizations available at url. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

For a directory URL, this is equivalent to calling the CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations function on the corresponding bundle. For a plain file URL representing an unbundled application, this will attempt to determine its localizations using the kCFBundleLocalizationsKey and kCFBundleDevelopmentRegionKey keys in the dictionary returned by CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryForURL, or a vers resource if those are not present.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.2 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyLocalizedString

Returns a localized string from a bundle’s strings file.

CFStringRef CFBundleCopyLocalizedString (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef key,
   CFStringRef value,
   CFStringRef tableName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

key

The key for the localized string to retrieve. This key will be used to look up the localized string in the strings file. Typically the key is identical to the value of the localized string in the development language.

value

A default value to return if no value exists for key.

tableName

The name of the strings file to search. The name should not include the strings filename extension. The case of the string must match that of the file name, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names

Return Value

A CFString object that contains the localized string. If no value exists for key, returns value unless value is NULL or an empty string, in which case key is returned instead. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This is the base function from which the other localized string macros are derived. In general you should not use this function because the genstrings development tool only recognizes the macro version of this call when generating strings files. See CFCopyLocalizedString for details on how to use these macros.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• MoreSCF
• QISA

Declared In

CFBundleCopyPreferredLocalizationsFromArray

Given an array of possible localizations, returns the one or more of them that CFBundle would use in the current application context.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyPreferredLocalizationsFromArray (
   CFArrayRef locArray
);

Parameters

locArray

An array of possible localizations.

Return Value

A subset of locArray that CFBundle would use in the current application context. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

You can obtain locArray using the CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations function.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyPrivateFrameworksURL

Returns the location of a bundle’s private Frameworks directory.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyPrivateFrameworksURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of bundle’s private frameworks directory, or NULL if it could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• SpellingChecker CarbonCocoa Bundled
• SpellingChecker-CarbonCocoa

Declared In

CFBundleCopyResourcesDirectoryURL

Returns the location of a bundle’s Resources directory.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyResourcesDirectoryURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of bundle’s resources directory, or NULL if it could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

In general, you should never need to use this function. Use CFBundleCopyResourceURL and similar functions instead.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

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• FileNotification
• PBORenderToVertexArray

Declared In

CFBundleCopyResourceURL

Returns the location of a resource contained in the specified bundle.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyResourceURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef resourceName,
   CFStringRef resourceType,
   CFStringRef subDirName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

resourceName

The name of the requested resource.

resourceType

The abstract type of the requested resource. The type is expressed as a filename extension, such as jpg. Pass NULL if you don’t need to search by type.

subDirName

The name of the subdirectory of the bundle’s resources directory to search. Pass NULL to search the standard CFBundle resource locations.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of the requested resource, or NULL if the resource cannot be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

For example, if a bundle contains a subdirectory WaterSounds that includes a file Water1.aiff, you can retrieve the URL for the file using:

CFBundleCopyResourceURL(bundle, CFSTR("Water1"), CFSTR("aiff"), CFSTR("WaterSounds"));

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• CoreTextTest
• HID Utilities Source
• QISA
• QuartzCache
• SampleDS

Declared In

CFBundleCopyResourceURLForLocalization

Returns the location of a localized resource in a bundle.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyResourceURLForLocalization (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef resourceName,
   CFStringRef resourceType,
   CFStringRef subDirName,
   CFStringRef localizationName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

resourceName

The name of the requested resource.

resourceType

The abstract type of the resource to locate. The type is expressed as a filename extension, such as jpg.

subDirName

The name of the subdirectory of the bundle’s resources directory to search. Pass NULL to search the standard CFBundle resource locations.

localizationName

The name of the localization. This value should correspond to the name of one of the bundle's language-specific resource directories without the .lproj extension. (This parameter is treated literally: If you pass "de", the function will not match resources in a German.lproj directory in the bundle.)

Return Value

The location of a localized resource in bundle, or NULL if the resource could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

Note that file names are case-sensitive, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names.

You should typically have little reason to use this function (see Getting the Current Language and Locale)—CFBundle’s interfaces automatically apply the user’s preferences to determine which localized resource files to return in response to a programmatic request. See also CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations for how to determine what localizations are available

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyResourceURLInDirectory

Returns the location of a resource contained in the specified bundle directory without requiring the creation of a CFBundle object.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopyResourceURLInDirectory (
   CFURLRef bundleURL,
   CFStringRef resourceName,
   CFStringRef resourceType,
   CFStringRef subDirName
);

Parameters

bundleURL

The bundle to examine.

resourceName

The name of the requested resource.

resourceType

The abstract type of the requested resource. The type is expressed as a filename extension, such as jpg. Pass NULL if you don’t need to search by type.

subDirName

The name of the subdirectory of the bundle’s resources directory to search. Pass NULL to search the standard CFBundle resource locations.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of the requested resource, or NULL if the resource cannot be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This function provides a means to obtain package information for a bundle without first creating a bundle. However, since CFBundle objects cache search results, it is faster to create a CFBundle object if you need to repeatedly access resources.

Note that searches are case-sensitive, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfType

Assembles an array of URLs specifying all of the resources of the specified type found in a bundle.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfType (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef resourceType,
   CFStringRef subDirName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

resourceType

The abstract type of the resources to locate. The type is expressed as a filename extension, such as jpg.

subDirName

The name of the subdirectory of the bundle’s resources directory to search. Pass NULL to search the standard CFBundle resource locations.

Return Value

A CFArray object containing CFURL objects of the requested resources. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

Note that searches are case-sensitive, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• Carbon Porting Tutorial

Declared In

CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfTypeForLocalization

Returns an array containing copies of the URL locations for a specified bundle, resource, and localization name.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfTypeForLocalization (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef resourceType,
   CFStringRef subDirName,
   CFStringRef localizationName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

resourceType

The abstract type of the resources to locate. The type is expressed as a filename extension, such as jpg.

subDirName

The name of the subdirectory of the bundle’s Resources directory to search. Pass NULL to search the standard CFBundle resource locations.

localizationName

The name of the localization. This value should correspond to the name of one of the bundle's language-specific resource directories without the .lproj extension. (This parameter is treated literally: If you pass "de", the function will not match resources in a German.lproj directory in the bundle.)

Return Value

A CFArray object containing copies of the requested locations. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

Note that file names are case-sensitive, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names.

You should typically have little reason to use this function (see Getting the Current Language and Locale)—CFBundle’s interfaces automatically apply the user’s preferences to determine which localized resource files to return in response to a programmatic request. See also CFBundleCopyBundleLocalizations for how to determine what localizations are available

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfTypeInDirectory

Returns an array of CFURL objects describing the locations of all resources in a bundle of the specified type without needing to create a CFBundle object.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCopyResourceURLsOfTypeInDirectory (
   CFURLRef bundleURL,
   CFStringRef resourceType,
   CFStringRef subDirName
);

Parameters

bundleURL

The location of a bundle to examine.

resourceType

The abstract type of the resources to locate. The type is expressed as a filename extension, such as jpg.

subDirName

The name of the subdirectory of the bundle’s resources directory to search. Pass NULL to search the standard CFBundle resource locations.

Return Value

A CFArray object containing the CFURL objects of the requested resources. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This function provides a means to obtain an array containing the locations of all of the requested resources without first creating a CFBundle object. However, since CFBundle objects cache search results, it is faster to create a CFBundle object if you need to repeatedly access resources.

Note that file names are case-sensitive, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopySharedFrameworksURL

Returns the location of a bundle’s shared frameworks directory.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopySharedFrameworksURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFURL object containing the location of bundle’s shared frameworks directory, or NULL if it could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCopySharedSupportURL

Returns the location of a bundle’s shared support files directory.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopySharedSupportURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFURL object containing the location of bundle’s shared support files directory, or NULL if it could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

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Declared In

CFBundleCopySupportFilesDirectoryURL

Returns the location of the bundle’s support files directory.

CFURLRef CFBundleCopySupportFilesDirectoryURL (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The CFBundle object whose support files directory you want to locate.

Return Value

A CFURL object describing the location of the bundle’s support files directory, or NULL if it could not be found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

In general, you should never need to use this function. Use CFBundleCopyResourceURL and similar functions instead.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleCreate

Creates a CFBundle object.

CFBundleRef CFBundleCreate (
   CFAllocatorRef allocator,
   CFURLRef bundleURL
);

Parameters

allocator

The allocator to use to allocate memory for the new object. Pass NULL or kCFAllocatorDefault to use the current default allocator.

bundleURL

The location of the bundle for which to create a CFBundle object.

Return Value

A CFBundle object created from the bundle at bundleURL. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Returns NULL if there was a memory allocation problem. May return an existing CFBundle object with the reference count incremented. May return NULL if the bundle doesn’t exist at bundleURL (see Discussion).

Discussion

Once a bundle has been created, it is cached; the bundle cache is flushed only periodically. CFBundleCreate does not check that a cached bundle still exists in the filesystem. If a bundle is deleted from the filesystem, it is therefore possible for CFBundleCreate to return a cached bundle that has actually been deleted.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• MemoryBasedBundle
• MoreIsBetter
• QISA
• SpellingChecker CarbonCocoa Bundled
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Declared In

CFBundleCreateBundlesFromDirectory

Searches a directory and constructs an array of CFBundle objects from all valid bundles in the specified directory.

CFArrayRef CFBundleCreateBundlesFromDirectory (
   CFAllocatorRef allocator,
   CFURLRef directoryURL,
   CFStringRef bundleType
);

Parameters

allocator

The allocator to use to allocate memory for the new object. Pass NULL or kCFAllocatorDefault to use the current default allocator.

directoryURL

The location of the directory to search for valid bundles.

bundleType

The abstract type of the bundles to locate and create. The type is expressed as a filename extension, such as bundle. Pass NULL to create CFBundle objects for bundles of any type.

Return Value

A CFArray object containing CFBundle objects created from the contents of the specified directory. Returns an empty array if no bundles exist at directoryURL, and NULL if there was a memory allocation problem. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

The array returned by this function will not contain stale CFBundle references.

Special Considerations

The Create Rule applies both to the array returned and to the bundles in the array. In order to properly dispose of the returned value, you must release the array and any bundles returned in the array.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetAllBundles

Returns an array containing all of the bundles currently open in the application.

CFArrayRef CFBundleGetAllBundles (
   void
);

Return Value

A CFArray object containing CFBundle objects for each open bundle in the application. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Discussion

This function is potentially expensive, so use with care.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetBundleWithIdentifier

Locate a bundle given its program-defined identifier.

CFBundleRef CFBundleGetBundleWithIdentifier (
   CFStringRef bundleID
);

Parameters

bundleID

The identifier of the bundle to locate. Note that identifier names are case-sensitive.

Return Value

A CFBundle object, or NULL if the bundle was not found. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Discussion

For a bundle to be located using its identifier, the bundle object must have already been created. The principal intended purpose for locating bundles by identifier is so that code (in frameworks, plugins, etc.) can find its own bundle. If a bundle is created, then the bundle deleted from the filesystem and this function invoked afterwards, it will still return the original bundle.

Bundle identifiers are created by entering a value for the key CFBundleIdentifier in the bundle’s Info.plist file.

To guarantee uniqueness, bundle identifiers take the form of Java style package names, such as com.MyCompany.MyApp.bundleName.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

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• QTPixelBufferVCToCGImage
• SampleCMPlugIn
• SampleDS

Declared In

CFBundleGetDataPointerForName

Returns a data pointer to a symbol of the given name.

void * CFBundleGetDataPointerForName (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef symbolName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

symbolName

The name of the symbol you are searching for.

Return Value

A data pointer to a symbol named symbolName in bundle, or NULL if symbolName cannot be found. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetDataPointersForNames

Returns a C array of data pointer to symbols of the given names.

void CFBundleGetDataPointersForNames (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFArrayRef symbolNames,
   void *stbl[]
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

symbolNames

A CFArray object containing CFString objects representing the symbol names to search for.

stbl

A C array into which this function stores the data pointers for the symbols specified in symbolNames. The array contains NULL for any names in symbolNames that cannot be found.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetDevelopmentRegion

Returns the bundle’s development region from the bundle’s information property list.

CFStringRef CFBundleGetDevelopmentRegion (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFString object containing the name of the bundle’s development region. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName

Returns a pointer to a function in a bundle’s executable code using the function name as the search key.

void * CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef functionName
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

functionName

The name of the function to locate.

Return Value

A pointer to a function in a bundle’s executable code, or NULL if functionName cannot be found. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Discussion

Calling this function will cause the bundle’s code to be loaded if necessary.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• PDEProject
• QISA
• SpellingChecker CarbonCocoa Bundled
• SpellingChecker-CarbonCocoa
• VideoProcessing

Declared In

CFBundleGetFunctionPointersForNames

Constructs a function table containing pointers to all of the functions found in a bundle’s main executable code.

void CFBundleGetFunctionPointersForNames (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFArrayRef functionNames,
   void *ftbl[]
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

functionNames

A CFArray object containing a list of the function names to locate.

ftbl

A C array into which this function stores the function pointers for the symbols specified in functionNames. The array contains NULL for any names in functionNames that cannot be found.

Discussion

Calling this function causes the bundle’s code to be loaded if necessary.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetIdentifier

Returns the bundle identifier from a bundle’s information property list.

CFStringRef CFBundleGetIdentifier (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFString object containing the bundle’s identifier, or NULL if none was specified in the information property list. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• CFPrefTopScores

Declared In

CFBundleGetInfoDictionary

Returns a bundle’s information dictionary.

CFDictionaryRef CFBundleGetInfoDictionary (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A CFDictionary object containing the data stored in the bundle’s information property list (the Info.plist file). This is a global information dictionary. CFBundle may add extra keys to this dictionary for its own use. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Discussion

You should typically use CFBundleGetValueForInfoDictionaryKey rather than retrieving values directly from the info dictionary because the function will return localized values if any are available. Use CFBundleGetInfoDictionary only if you know that the key you are interested in will not be localized.

To retrieve an info dictionary without creating a CFBundle object, see CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryInDirectory and CFBundleCopyInfoDictionaryForURL.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• BSDLLCTest

Declared In

CFBundleGetLocalInfoDictionary

Returns a bundle’s localized information dictionary.

CFDictionaryRef CFBundleGetLocalInfoDictionary (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

A dictionary containing the key-value pairs in bundle’s localized information dictionary (from the InfoPlist.strings file for the current locale). Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• VertexPerformanceTest

Declared In

CFBundleGetMainBundle

Returns an application’s main bundle.

CFBundleRef CFBundleGetMainBundle (
   void
);

Return Value

A CFBundle object representing the application’s main bundle, or NULL if it is not possible to create a bundle. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Discussion

CFBundle creates a main bundle whenever it possibly can, even for unbundled apps. There are a few situations in which it is not possible, so you should check the return value against NULL, but this happens only in exceptional circumstances.

For an explanation of the main bundle, see Locating and Opening Bundles in Bundle Programming Guide.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• BSDLLCTest
• Carbon Porting Tutorial
• HID Utilities Source
• MoreIsBetter
• QISA

Declared In

CFBundleGetPackageInfo

Returns a bundle’s package type and creator.

void CFBundleGetPackageInfo (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   UInt32 *packageType,
   UInt32 *packageCreator
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

packageType

On return, the four-letter Mac OS-style type code for the bundle. This is APPL for applications, FMWK for frameworks, and BNDL for generic bundles. Or a more specific type code for generic bundles.

packageCreator

On return, the four-letter Mac OS-style “creator” code for the bundle.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetPackageInfoInDirectory

Returns a bundle’s package type and creator without having to create a CFBundle object.

Boolean CFBundleGetPackageInfoInDirectory (
   CFURLRef url,
   UInt32 *packageType,
   UInt32 *packageCreator
);

Parameters

url

The location of a bundle.

packageType

On return, the four-letter Mac OS-style type code for the bundle. This is APPL for applications, FMWK for frameworks, and BNDL for generic bundles. Or a more specific type code for generic bundles.

packageCreator

On return, the four-letter Mac OS-style “creator” code for the bundle.

Return Value

true if the package type and creator were found, otherwise false.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetPlugIn

Returns a bundle’s plug-in.

CFPlugInRef CFBundleGetPlugIn (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

The plug-in for bundle. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetTypeID

Returns the type identifier for the CFBundle opaque type.

CFTypeID CFBundleGetTypeID (
   void
);

Return Value

The type identifier for the CFBundle opaque type.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleGetValueForInfoDictionaryKey

Returns a value (localized if possible) from a bundle’s information dictionary.

CFTypeRef CFBundleGetValueForInfoDictionaryKey (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef key
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

key

The key for the value to return.

Return Value

A value corresponding to key in bundle’s information dictionary. If available, a localized value is returned, otherwise the global value is returned. Ownership follows the Get Rule.

Discussion

You should use this function rather than retrieving values directly from the info dictionary (Info.plist) because CFBundleGetValueForInfoDictionaryKey returns localized values if any are available (from the InfoPlist.strings file for the current locale).

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• CFPreferences
• GrabBag
• PDEProject
• SampleCMPlugIn

Declared In

CFBundleGetVersionNumber

Returns a bundle’s version number.

UInt32 CFBundleGetVersionNumber (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine. The bundle’s version number can be number or a string of the standard form “2.5.3d5”.

Return Value

A Mac OS vers resource style version number. If the bundle’s version number is a number, it is interpreted as the unsigned long integer format defined by the vers resource on Mac OS 9. If it is a string, it is automatically converted to the numeric representation, where the major version number is restricted to 2 BCD digits (in other words, it must be in the range 0-99) and the minor and bug fix version numbers are each restricted to a single BCD digit (0-9). See Technical Note TN1132 for more details.

Discussion

This function is only supported for the Mac OS vers resource style version numbers. Where other version number styles—namely X, or X.Y, or X.Y.Z—are used, you can use CFBundleGetValueForInfoDictionaryKey with the key kCFBundleVersionKey to extract the version number as a string from the bundle’s information dictionary.

Some version numbers of the form X, X.Y, and X.Y.Z may work with this function, if X <= 99, Y <= 9, and Z <= 9. Thus a version number 76.5.4 will work, but 76.12 will not work.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• iTunesController

Declared In

CFBundleIsExecutableLoaded

Obtains information about the load status for a bundle’s main executable.

Boolean CFBundleIsExecutableLoaded (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

Return Value

true if bundle’s main executable has been loaded, otherwise false.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• VideoProcessing

Declared In

CFBundleLoadExecutable

Loads a bundle’s main executable code into memory and dynamically links it into the running application.

Boolean CFBundleLoadExecutable (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle whose main executable you want to load.

Return Value

true if the executable was successfully loaded, otherwise false.

Discussion

You should typically try to avoid using this function, but instead use CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName and related functions since these make memory management of the bundle easier.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• MoreIsBetter
• QISA
• SpellingChecker CarbonCocoa Bundled
• SpellingChecker-CarbonCocoa
• VideoProcessing

Declared In

CFBundleLoadExecutableAndReturnError

Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether a given bundle is loaded, attempting to load it if necessary.

Boolean CFBundleLoadExecutableAndReturnError (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFErrorRef *error
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

error

Upon return, if an error occurs contains a CFError that describes the problem. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Return Value

If bundle is already loaded, returns true. If bundle is not already loaded, attempts to load bundle; if that attempt succeeds returns true, otherwise returns false.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleOpenBundleResourceFiles

Opens the non-localized and localized resource files (if any) for a bundle in separate resource maps.

SInt32 CFBundleOpenBundleResourceFiles (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFBundleRefNum *refNum,
   CFBundleRefNum *localizedRefNum
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle whose resource map you want to open.

refNum

On return, the reference number of the non-localized resource map.

localizedRefNum

On return, the reference number of the localized resource map.

Return Value

An error code. The function returns 0 (noErr) if successful. If the bundle contains more than one resource file, the function returns an error code only if none was opened. The most common error is resFNotFound, but the function may also pass through other errors returned from the Resource Manager.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleOpenBundleResourceMap

Opens the non-localized and localized resource files (if any) for a bundle in a single resource map.

CFBundleRefNum CFBundleOpenBundleResourceMap (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle whose resource map you want to open.

Return Value

A distinct reference number for the resource map.

Discussion

Creates and makes current a single read-only resource map containing the non-localized and localized resource files. If this function is called multiple times, it opens the files multiple times and returns distinct reference numbers for each. Use CFBundleCloseBundleResourceMap to close a resource map.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• SampleDS

Declared In

CFBundlePreflightExecutable

Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether a given bundle is loaded or appears to be loadable.

Boolean CFBundlePreflightExecutable (
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFErrorRef *error
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle to examine.

error

Upon return, if an error occurs contains a CFError that describes the problem. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Return Value

true if bundle is loaded or upon inspection appears to be loadable, otherwise false.

Discussion

If this function returns true, this does not mean that the bundle is definitively loadable, since it may fail to load due to link errors or other problems not readily detectable.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleUnloadExecutable

Unloads the main executable for the specified bundle.

void CFBundleUnloadExecutable (
   CFBundleRef bundle
);

Parameters

bundle

The bundle whose main executable you want to unload.

Discussion

You should typically try to avoid using this function, but instead use CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName and related functions since these make management of the bundle easier (when the last reference to the CFBundle object is released, and it is finally deallocated, then the code will be unloaded if it is still loaded, and if the executable is of a type that supports unloading).

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• CFM_MachO_CFM
• HID Utilities Source

Declared In

CFCopyLocalizedString

Searches the default strings file Localizable.strings for the string associated with the specified key.

CFStringRef CFCopyLocalizedString (
   CFStringRef key,
   const char *comment
);

Parameters

key

The development language version of the string. This string is used as the search key to locate the localized version of the string.

comment

A comment to provide the translators with contextual information necessary for proper translation.

Return Value

The localized version of the requested string. Returns key if no value corresponding to key is found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This is a macro variant of CFBundleCopyLocalizedString for use with the genstrings tool.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• Cocoa PDE with Carbon Printing
• PDEProject
• QISA
• Quartz2DBasics
• TypeServicesForUnicode

Declared In

CFCopyLocalizedStringFromTable

Searches the specified strings file for the string associated with the specified key.

CFStringRef CFCopyLocalizedStringFromTable (
   CFStringRef key,
   CFStringRef tableName,
   const char *comment
);

Parameters

key

The development language version of the string. This string is used as the search key to locate the localized version of the string.

tableName

The name of the strings file to search. The name should not include the strings filename extension. The case of the string must match that of the file name, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names

comment

A comment to provide the translators with contextual information necessary for proper translation.

Return Value

The localized version of the requested string, or key if no value corresponding to key is found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This is a macro variant of CFBundleCopyLocalizedString for use with the genstrings tool.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFCopyLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle

Returns a localized version of the specified string.

CFStringRef CFCopyLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle (
   CFStringRef key,
   CFStringRef tableName,
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   const char *comment
);

Parameters

key

The development language version of the string. This string is used as the search key to locate the localized version of the string.

tableName

The name of the strings file to search. The name should not include the strings filename extension. The case of the string must match that of the file name, even on file systems (such as HFS+) that are not case sensitive with regards to file names

bundle

The bundle to examine.

comment

A comment to provide the translators with contextual information necessary for proper translation.

Return Value

The localized version of the requested string, or key if no value corresponding to key is found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This is a macro variant of CFBundleCopyLocalizedString for use with the genstrings tool.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Related Sample Code

• Carbon Porting Tutorial
• PDEProject

Declared In

CFCopyLocalizedStringWithDefaultValue

Returns a localized version of a localization string.

CFStringRef CFCopyLocalizedStringWithDefaultValue (
   CFStringRef key,
   CFStringRef tableName,
   CFBundleRef bundle,
   CFStringRef value,
   const char *comment
);

Parameters

key

The development language version of the string. This string is used as the search key to locate the localized version of the string.

tableName

The name of the strings file to search. The name should not include the strings filename extension.

bundle

The bundle to examine.

value

The default value for the requested localization string.

comment

A comment to provide the translators with contextual information necessary for proper translation.

Return Value

The localized version of the requested string, or key if no value corresponding to key is found. Ownership follows the Create Rule.

Discussion

This is a macro variant of CFBundleCopyLocalizedString for use with the genstrings tool.

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.2 and later.

Declared In

Data Types

CFBundleRef

A reference to a CFBundle object.

typedef struct __CFBundle *CFBundleRef;

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared In

CFBundleRefNum

Type that identifies a distinct reference number for a resource map.

#if __LP64__
typedef int CFBundleRefNum;
#else /* __LP64__ */
typedef SInt16 CFBundleRefNum;
#endif /* __LP64__ */

Availability

• Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

Declared In

Constants

Information Property List Keys

Standard keys found in a bundle’s information property list file.

const CFStringRef kCFBundleInfoDictionaryVersionKey;
const CFStringRef kCFBundleExecutableKey;
const CFStringRef kCFBundleIdentifierKey;
const CFStringRef kCFBundleVersionKey;
const CFStringRef kCFBundleDevelopmentRegionKey;
const CFStringRef kCFBundleNameKey;
const CFStringRef kCFBundleLocalizationsKey;

Constants

kCFBundleInfoDictionaryVersionKey

The version of the information property list format.

Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleExecutableKey

The name of the executable in this bundle (if any).

Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleIdentifierKey

The bundle identifier.

Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleVersionKey

The version number of the bundle.

For Mac OS 9 style version numbers (for example “2.5.3d5”), clients can use CFBundleGetVersionNumber instead of accessing this key directly since that function will properly convert the version string into its compact integer representation.

Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleDevelopmentRegionKey

The name of the development language of the bundle.

When CFBundle looks for resources, the fallback is to look in the lproj whose name is given by the kCFBundleDevelopmentRegionKey in the Info.plist file. You must, therefore, ensure that a bundle contains an lproj with that exact name containing a copy of every localized resource, otherwise CFBundle cannot guarantee the fallback mechanism will work.

Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleNameKey

The human-readable name of the bundle.

This key is often found in the InfoPlist.strings since it is usually localized.

Available in Mac OS X v10.0 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleLocalizationsKey

Allows an unbundled application that handles localization itself to specify which localizations it has available.

Available in Mac OS X v10.2 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

Declared In

Architecture Types

Constants that identify executable architecture types.

enum {
   kCFBundleExecutableArchitectureI386     = 0x00000007,
   kCFBundleExecutableArchitecturePPC      = 0x00000012,
   kCFBundleExecutableArchitectureX86_64   = 0x01000007,
   kCFBundleExecutableArchitecturePPC64    = 0x01000012
};

Constants

kCFBundleExecutableArchitectureI386

Specifies the 32-bit Intel architecture.

Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleExecutableArchitecturePPC

Specifies the 32-bit PowerPC architecture.

Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleExecutableArchitectureX86_64

Specifies the 64-bit Intel architecture.

Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

kCFBundleExecutableArchitecturePPC64

Specifies the 64-bit PowerPC architecture.

Available in Mac OS X v10.5 and later.

Declared in CFBundle.h.

Declared In

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