SMB.CONF(5) SMB.CONF(5)
NAME
smb.conf - The configuration file for the Samba suite
SYNOPSIS
The smb.conf file is a configuration file for the Samba suite. smb.conf contains runtime configura-tion configuration
tion information for the Samba programs. The smb.conf file is designed to be configured and adminis-tered administered
tered by the swat(8) program. The complete description of the file format and possible parameters
held within are here for reference purposes.
FILE FORMAT
The file consists of sections and parameters. A section begins with the name of the section in square
brackets and continues until the next section begins. Sections contain parameters of the form:
name = value
The file is line-based - that is, each newline-terminated line represents either a comment, a section
name or a parameter.
Section and parameter names are not case sensitive.
Only the first equals sign in a parameter is significant. Whitespace before or after the first equals
sign is discarded. Leading, trailing and internal whitespace in section and parameter names is irrel-evant. irrelevant.
evant. Leading and trailing whitespace in a parameter value is discarded. Internal whitespace within
a parameter value is retained verbatim.
Any line beginning with a semicolon (;) or a hash (#) character is ignored, as are lines containing
only whitespace.
Any line ending in a \ is continued on the next line in the customary UNIX fashion.
The values following the equals sign in parameters are all either a string (no quotes needed) or a
boolean, which may be given as yes/no, 0/1 or true/false. Case is not significant in boolean values,
but is preserved in string values. Some items such as create masks are numeric.
SECTION DESCRIPTIONS
Each section in the configuration file (except for the [global] section) describes a shared resource
(known as a share). The section name is the name of the shared resource and the parameters within the
section define the shares attributes.
There are three special sections, [global], [homes] and [printers], which are described under special
sections. The following notes apply to ordinary section descriptions.
A share consists of a directory to which access is being given plus a description of the access
rights which are granted to the user of the service. Some housekeeping options are also specifiable.
Sections are either file share services (used by the client as an extension of their native file sys-tems) systems)
tems) or printable services (used by the client to access print services on the host running the
server).
Sections may be designated guest services, in which case no password is required to access them. A
specified UNIX guest account is used to define access privileges in this case.
Sections other than guest services will require a password to access them. The client provides the
username. As older clients only provide passwords and not usernames, you may specify a list of user-names usernames
names to check against the password using the user = option in the share definition. For modern
clients such as Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000, this should not be necessary.
The access rights granted by the server are masked by the access rights granted to the specified or
guest UNIX user by the host system. The server does not grant more access than the host system
grants.
The following sample section defines a file space share. The user has write access to the path
/home/bar. The share is accessed via the share name foo:
[foo]
path = /home/bar
read only = no
The following sample section defines a printable share. The share is read-only, but printable. That
is, the only write access permitted is via calls to open, write to and close a spool file. The guest
ok parameter means access will be permitted as the default guest user (specified elsewhere):
[aprinter]
path = /usr/spool/public
read only = yes
printable = yes
guest ok = yes
SPECIAL SECTIONS
The [global] section
Parameters in this section apply to the server as a whole, or are defaults for sections that do not
specifically define certain items. See the notes under PARAMETERS for more information.
The [homes] section
If a section called [homes] is included in the configuration file, services connecting clients to
their home directories can be created on the fly by the server.
When the connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned. If a match is found, it is
used. If no match is found, the requested section name is treated as a username and looked up in the
local password file. If the name exists and the correct password has been given, a share is created
by cloning the [homes] section.
Some modifications are then made to the newly created share:
The share name is changed from homes to the located username.
If no path was given, the path is set to the user's home directory.
If you decide to use a path = line in your [homes] section, it may be useful to use the %S macro. For
example:
path = /data/pchome/%S
is useful if you have different home directories for your PCs than for UNIX access.
This is a fast and simple way to give a large number of clients access to their home directories with
a minimum of fuss.
A similar process occurs if the requested section name is homes, except that the share name is not
changed to that of the requesting user. This method of using the [homes] section works well if dif-ferent different
ferent users share a client PC.
The [homes] section can specify all the parameters a normal service section can specify, though some
make more sense than others. The following is a typical and suitable [homes] section:
[homes]
read only = no
An important point is that if guest access is specified in the [homes] section, all home directories
will be visible to all clients without a password. In the very unlikely event that this is actually
desirable, it is wise to also specify read only access.
The browseable flag for auto home directories will be inherited from the global browseable flag, not
the [homes] browseable flag. This is useful as it means setting browseable = no in the [homes] sec-tion section
tion will hide the [homes] share but make any auto home directories visible.
The [printers] section
This section works like [homes], but for printers.
If a [printers] section occurs in the configuration file, users are able to connect to any printer
specified in the local host's printcap file.
When a connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned. If a match is found, it is
used. If no match is found, but a [homes] section exists, it is used as described above. Otherwise,
the requested section name is treated as a printer name and the appropriate printcap file is scanned
to see if the requested section name is a valid printer share name. If a match is found, a new
printer share is created by cloning the [printers] section.
A few modifications are then made to the newly created share:
The share name is set to the located printer name
If no printer name was given, the printer name is set to the located printer name
If the share does not permit guest access and no username was given, the username is set to the
located printer name.
The [printers] service MUST be printable - if you specify otherwise, the server will refuse to load
the configuration file.
Typically the path specified is that of a world-writeable spool directory with the sticky bit set on
it. A typical [printers] entry looks like this:
[printers]
path = /usr/spool/public
guest ok = yes
printable = yes
All aliases given for a printer in the printcap file are legitimate printer names as far as the
server is concerned. If your printing subsystem doesn't work like that, you will have to set up a
pseudo-printcap. This is a file consisting of one or more lines like this:
alias|alias|alias|alias...
Each alias should be an acceptable printer name for your printing subsystem. In the [global] section,
specify the new file as your printcap. The server will only recognize names found in your pseudo-printcap, pseudoprintcap,
printcap, which of course can contain whatever aliases you like. The same technique could be used
simply to limit access to a subset of your local printers.
An alias, by the way, is defined as any component of the first entry of a printcap record. Records
are separated by newlines, components (if there are more than one) are separated by vertical bar sym-bols symbols
bols (|).
Note
On SYSV systems which use lpstat to determine what printers are defined on the system you may be able
to use printcap name = lpstat to automatically obtain a list of printers. See the printcap name
option for more details.
USERSHARES
Starting with Samba version 3.0.23 the capability for non-root users to add, modify, and delete their
own share definitions has been added. This capability is called usershares and is controlled by a set
of parameters in the [global] section of the smb.conf. The relevant parameters are :
usershare allow guests
Controls if usershares can permit guest access.
usershare max shares
Maximum number of user defined shares allowed.
usershare owner only
If set only directories owned by the sharing user can be shared.
usershare path
Points to the directory containing the user defined share definitions. The filesystem permissions
on this directory control who can create user defined shares.
usershare prefix allow list
Comma-separated list of absolute pathnames restricting what directories can be shared. Only direc-tories directories
tories below the pathnames in this list are permitted.
usershare prefix deny list
Comma-separated list of absolute pathnames restricting what directories can be shared. Directories
below the pathnames in this list are prohibited.
usershare template share
Names a pre-existing share used as a template for creating new usershares. All other share parame-ters parameters
ters not specified in the user defined share definition are copied from this named share.
To allow members of the UNIX group foo to create user defined shares, create the directory to contain
the share definitions as follows:
Become root:
mkdir /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
chgrp foo /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
chmod 1770 /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
Then add the parameters
usershare path = /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares
usershare max shares = 10 # (or the desired number of shares)
to the global section of your smb.conf. Members of the group foo may then manipulate the user defined
shares using the following commands.
net usershare add sharename path [comment] [acl] [guest_ok=[y|n]]
To create or modify (overwrite) a user defined share.
net usershare delete sharename
To delete a user defined share.
net usershare list wildcard-sharename
To list user defined shares.
net usershare info wildcard-sharename
To print information about user defined shares.
PARAMETERS
Parameters define the specific attributes of sections.
Some parameters are specific to the [global] section (e.g., security). Some parameters are usable in
all sections (e.g., create mask). All others are permissible only in normal sections. For the pur-poses purposes
poses of the following descriptions the [homes] and [printers] sections will be considered normal.
The letter G in parentheses indicates that a parameter is specific to the [global] section. The let-ter letter
ter S indicates that a parameter can be specified in a service specific section. All S parameters can
also be specified in the [global] section - in which case they will define the default behavior for
all services.
Parameters are arranged here in alphabetical order - this may not create best bedfellows, but at
least you can find them! Where there are synonyms, the preferred synonym is described, others refer
to the preferred synonym.
VARIABLE SUBSTITUTIONS
Many of the strings that are settable in the config file can take substitutions. For example the
option path = /tmp/%u is interpreted as path = /tmp/john if the user connected with the username
john.
These substitutions are mostly noted in the descriptions below, but there are some general substitu-tions substitutions
tions which apply whenever they might be relevant. These are:
%U
session username (the username that the client wanted, not necessarily the same as the one they
got).
%G
primary group name of %U.
%h
the Internet hostname that Samba is running on.
%m
the NetBIOS name of the client machine (very useful).
This parameter is not available when Samba listens on port 445, as clients no longer send this
information. If you use this macro in an include statement on a domain that has a Samba domain
controller be sure to set in the [global] section smb ports = 139. This will cause Samba to not
listen on port 445 and will permit include functionality to function as it did with Samba 2.x.
%L
the NetBIOS name of the server. This allows you to change your config based on what the client
calls you. Your server can have a dual personality.
%M
the Internet name of the client machine.
%R
the selected protocol level after protocol negotiation. It can be one of CORE, COREPLUS, LANMAN1,
LANMAN2 or NT1.
%d
the process id of the current server process.
%a
the architecture of the remote machine. It currently recognizes Samba (Samba), the Linux CIFS file
system (CIFSFS), OS/2, (OS2), Windows for Workgroups (WfWg), Windows 9x/ME (Win95), Windows NT
(WinNT), Windows 2000 (Win2K), Windows XP (WinXP), and Windows 2003 (Win2K3). Anything else will
be known as UNKNOWN.
%I
the IP address of the client machine.
%i
the local IP address to which a client connected.
%T
the current date and time.
%D
name of the domain or workgroup of the current user.
%w
the winbind separator.
%$(envvar)
the value of the environment variable envar.
The following substitutes apply only to some configuration options (only those that are used when a
connection has been established):
%S
the name of the current service, if any.
%P
the root directory of the current service, if any.
%u
username of the current service, if any.
%g
primary group name of %u.
%H
the home directory of the user given by %u.
%N
the name of your NIS home directory server. This is obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. If you
have not compiled Samba with the --with-automount option, this value will be the same as %L.
%p
the path of the service's home directory, obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. The NIS auto.map
entry is split up as %N:%p.
There are some quite creative things that can be done with these substitutions and other smb.conf
options.
NAME MANGLING
Samba supports name mangling so that DOS and Windows clients can use files that don't conform to the
8.3 format. It can also be set to adjust the case of 8.3 format filenames.
There are several options that control the way mangling is performed, and they are grouped here
rather than listed separately. For the defaults look at the output of the testparm program.
These options can be set separately for each service.
The options are:
case sensitive = yes/no/auto
controls whether filenames are case sensitive. If they aren't, Samba must do a filename search and
match on passed names. The default setting of auto allows clients that support case sensitive
filenames (Linux CIFSVFS and smbclient 3.0.5 and above currently) to tell the Samba server on a
per-packet basis that they wish to access the file system in a case-sensitive manner (to support
UNIX case sensitive semantics). No Windows or DOS system supports case-sensitive filename so set-ting setting
ting this option to auto is that same as setting it to no for them. Default auto.
default case = upper/lower
controls what the default case is for new filenames (ie. files that don't currently exist in the
filesystem). Default lower. IMPORTANT NOTE: This option will be used to modify the case of all
incoming client filenames, not just new filenames if the options case sensitive = yes, preserve
case = No, short preserve case = No are set. This change is needed as part of the optimisations
for directories containing large numbers of files.
preserve case = yes/no
controls whether new files (ie. files that don't currently exist in the filesystem) are created
with the case that the client passes, or if they are forced to be the default case. Default yes.
short preserve case = yes/no
controls if new files (ie. files that don't currently exist in the filesystem) which conform to
8.3 syntax, that is all in upper case and of suitable length, are created upper case, or if they
are forced to be the default case. This option can be used with preserve case = yes to permit long
filenames to retain their case, while short names are lowercased. Default yes.
By default, Samba 3.0 has the same semantics as a Windows NT server, in that it is case insensitive
but case preserving. As a special case for directories with large numbers of files, if the case
options are set as follows, "case sensitive = yes", "case preserve = no", "short preserve case = no"
then the "default case" option will be applied and will modify all filenames sent from the client
when accessing this share.
NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION
There are a number of ways in which a user can connect to a service. The server uses the following
steps in determining if it will allow a connection to a specified service. If all the steps fail, the
connection request is rejected. However, if one of the steps succeeds, the following steps are not
checked.
If the service is marked guest only = yes and the server is running with share-level security (secu-rity (security
rity = share, steps 1 to 5 are skipped.
1. If the client has passed a username/password pair and that username/password pair is validated by
the UNIX system's password programs, the connection is made as that username. This includes the
\\server\service%username method of passing a username.
2. If the client has previously registered a username with the system and now supplies a correct
password for that username, the connection is allowed.
3. The client's NetBIOS name and any previously used usernames are checked against the supplied pass-word. password.
word. If they match, the connection is allowed as the corresponding user.
4. If the client has previously validated a username/password pair with the server and the client has
passed the validation token, that username is used.
5. If a user = field is given in the smb.conf file for the service and the client has supplied a
password, and that password matches (according to the UNIX system's password checking) with one of
the usernames from the user = field, the connection is made as the username in the user = line. If
one of the usernames in the user = list begins with a @, that name expands to a list of names in
the group of the same name.
6. If the service is a guest service, a connection is made as the username given in the guest account
= for the service, irrespective of the supplied password.
EXPLANATION OF EACH PARAMETER
abort shutdown script (G)
This a full path name to a script called by smbd(8) that should stop a shutdown procedure issued
by the shutdown script.
If the connected user posseses the SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege, right, this command will be run as
user.
Default: abort shutdown script = ""
Example: abort shutdown script = /sbin/shutdown -c
acl check permissions (S)
This boolean parameter controls what smbd(8)does on receiving a protocol request of "open for
delete" from a Windows client. If a Windows client doesn't have permissions to delete a file then
they expect this to be denied at open time. POSIX systems normally only detect restrictions on
delete by actually attempting to delete the file or directory. As Windows clients can (and do)
"back out" a delete request by unsetting the "delete on close" bit Samba cannot delete the file
immediately on "open for delete" request as we cannot restore such a deleted file. With this
parameter set to true (the default) then smbd checks the file system permissions directly on "open
for delete" and denies the request without actually deleting the file if the file system permis-sions permissions
sions would seem to deny it. This is not perfect, as it's possible a user could have deleted a
file without Samba being able to check the permissions correctly, but it is close enough to Win-dows Windows
dows semantics for mostly correct behaviour. Samba will correctly check POSIX ACL semantics in
this case.
If this parameter is set to "false" Samba doesn't check permissions on "open for delete" and
allows the open. If the user doesn't have permission to delete the file this will only be discov-ered discovered
ered at close time, which is too late for the Windows user tools to display an error message to
the user. The symptom of this is files that appear to have been deleted "magically" re-appearing
on a Windows explorer refersh. This is an extremely advanced protocol option which should not need
to be changed. This parameter was introduced in its final form in 3.0.21, an earlier version with
slightly different semantics was introduced in 3.0.20. That older version is not documented here.
Default: acl check permissions = True
acl compatibility (S)
This parameter specifies what OS ACL semantics should be compatible with. Possible values are
winnt for Windows NT 4, win2k for Windows 2000 and above and auto. If you specify auto, the value
for this parameter will be based upon the version of the client. There should be no reason to
change this parameter from the default.
Default: acl compatibility = Auto
Example: acl compatibility = win2k
acl group control (S)
In a POSIX filesystem, only the owner of a file or directory and the superuser can modify the per-missions permissions
missions and ACLs on a file. If this parameter is set, then Samba overrides this restriction, and
also allows the primary group owner of a file or directory to modify the permissions and ACLs on
that file.
On a Windows server, groups may be the owner of a file or directory - thus allowing anyone in that
group to modify the permissions on it. This allows the delegation of security controls on a point
in the filesystem to the group owner of a directory and anything below it also owned by that
group. This means there are multiple people with permissions to modify ACLs on a file or direc-tory, directory,
tory, easing managability.
This parameter allows Samba to also permit delegation of the control over a point in the exported
directory hierarchy in much the same was as Windows. This allows all members of a UNIX group to
control the permissions on a file or directory they have group ownership on.
This parameter is best used with the inherit owner option and also on on a share containing direc-tories directories
tories with the UNIX setgid bit bit set on them, which causes new files and directories created
within it to inherit the group ownership from the containing directory.
This is parameter has been marked deprecated in Samba 3.0.23. The same behavior is now implemented
by the dos filemode option.
Default: acl group control = no
acl map full control (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8)maps a POSIX ACE entry of "rwx" (read/write/exe-cute), (read/write/execute),
cute), the maximum allowed POSIX permission set, into a Windows ACL of "FULL CONTROL". If this
parameter is set to true any POSIX ACE entry of "rwx" will be returned in a Windows ACL as "FULL
CONTROL", is this parameter is set to false any POSIX ACE entry of "rwx" will be returned as the
specific Windows ACL bits representing read, write and execute.
Default: acl map full control = True
add group script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run AS ROOT by smbd(8) when a new group is
requested. It will expand any %g to the group name passed. This script is only useful for instal-lations installations
lations using the Windows NT domain administration tools. The script is free to create a group
with an arbitrary name to circumvent unix group name restrictions. In that case the script must
print the numeric gid of the created group on stdout.
Default: add group script =
Example: add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd %g
add machine script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run by smbd(8) when a machine is added to
Samba's domain and a Unix account matching the machine's name appended with a "$" does not already
exist.
This option is very similar to the add user script, and likewise uses the %u substitution for the
account name. Do not use the %m substitution.
Default: add machine script =
Example: add machine script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g machines -c Machine -d /var/lib/nobody -s
/bin/false %u
add port command (G)
Samba 3.0.23 introduces support for adding printer ports remotely using the Windows "Add Standard
TCP/IP Port Wizard". This option defines an external program to be executed when smbd receives a
request to add a new Port to the system. he script is passed two parameters:
port name
device URI
The deviceURI is in the for of socket://<hostname>[:<portnumber>] or lpd://<hostname>/<queue-
name>.
Default: add port command =
Example: add port command = /etc/samba/scripts/addport.sh
add printer command (G)
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2,
The MS Add Printer Wizard (APW) icon is now also available in the "Printers..." folder displayed a
share listing. The APW allows for printers to be add remotely to a Samba or Windows NT/2000 print
server.
For a Samba host this means that the printer must be physically added to the underlying printing
system. The add printer command defines a script to be run which will perform the necessary opera-tions operations
tions for adding the printer to the print system and to add the appropriate service definition to
the smb.conf file in order that it can be shared by smbd(8).
The addprinter command is automatically invoked with the following parameter (in order):
printer name
share name
port name
driver name
location
Windows 9x driver location
All parameters are filled in from the PRINTER_INFO_2 structure sent by the Windows NT/2000
client with one exception. The "Windows 9x driver location" parameter is included for backwards
compatibility only. The remaining fields in the structure are generated from answers to the APW
questions.
Once the addprinter command has been executed, smbd will reparse the
smb.conf to determine if the share defined by the APW exists. If the sharename is still
invalid, then smbd will return an ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.
The "add printer command" program can output a single line of text, which Samba will set as the
port the new printer is connected to. If this line isn't output, Samba won't reload its printer
shares.
Default: add printer command =
Example: add printer command = /usr/bin/addprinter
add share command (G)
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0
Server Manager. The add share command is used to define an external program or script which will
add a new service definition to smb.conf. In order to successfully execute the add share command,
smbd requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e. uid == 0).
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the add share command with five parameters.
configFile - the location of the global smb.conf file.
shareName - the name of the new share.
pathName - path to an **existing** directory on disk.
comment - comment string to associate with the new share.
max connections Number of maximum simultaneous connections to this share.
This parameter is only used for add file shares. To add printer shares, see the addprinter com-mand. command.
mand.
Default: add share command =
Example: add share command = /usr/local/bin/addshare
add user script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run AS ROOT by smbd(8) under special circum-stances circumstances
stances described below.
Normally, a Samba server requires that UNIX users are created for all users accessing files on
this server. For sites that use Windows NT account databases as their primary user database creat-ing creating
ing these users and keeping the user list in sync with the Windows NT PDC is an onerous task. This
option allows smbd to create the required UNIX users ON DEMAND when a user accesses the Samba
server.
In order to use this option, smbd(8) must NOT be set to security = share and add user script must
be set to a full pathname for a script that will create a UNIX user given one argument of %u,
which expands into the UNIX user name to create.
When the Windows user attempts to access the Samba server, at login (session setup in the SMB pro-tocol) protocol)
tocol) time, smbd(8) contacts the password server and attempts to authenticate the given user with
the given password. If the authentication succeeds then smbd attempts to find a UNIX user in the
UNIX password database to map the Windows user into. If this lookup fails, and add user script is
set then smbd will call the specified script AS ROOT, expanding any %u argument to be the user
name to create.
If this script successfully creates the user then smbd will continue on as though the UNIX user
already existed. In this way, UNIX users are dynamically created to match existing Windows NT
accounts.
See also security, password server, delete user script.
Default: add user script =
Example: add user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/add_user %u
add user to group script (G)
Full path to the script that will be called when a user is added to a group using the Windows NT
domain administration tools. It will be run by smbd(8) AS ROOT. Any %g will be replaced with the
group name and any %u will be replaced with the user name.
Note that the adduser command used in the example below does not support the used syntax on all
systems.
Default: add user to group script =
Example: add user to group script = /usr/sbin/adduser %u %g
admin users (S)
This is a list of users who will be granted administrative privileges on the share. This means
that they will do all file operations as the super-user (root).
You should use this option very carefully, as any user in this list will be able to do anything
they like on the share, irrespective of file permissions.
This parameter will not work with the security = share in Samba 3.0. This is by design.
Default: admin users =
Example: admin users = jason
afs share (S)
This parameter controls whether special AFS features are enabled for this share. If enabled, it
assumes that the directory exported via the path parameter is a local AFS import. The special AFS
features include the attempt to hand-craft an AFS token if you enabled --with-fake-kaserver in
configure.
Default: afs share = no
afs username map (G)
If you are using the fake kaserver AFS feature, you might want to hand-craft the usernames you are
creating tokens for. For example this is necessary if you have users from several domain in your
AFS Protection Database. One possible scheme to code users as DOMAIN+User as it is done by winbind
with the + as a separator.
The mapped user name must contain the cell name to log into, so without setting this parameter
there will be no token.
Default: afs username map =
Example: afs username map = %u@afs.samba.org
aio read size (S)
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O support and this integer parameter is set to non-zero nonzero
zero value, Samba will read from file asynchronously when size of request is bigger than this
value. Note that it happens only for non-chained and non-chaining reads and when not using write
cache.
Current implementation of asynchronous I/O in Samba 3.0 does support only up to 10 outstanding
asynchronous requests, read and write combined.
write cache size
aio write size
Default: aio read size = 0
Example: aio read size = 16384 # Use asynchronous I/O for reads bigger than 16KB request size
aio write size (S)
If Samba has been built with asynchronous I/O support and this integer parameter is set to non-zero nonzero
zero value, Samba will write to file asynchronously when size of request is bigger than this
value. Note that it happens only for non-chained and non-chaining reads and when not using write
cache.
Current implementation of asynchronous I/O in Samba 3.0 does support only up to 10 outstanding
asynchronous requests, read and write combined.
write cache size
aio read size
Default: aio write size = 0
Example: aio write size = 16384 # Use asynchronous I/O for writes bigger than 16KB request size
algorithmic rid base (G)
This determines how Samba will use its algorithmic mapping from uids/gid to the RIDs needed to
construct NT Security Identifiers.
Setting this option to a larger value could be useful to sites transitioning from WinNT and Win2k,
as existing user and group rids would otherwise clash with sytem users etc.
All UIDs and GIDs must be able to be resolved into SIDs for the correct operation of ACLs on the
server. As such the algorithmic mapping can't be 'turned off', but pushing it 'out of the way'
should resolve the issues. Users and groups can then be assigned 'low' RIDs in arbitary-rid sup-porting supporting
porting backends.
Default: algorithmic rid base = 1000
Example: algorithmic rid base = 100000
allocation roundup size (S)
This parameter allows an administrator to tune the allocation size reported to Windows clients.
The default size of 1Mb generally results in improved Windows client performance. However, round-ing rounding
ing the allocation size may cause difficulties for some applications, e.g. MS Visual Studio. If
the MS Visual Studio compiler starts to crash with an internal error, set this parameter to zero
for this share.
The integer parameter specifies the roundup size in bytes.
Default: allocation roundup size = 1048576
Example: allocation roundup size = 0 # (to disable roundups)
allow trusted domains (G)
This option only takes effect when the security option is set to server, domain or ads. If it is
set to no, then attempts to connect to a resource from a domain or workgroup other than the one
which smbd is running in will fail, even if that domain is trusted by the remote server doing the
authentication.
This is useful if you only want your Samba server to serve resources to users in the domain it is
a member of. As an example, suppose that there are two domains DOMA and DOMB. DOMB is trusted by
DOMA, which contains the Samba server. Under normal circumstances, a user with an account in DOMB
can then access the resources of a UNIX account with the same account name on the Samba server
even if they do not have an account in DOMA. This can make implementing a security boundary diffi-cult. difficult.
cult.
Default: allow trusted domains = yes
announce as (G)
This specifies what type of server nmbd(8) will announce itself as, to a network neighborhood
browse list. By default this is set to Windows NT. The valid options are : "NT Server" (which can
also be written as "NT"), "NT Workstation", "Win95" or "WfW" meaning Windows NT Server, Windows NT
Workstation, Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups respectively. Do not change this parameter
unless you have a specific need to stop Samba appearing as an NT server as this may prevent Samba
servers from participating as browser servers correctly.
Default: announce as = NT Server
Example: announce as = Win95
announce version (G)
This specifies the major and minor version numbers that nmbd will use when announcing itself as a
server. The default is 4.9. Do not change this parameter unless you have a specific need to set a
Samba server to be a downlevel server.
Default: announce version = 4.9
Example: announce version = 2.0
auth methods (G)
This option allows the administrator to chose what authentication methods smbd will use when
authenticating a user. This option defaults to sensible values based on security. This should be
considered a developer option and used only in rare circumstances. In the majority (if not all) of
production servers, the default setting should be adequate.
Each entry in the list attempts to authenticate the user in turn, until the user authenticates. In
practice only one method will ever actually be able to complete the authentication.
Possible options include guest (anonymous access), sam (lookups in local list of accounts based on
netbios name or domain name), winbind (relay authentication requests for remote users through win-bindd), winbindd),
bindd), ntdomain (pre-winbindd method of authentication for remote domain users; deprecated in
favour of winbind method), trustdomain (authenticate trusted users by contacting the remote DC
directly from smbd; deprecated in favour of winbind method).
Default: auth methods =
Example: auth methods = guest sam winbind
available (S)
This parameter lets you "turn off" a service. If available = no, then ALL attempts to connect to
the service will fail. Such failures are logged.
Default: available = yes
bind interfaces only (G)
This global parameter allows the Samba admin to limit what interfaces on a machine will serve SMB
requests. It affects file service smbd(8) and name service nmbd(8) in a slightly different ways.
For name service it causes nmbd to bind to ports 137 and 138 on the interfaces listed in the
interfaces parameter. nmbd also binds to the "all addresses" interface (0.0.0.0) on ports 137 and
138 for the purposes of reading broadcast messages. If this option is not set then nmbd will ser-vice service
vice name requests on all of these sockets. If bind interfaces only is set then nmbd will check
the source address of any packets coming in on the broadcast sockets and discard any that don't
match the broadcast addresses of the interfaces in the interfaces parameter list. As unicast pack-ets packets
ets are received on the other sockets it allows nmbd to refuse to serve names to machines that
send packets that arrive through any interfaces not listed in the interfaces list. IP Source
address spoofing does defeat this simple check, however, so it must not be used seriously as a
security feature for nmbd.
For file service it causes smbd(8) to bind only to the interface list given in the interfaces
parameter. This restricts the networks that smbd will serve to packets coming in those interfaces.
Note that you should not use this parameter for machines that are serving PPP or other intermit-tent intermittent
tent or non-broadcast network interfaces as it will not cope with non-permanent interfaces.
If bind interfaces only is set then unless the network address 127.0.0.1 is added to the inter-faces interfaces
faces parameter list smbpasswd(8) and swat(8) may not work as expected due to the reasons covered
below.
To change a users SMB password, the smbpasswd by default connects to the localhost - 127.0.0.1
address as an SMB client to issue the password change request. If bind interfaces only is set then
unless the network address 127.0.0.1 is added to the interfaces parameter list then smbpasswd will
fail to connect in it's default mode. smbpasswd can be forced to use the primary IP interface of
the local host by using its smbpasswd(8) -r remote machine parameter, with remote machine set to
the IP name of the primary interface of the local host.
The swat status page tries to connect with smbd and nmbd at the address 127.0.0.1 to determine if
they are running. Not adding 127.0.0.1 will cause smbd and nmbd to always show "not running" even
if they really are. This can prevent swat from starting/stopping/restarting smbd and nmbd.
Default: bind interfaces only = no
blocking locks (S)
This parameter controls the behavior of smbd(8) when given a request by a client to obtain a byte
range lock on a region of an open file, and the request has a time limit associated with it.
If this parameter is set and the lock range requested cannot be immediately satisfied, samba will
internally queue the lock request, and periodically attempt to obtain the lock until the timeout
period expires.
If this parameter is set to no, then samba will behave as previous versions of Samba would and
will fail the lock request immediately if the lock range cannot be obtained.
Default: blocking locks = yes
block size (S)
This parameter controls the behavior of smbd(8) when reporting disk free sizes. By default, this
reports a disk block size of 1024 bytes.
Changing this parameter may have some effect on the efficiency of client writes, this is not yet
confirmed. This parameter was added to allow advanced administrators to change it (usually to a
higher value) and test the effect it has on client write performance without re-compiling the
code. As this is an experimental option it may be removed in a future release.
Changing this option does not change the disk free reporting size, just the block size unit
reported to the client.
Default: block size = 1024
Example: block size = 4096
browsable
This parameter is a synonym for browseable.
browseable (S)
This controls whether this share is seen in the list of available shares in a net view and in the
browse list.
Default: browseable = yes
browse list (G)
This controls whether smbd(8) will serve a browse list to a client doing a NetServerEnum call.
Normally set to yes. You should never need to change this.
Default: browse list = yes
casesignames
This parameter is a synonym for case sensitive.
case sensitive (S)
See the discussion in the section name mangling.
Default: case sensitive = no
change notify (S)
This parameter specifies whether Samba should reply to a client's file change notify requests.
You should never need to change this parameter
Default: change notify = no
change share command (G)
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0
Server Manager. The change share command is used to define an external program or script which
will modify an existing service definition in smb.conf. In order to successfully execute the
change share command, smbd requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e.
uid == 0).
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the change share command with five parameters.
configFile - the location of the global smb.conf file.
shareName - the name of the new share.
pathName - path to an **existing** directory on disk.
comment - comment string to associate with the new share.
max connections Number of maximum simultaneous connections to this share.
This parameter is only used modify existing file shares definitions. To modify printer shares,
use the "Printers..." folder as seen when browsing the Samba host.
Default: change share command =
Example: change share command = /usr/local/bin/addshare
check password script (G)
The name of a program that can be used to check password complexity. The password is sent to the
program's standrad input.
The program must return 0 on good password any other value otherwise. In case the password is con-sidered considered
sidered weak (the program do not return 0) the user will be notified and the password change will
fail.
Note: In the example directory there is a sample program called crackcheck that uses cracklib to
checkpassword quality
Default: check password script = Disabled
Example: check password script = check password script = /usr/local/sbin/crackcheck
client lanman auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbclient(8) and other samba client tools will attempt to
authenticate itself to servers using the weaker LANMAN password hash. If disabled, only server
which support NT password hashes (e.g. Windows NT/2000, Samba, etc... but not Windows 95/98) will
be able to be connected from the Samba client.
The LANMAN encrypted response is easily broken, due to it's case-insensitive nature, and the
choice of algorithm. Clients without Windows 95/98 servers are advised to disable this option.
Disabling this option will also disable the client plaintext auth option
Likewise, if the client ntlmv2 auth parameter is enabled, then only NTLMv2 logins will be
attempted.
Default: client lanman auth = yes
client ntlmv2 auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbclient(8) will attempt to authenticate itself to
servers using the NTLMv2 encrypted password response.
If enabled, only an NTLMv2 and LMv2 response (both much more secure than earlier versions) will be
sent. Many servers (including NT4 < SP4, Win9x and Samba 2.2) are not compatible with NTLMv2.
Similarly, if enabled, NTLMv1, client lanman auth and client plaintext auth authentication will be
disabled. This also disables share-level authentication.
If disabled, an NTLM response (and possibly a LANMAN response) will be sent by the client, depend-
ing on the value of client lanman auth.
Note that some sites (particularly those following 'best practice' security polices) only allow
NTLMv2 responses, and not the weaker LM or NTLM.
Default: client ntlmv2 auth = no
client plaintext auth (G)
Specifies whether a client should send a plaintext password if the server does not support
encrypted passwords.
Default: client plaintext auth = yes
client schannel (G)
This controls whether the client offers or even demands the use of the netlogon schannel. client
schannel = no does not offer the schannel, client schannel = auto offers the schannel but does not
enforce it, and client schannel = yes denies access if the server is not able to speak netlogon
schannel.
Default: client schannel = auto
Example: client schannel = yes
client signing (G)
This controls whether the client offers or requires the server it talks to to use SMB signing.
Possible values are auto, mandatory and disabled.
When set to auto, SMB signing is offered, but not enforced. When set to mandatory, SMB signing is
required and if set to disabled, SMB signing is not offered either.
Default: client signing = auto
client use spnego (G)
This variable controls whether Samba clients will try to use Simple and Protected NEGOciation (as
specified by rfc2478) with supporting servers (including WindowsXP, Windows2000 and Samba 3.0) to
agree upon an authentication mechanism. This enables Kerberos authentication in particular.
Default: client use spnego = yes
comment (S)
This is a text field that is seen next to a share when a client does a queries the server, either
via the network neighborhood or via net view to list what shares are available.
If you want to set the string that is displayed next to the machine name then see the server
string parameter.
Default: comment = # No comment
Example: comment = Fred's Files
config file (G)
This allows you to override the config file to use, instead of the default (usually smb.conf).
There is a chicken and egg problem here as this option is set in the config file!
For this reason, if the name of the config file has changed when the parameters are loaded then it
will reload them from the new config file.
This option takes the usual substitutions, which can be very useful.
If the config file doesn't exist then it won't be loaded (allowing you to special case the config
files of just a few clients).
No default
Example: config file = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m
copy (S)
This parameter allows you to "clone" service entries. The specified service is simply duplicated
under the current service's name. Any parameters specified in the current section will override
those in the section being copied.
This feature lets you set up a 'template' service and create similar services easily. Note that
the service being copied must occur earlier in the configuration file than the service doing the
copying.
Default: copy =
Example: copy = otherservice
create mode
This parameter is a synonym for create mask.
create mask (S)
When a file is created, the necessary permissions are calculated according to the mapping from DOS
modes to UNIX permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed with this parame-ter. parameter.
ter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise MASK for the UNIX modes of a file. Any bit not
set here will be removed from the modes set on a file when it is created.
The default value of this parameter removes the group and other write and execute bits from the
UNIX modes.
Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode created from this parameter with the value
of the force create mode parameter which is set to 000 by default.
This parameter does not affect directory masks. See the parameter directory mask for details.
Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions set by Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the
administrator wishes to enforce a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the security
mask.
Default: create mask = 0744
Example: create mask = 0775
csc policy (S)
This stands for client-side caching policy, and specifies how clients capable of offline caching
will cache the files in the share. The valid values are: manual, documents, programs, disable.
These values correspond to those used on Windows servers.
For example, shares containing roaming profiles can have offline caching disabled using csc policy
= disable.
Default: csc policy = manual
Example: csc policy = programs
cups options (S)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to cups. Its value is a free form string of
options passed directly to the cups library.
You can pass any generic print option known to CUPS (as listed in the CUPS "Software Users' Man-ual"). Manual").
ual"). You can also pass any printer specific option (as listed in "lpoptions -d printername -l")
valid for the target queue.
You should set this parameter to raw if your CUPS server error_log file contains messages such as
"Unsupported format 'application/octet-stream'" when printing from a Windows client through Samba.
It is no longer necessary to enable system wide raw printing in /etc/cups/mime.{convs,types}.
Default: cups options = ""
Example: cups options = "raw,media=a4,job-sheets=secret,secret"
cups server (G)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to cups.
If set, this option overrides the ServerName option in the CUPS client.conf. This is necessary if
you have virtual samba servers that connect to different CUPS daemons.
Optionally, a port can be specified by separating the server name and port number with a colon. If
no port was specified, the default port for IPP (631) will be used.
Default: cups server = ""
Example: cups server = mycupsserver
Example: cups server = mycupsserver:1631
deadtime (G)
The value of the parameter (a decimal integer) represents the number of minutes of inactivity
before a connection is considered dead, and it is disconnected. The deadtime only takes effect if
the number of open files is zero.
This is useful to stop a server's resources being exhausted by a large number of inactive connec-tions. connections.
tions.
Most clients have an auto-reconnect feature when a connection is broken so in most cases this
parameter should be transparent to users.
Using this parameter with a timeout of a few minutes is recommended for most systems.
A deadtime of zero indicates that no auto-disconnection should be performed.
Default: deadtime = 0
Example: deadtime = 15
debug hires timestamp (G)
Sometimes the timestamps in the log messages are needed with a resolution of higher that seconds,
this boolean parameter adds microsecond resolution to the timestamp message header when turned on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have an effect.
Default: debug hires timestamp = no
debug pid (G)
When using only one log file for more then one forked smbd(8)-process there may be hard to follow
which process outputs which message. This boolean parameter is adds the process-id to the time-stamp timestamp
stamp message headers in the logfile when turned on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have an effect.
Default: debug pid = no
debug prefix timestamp (G)
With this option enabled, the timestamp message header is prefixed to the debug message without
the filename and function information that is included with the debug timestamp parameter. This
gives timestamps to the messages without adding an additional line.
Note that this parameter overrides the debug timestamp parameter.
Default: debug prefix timestamp = no
timestamp logs
This parameter is a synonym for debug timestamp.
debug timestamp (G)
Samba debug log messages are timestamped by default. If you are running at a high debug level
these timestamps can be distracting. This boolean parameter allows timestamping to be turned off.
Default: debug timestamp = yes
debug uid (G)
Samba is sometimes run as root and sometime run as the connected user, this boolean parameter
inserts the current euid, egid, uid and gid to the timestamp message headers in the log file if
turned on.
Note that the parameter debug timestamp must be on for this to have an effect.
Default: debug uid = no
default case (S)
See the section on name mangling. Also note the short preserve case parameter.
Default: default case = lower
default devmode (S)
This parameter is only applicable to printable services. When smbd is serving Printer Drivers to
Windows NT/2k/XP clients, each printer on the Samba server has a Device Mode which defines things
such as paper size and orientation and duplex settings. The device mode can only correctly be gen-erated generated
erated by the printer driver itself (which can only be executed on a Win32 platform). Because smbd
is unable to execute the driver code to generate the device mode, the default behavior is to set
this field to NULL.
Most problems with serving printer drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP clients can be traced to a problem
with the generated device mode. Certain drivers will do things such as crashing the client's
Explorer.exe with a NULL devmode. However, other printer drivers can cause the client's spooler
service (spoolsv.exe) to die if the devmode was not created by the driver itself (i.e. smbd gener-ates generates
ates a default devmode).
This parameter should be used with care and tested with the printer driver in question. It is bet-ter better
ter to leave the device mode to NULL and let the Windows client set the correct values. Because
drivers do not do this all the time, setting default devmode = yes will instruct smbd to generate
a default one.
For more information on Windows NT/2k printing and Device Modes, see the MSDN documentation.
Default: default devmode = yes
default
This parameter is a synonym for default service.
default service (G)
This parameter specifies the name of a service which will be connected to if the service actually
requested cannot be found. Note that the square brackets are NOT given in the parameter value (see
example below).
There is no default value for this parameter. If this parameter is not given, attempting to con-nect connect
nect to a nonexistent service results in an error.
Typically the default service would be a guest ok, read-only service.
Also note that the apparent service name will be changed to equal that of the requested service,
this is very useful as it allows you to use macros like %S to make a wildcard service.
Note also that any "_" characters in the name of the service used in the default service will get
mapped to a "/". This allows for interesting things.
Default: default service =
Example: default service = pub
defer sharing violations (G)
Windows allows specifying how a file will be shared with other processes when it is opened. Shar-ing Sharing
ing violations occur when a file is opened by a different process using options that violate the
share settings specified by other processes. This parameter causes smbd to act as a Windows server
does, and defer returning a "sharing violation" error message for up to one second, allowing the
client to close the file causing the violation in the meantime.
UNIX by default does not have this behaviour.
There should be no reason to turn off this parameter, as it is designed to enable Samba to more
correctly emulate Windows.
Default: defer sharing violations = True
delete group script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run AS ROOT smbd(8) when a group is requested
to be deleted. It will expand any %g to the group name passed. This script is only useful for
installations using the Windows NT domain administration tools.
Default: delete group script =
deleteprinter command (G)
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printer support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, it
is now possible to delete printer at run time by issuing the DeletePrinter() RPC call.
For a Samba host this means that the printer must be physically deleted from underlying printing
system. The deleteprinter command defines a script to be run which will perform the necessary
operations for removing the printer from the print system and from smb.conf.
The deleteprinter command is automatically called with only one parameter: printer name.
Once the deleteprinter command has been executed, smbd will reparse the
smb.conf to associated printer no longer exists. If the sharename is still valid, then smbd will
return an ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.
Default: deleteprinter command =
Example: deleteprinter command = /usr/bin/removeprinter
delete readonly (S)
This parameter allows readonly files to be deleted. This is not normal DOS semantics, but is
allowed by UNIX.
This option may be useful for running applications such as rcs, where UNIX file ownership prevents
changing file permissions, and DOS semantics prevent deletion of a read only file.
Default: delete readonly = no
delete share command (G)
Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0
Server Manager. The delete share command is used to define an external program or script which
will remove an existing service definition from smb.conf. In order to successfully execute the
delete share command, smbd requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e.
uid == 0).
When executed, smbd will automatically invoke the delete share command with two parameters.
configFile - the location of the global smb.conf file.
shareName - the name of the existing service.
This parameter is only used to remove file shares. To delete printer shares, see the
deleteprinter command.
Default: delete share command =
Example: delete share command = /usr/local/bin/delshare
delete user from group script (G)
Full path to the script that will be called when a user is removed from a group using the Windows
NT domain administration tools. It will be run by smbd(8) AS ROOT. Any %g will be replaced with
the group name and any %u will be replaced with the user name.
Default: delete user from group script =
Example: delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/deluser %u %g
delete user script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run by smbd(8) when managing users with remote
RPC (NT) tools.
This script is called when a remote client removes a user from the server, normally using 'User
Manager for Domains' or rpcclient.
This script should delete the given UNIX username.
Default: delete user script =
Example: delete user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/del_user %u
delete veto files (S)
This option is used when Samba is attempting to delete a directory that contains one or more
vetoed directories (see the veto files option). If this option is set to no (the default) then if
a vetoed directory contains any non-vetoed files or directories then the directory delete will
fail. This is usually what you want.
If this option is set to yes, then Samba will attempt to recursively delete any files and directo-ries directories
ries within the vetoed directory. This can be useful for integration with file serving systems
such as NetAtalk which create meta-files within directories you might normally veto DOS/Windows
users from seeing (e.g. .AppleDouble)
Setting delete veto files = yes allows these directories to be transparently deleted when the par-ent parent
ent directory is deleted (so long as the user has permissions to do so).
Default: delete veto files = no
dfree cache time (S)
The dfree cache time should only be used on systems where a problem occurs with the internal disk
space calculations. This has been known to happen with Ultrix, but may occur with other operating
systems. The symptom that was seen was an error of "Abort Retry Ignore" at the end of each direc-tory directory
tory listing.
This is a new parameter introduced in Samba version 3.0.21. It specifies in seconds the time that
smbd will cache the output of a disk free query. If set to zero (the default) no caching is done.
This allows a heavily loaded server to prevent rapid spawning of dfree command scripts increasing
the load.
By default this parameter is zero, meaning no caching will be done.
No default
Example: dfree cache time = dfree cache time = 60
dfree command (S)
The dfree command setting should only be used on systems where a problem occurs with the internal
disk space calculations. This has been known to happen with Ultrix, but may occur with other oper-ating operating
ating systems. The symptom that was seen was an error of "Abort Retry Ignore" at the end of each
directory listing.
This setting allows the replacement of the internal routines to calculate the total disk space and
amount available with an external routine. The example below gives a possible script that might
fulfill this function.
In Samba version 3.0.21 this parameter has been changed to be a per-share parameter, and in addi-tion addition
tion the parameter dfree cache time was added to allow the output of this script to be cached for
systems under heavy load.
The external program will be passed a single parameter indicating a directory in the filesystem
being queried. This will typically consist of the string ./. The script should return two integers
in ASCII. The first should be the total disk space in blocks, and the second should be the number
of available blocks. An optional third return value can give the block size in bytes. The default
blocksize is 1024 bytes.
Note: Your script should NOT be setuid or setgid and should be owned by (and writeable only by)
root!
Where the script dfree (which must be made executable) could be:
#!/bin/sh
df $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $2" "$4}'
or perhaps (on Sys V based systems):
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/df -k $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $3" "$5}'
Note that you may have to replace the command names with full path names on some systems.
By default internal routines for determining the disk capacity and remaining space will be used.
No default
Example: dfree command = /usr/local/samba/bin/dfree
directory mode
This parameter is a synonym for directory mask.
directory mask (S)
This parameter is the octal modes which are used when converting DOS modes to UNIX modes when cre-ating creating
ating UNIX directories.
When a directory is created, the necessary permissions are calculated according to the mapping
from DOS modes to UNIX permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed with this
parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise MASK for the UNIX modes of a directory.
Any bit not set here will be removed from the modes set on a directory when it is created.
The default value of this parameter removes the 'group' and 'other' write bits from the UNIX mode,
allowing only the user who owns the directory to modify it.
Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode created from this parameter with the value
of the force directory mode parameter. This parameter is set to 000 by default (i.e. no extra mode
bits are added).
Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions set by Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the
administrator wishes to enforce a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the direc-tory directory
tory security mask.
Default: directory mask = 0755
Example: directory mask = 0775
directory security mask (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is
manipulating the UNIX permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to the changed permission bits, thus preventing
any bits not in this mask from being modified. Make sure not to mix up this parameter with force
directory security mode, which works similar like this one but uses logical OR instead of AND.
Essentially, zero bits in this mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed to
change.
If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0777 meaning a user is allowed to modify all the
user/group/world permissions on a directory.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this
restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of most
normal systems will probably want to leave it as the default of 0777.
Default: directory security mask = 0777
Example: directory security mask = 0700
disable netbios (G)
Enabling this parameter will disable netbios support in Samba. Netbios is the only available form
of browsing in all windows versions except for 2000 and XP.
Note
Clients that only support netbios won't be able to see your samba server when netbios support is
disabled. Default: disable netbios = no
disable spoolss (G)
Enabling this parameter will disable Samba's support for the SPOOLSS set of MS-RPC's and will
yield identical behavior as Samba 2.0.x. Windows NT/2000 clients will downgrade to using Lanman
style printing commands. Windows 9x/ME will be unaffected by the parameter. However, this will
also disable the ability to upload printer drivers to a Samba server via the Windows NT Add
Printer Wizard or by using the NT printer properties dialog window. It will also disable the capa-bility capability
bility of Windows NT/2000 clients to download print drivers from the Samba host upon demand. Be
very careful about enabling this parameter.
Default: disable spoolss = no
display charset (G)
Specifies the charset that samba will use to print messages to stdout and stderr. The default
value is "LOCALE", which means automatically set, depending on the current locale. The value
should generally be the same as the value of the parameter unix charset.
Default: display charset = "LOCALE" or "ASCII" (depending on the system)
Example: display charset = UTF8
dmapi support (S)
This parameter specifies whether Samba should use DMAPI to determine whether a file is offline or
not. This would typically be used in conjunction with a hierarchical storage system that automati-cally automatically
cally migrates files to tape.
Note that Samba infers the status of a file by examining the events that a DMAPI application has
registered interest in. This heuristic is satisfactory for a number of hierarchical storage sys-tems, systems,
tems, but there may be system for which it will fail. In this case, Samba may erroneously report
files to be offline.
This parameter is only available if a supported DMAPI implementation was found at compilation
time. It will only be used if DMAPI is found to enabled on the system at run time.
Default: dmapi support = no
dns proxy (G)
Specifies that nmbd(8) when acting as a WINS server and finding that a NetBIOS name has not been
registered, should treat the NetBIOS name word-for-word as a DNS name and do a lookup with the DNS
server for that name on behalf of the name-querying client.
Note that the maximum length for a NetBIOS name is 15 characters, so the DNS name (or DNS alias)
can likewise only be 15 characters, maximum.
nmbd spawns a second copy of itself to do the DNS name lookup requests, as doing a name lookup is
a blocking action.
Default: dns proxy = yes
domain logons (G)
If set to yes, the Samba server will provide the netlogon service for Windows 9X network logons
for the workgroup it is in. This will also cause the Samba server to act as a domain controller
for NT4 style domain services. For more details on setting up this feature see the Domain Control
chapter of the Samba HOWTO Collection.
Default: domain logons = no
domain master (G)
Tell smbd(8) to enable WAN-wide browse list collation. Setting this option causes nmbd to claim a
special domain specific NetBIOS name that identifies it as a domain master browser for its given
workgroup. Local master browsers in the same workgroup on broadcast-isolated subnets will give
this nmbd their local browse lists, and then ask smbd(8) for a complete copy of the browse list
for the whole wide area network. Browser clients will then contact their local master browser, and
will receive the domain-wide browse list, instead of just the list for their broadcast-isolated
subnet.
Note that Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers expect to be able to claim this workgroup specific
special NetBIOS name that identifies them as domain master browsers for that workgroup by default
(i.e. there is no way to prevent a Windows NT PDC from attempting to do this). This means that if
this parameter is set and nmbd claims the special name for a workgroup before a Windows NT PDC is
able to do so then cross subnet browsing will behave strangely and may fail.
If domain logons = yes, then the default behavior is to enable the domain master parameter. If
domain logons is not enabled (the default setting), then neither will domain master be enabled by
default.
When domain logons = Yes the default setting for this parameter is Yes, with the result that Samba
will be a PDC. If domain master = No, Samba will function as a BDC. In general, this parameter
should be set to 'No' only on a BDC.
Default: domain master = auto
dont descend (S)
There are certain directories on some systems (e.g., the /proc tree under Linux) that are either
not of interest to clients or are infinitely deep (recursive). This parameter allows you to spec-ify specify
ify a comma-delimited list of directories that the server should always show as empty.
Note that Samba can be very fussy about the exact format of the "dont descend" entries. For exam-ple example
ple you may need
./proc instead of just /proc. Experimentation is the best policy :-)
Default: dont descend =
Example: dont descend = /proc,/dev
dos charset (G)
DOS SMB clients assume the server has the same charset as they do. This option specifies which
charset Samba should talk to DOS clients.
The default depends on which charsets you have installed. Samba tries to use charset 850 but falls
back to ASCII in case it is not available. Run testparm(1) to check the default on your system.
No default
dos filemode (S)
The default behavior in Samba is to provide UNIX-like behavior where only the owner of a
file/directory is able to change the permissions on it. However, this behavior is often confusing
to DOS/Windows users. Enabling this parameter allows a user who has write access to the file (by
whatever means) to modify the permissions (including ACL) on it. Note that a user belonging to the
group owning the file will not be allowed to change permissions if the group is only granted read
access. Ownership of the file/directory may also be changed.
Default: dos filemode = no
dos filetime resolution (S)
Under the DOS and Windows FAT filesystem, the finest granularity on time resolution is two sec-onds. seconds.
onds. Setting this parameter for a share causes Samba to round the reported time down to the near-est nearest
est two second boundary when a query call that requires one second resolution is made to smbd(8).
This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual C++ when used against Samba
shares. If oplocks are enabled on a share, Visual C++ uses two different time reading calls to
check if a file has changed since it was last read. One of these calls uses a one-second granular-ity, granularity,
ity, the other uses a two second granularity. As the two second call rounds any odd second down,
then if the file has a timestamp of an odd number of seconds then the two timestamps will not
match and Visual C++ will keep reporting the file has changed. Setting this option causes the two
timestamps to match, and Visual C++ is happy.
Default: dos filetime resolution = no
dos filetimes (S)
Under DOS and Windows, if a user can write to a file they can change the timestamp on it. Under
POSIX semantics, only the owner of the file or root may change the timestamp. By default, Samba
runs with POSIX semantics and refuses to change the timestamp on a file if the user smbd is acting
on behalf of is not the file owner. Setting this option to
yes allows DOS semantics and smbd(8) will change the file timestamp as DOS requires. Due to
changes in Microsoft Office 2000 and beyond, the default for this parameter has been changed from
"no" to "yes" in Samba 3.0.14 and above. Microsoft Excel will display dialog box warnings about
the file being changed by another user if this parameter is not set to "yes" and files are being
shared between users.
Default: dos filetimes = yes
ea support (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will allow clients to attempt to store OS/2 style
Extended attributes on a share. In order to enable this parameter the underlying filesystem
exported by the share must support extended attributes (such as provided on XFS and EXT3 on Linux,
with the correct kernel patches). On Linux the filesystem must have been mounted with the mount
option user_xattr in order for extended attributes to work, also extended attributes must be com-piled compiled
piled into the Linux kernel.
Default: ea support = no
enable asu support (G)
Hosts running the "Advanced Server for Unix (ASU)" product require some special accomodations such
as creating a builting [ADMIN$] share that only supports IPC connections. The has been the default
behavior in smbd for many years. However, certain Microsoft applications such as the Print Migra-tor Migrator
tor tool require that the remote server support an [ADMIN$} file share. Disabling this parameter
allows for creating an [ADMIN$] file share in smb.conf.
Default: enable asu support = no
enable privileges (G)
This parameter controls whether or not smbd will honor privileges assigned to specific SIDs via
either net rpc rights or one of the Windows user and group manager tools. This parameter is
enabled by default. It can be disabled to prevent members of the Domain Admins group from being
able to assign privileges to users or groups which can then result in certain smbd operations run-ning running
ning as root that would normally run under the context of the connected user.
An example of how privileges can be used is to assign the right to join clients to a Samba con-trolled controlled
trolled domain without providing root access to the server via smbd.
Please read the extended description provided in the Samba HOWTO documentation.
Default: enable privileges = yes
encrypt passwords (G)
This boolean controls whether encrypted passwords will be negotiated with the client. Note that
Windows NT 4.0 SP3 and above and also Windows 98 will by default expect encrypted passwords unless
a registry entry is changed. To use encrypted passwords in Samba see the chapter "User Database"
in the Samba HOWTO Collection.
MS Windows clients that expect Microsoft encrypted passwords and that do not have plain text pass-word password
word support enabled will be able to connect only to a Samba server that has encrypted password
support enabled and for which the user accounts have a valid encrypted password. Refer to the smb-passwd smbpasswd
passwd command man page for information regarding the creation of encrypted passwords for user
accounts.
The use of plain text passwords is NOT advised as support for this feature is no longer maintained
in Microsoft Windows products. If you want to use plain text passwords you must set this parameter
to no.
In order for encrypted passwords to work correctly smbd(8) must either have access to a local smb-passwd(5) smbpasswd(5)
passwd(5) file (see the smbpasswd(8) program for information on how to set up and maintain this
file), or set the security = [server|domain|ads] parameter which causes smbd to authenticate
against another server.
Default: encrypt passwords = yes
enhanced browsing (G)
This option enables a couple of enhancements to cross-subnet browse propagation that have been
added in Samba but which are not standard in Microsoft implementations.
The first enhancement to browse propagation consists of a regular wildcard query to a Samba WINS
server for all Domain Master Browsers, followed by a browse synchronization with each of the
returned DMBs. The second enhancement consists of a regular randomised browse synchronization with
all currently known DMBs.
You may wish to disable this option if you have a problem with empty workgroups not disappearing
from browse lists. Due to the restrictions of the browse protocols these enhancements can cause a
empty workgroup to stay around forever which can be annoying.
In general you should leave this option enabled as it makes cross-subnet browse propagation much
more reliable.
Default: enhanced browsing = yes
enumports command (G)
The concept of a "port" is fairly foreign to UNIX hosts. Under Windows NT/2000 print servers, a
port is associated with a port monitor and generally takes the form of a local port (i.e. LPT1:,
COM1:, FILE:) or a remote port (i.e. LPD Port Monitor, etc...). By default, Samba has only one
port defined--"Samba Printer Port". Under Windows NT/2000, all printers must have a valid port
name. If you wish to have a list of ports displayed (smbd does not use a port name for anything)
other than the default "Samba Printer Port", you can define enumports command to point to a pro-gram program
gram which should generate a list of ports, one per line, to standard output. This listing will
then be used in response to the level 1 and 2 EnumPorts() RPC.
Default: enumports command =
Example: enumports command = /usr/bin/listports
eventlog list (G)
This option defines a list of log names that Samba will report to the Microsoft EventViewer util-ity. utility.
ity. The listed eventlogs will be associated with tdb file on disk in the $(lockdir)/eventlog.
The administrator must use an external process to parse the normal Unix logs such as /var/log/mes-sages /var/log/messages
sages and write then entries to the eventlog tdb files. Refer to the eventlogadm(8) utility for
how to write eventlog entries.
Default: eventlog list =
Example: eventlog list = Security Application Syslog Apache
fake directory create times (S)
NTFS and Windows VFAT file systems keep a create time for all files and directories. This is not
the same as the ctime - status change time - that Unix keeps, so Samba by default reports the ear-liest earliest
liest of the various times Unix does keep. Setting this parameter for a share causes Samba to
always report midnight 1-1-1980 as the create time for directories.
This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual C++ when used against Samba
shares. Visual C++ generated makefiles have the object directory as a dependency for each object
file, and a make rule to create the directory. Also, when NMAKE compares timestamps it uses the
creation time when examining a directory. Thus the object directory will be created if it does not
exist, but once it does exist it will always have an earlier timestamp than the object files it
contains.
However, Unix time semantics mean that the create time reported by Samba will be updated whenever
a file is created or or deleted in the directory. NMAKE finds all object files in the object
directory. The timestamp of the last one built is then compared to the timestamp of the object
directory. If the directory's timestamp if newer, then all object files will be rebuilt. Enabling
this option ensures directories always predate their contents and an NMAKE build will proceed as
expected.
Default: fake directory create times = no
fake oplocks (S)
Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get permission from a server to locally cache file opera-tions. operations.
tions. If a server grants an oplock (opportunistic lock) then the client is free to assume that it
is the only one accessing the file and it will aggressively cache file data. With some oplock
types the client may even cache file open/close operations. This can give enormous performance
benefits.
When you set fake oplocks = yes, smbd(8) will always grant oplock requests no matter how many
clients are using the file.
It is generally much better to use the real oplocks support rather than this parameter.
If you enable this option on all read-only shares or shares that you know will only be accessed
from one client at a time such as physically read-only media like CDROMs, you will see a big per-formance performance
formance improvement on many operations. If you enable this option on shares where multiple
clients may be accessing the files read-write at the same time you can get data corruption. Use
this option carefully!
Default: fake oplocks = no
follow symlinks (S)
This parameter allows the Samba administrator to stop smbd(8) from following symbolic links in a
particular share. Setting this parameter to no prevents any file or directory that is a symbolic
link from being followed (the user will get an error). This option is very useful to stop users
from adding a symbolic link to /etc/passwd in their home directory for instance. However it will
slow filename lookups down slightly.
This option is enabled (i.e. smbd will follow symbolic links) by default.
Default: follow symlinks = yes
force create mode (S)
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit permissions that will always be set on a file cre-ated created
ated by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto the mode bits of a file that is
being created or having its permissions changed. The default for this parameter is (in octal) 000.
The modes in this parameter are bitwise 'OR'ed onto the file mode after the mask set in the create
mask parameter is applied.
The example below would force all created files to have read and execute permissions set for
'group' and 'other' as well as the read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.
Default: force create mode = 000
Example: force create mode = 0755
force directory mode (S)
This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit permissions that will always be set on a directory
created by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto the mode bits of a directory
that is being created. The default for this parameter is (in octal) 0000 which will not add any
extra permission bits to a created directory. This operation is done after the mode mask in the
parameter directory mask is applied.
The example below would force all created directories to have read and execute permissions set for
'group' and 'other' as well as the read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.
Default: force directory mode = 000
Example: force directory mode = 0755
force directory security mode (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is
manipulating the UNIX permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the changed permission bits, thus forcing any
bits in this mask that the user may have modified to be on. Make sure not to mix up this parameter
with directory security mask, which works in a similar manner to this one, but uses a logical AND
instead of an OR.
Essentially, this mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security on a direc-tory, directory,
tory, to will enable (1) any flags that are off (0) but which the mask has set to on (1).
If not set explicitly this parameter is 0000, which allows a user to modify all the
user/group/world permissions on a directory without restrictions.
Note
Users who can access the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, so
it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal systems
will probably want to leave it set as 0000. Default: force directory security mode = 0
Example: force directory security mode = 700
group
This parameter is a synonym for force group.
force group (S)
This specifies a UNIX group name that will be assigned as the default primary group for all users
connecting to this service. This is useful for sharing files by ensuring that all access to files
on service will use the named group for their permissions checking. Thus, by assigning permissions
for this group to the files and directories within this service the Samba administrator can
restrict or allow sharing of these files.
In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter has extended functionality in the following way. If the
group name listed here has a '+' character prepended to it then the current user accessing the
share only has the primary group default assigned to this group if they are already assigned as a
member of that group. This allows an administrator to decide that only users who are already in a
particular group will create files with group ownership set to that group. This gives a finer
granularity of ownership assignment. For example, the setting force group = +sys means that only
users who are already in group sys will have their default primary group assigned to sys when
accessing this Samba share. All other users will retain their ordinary primary group.
If the force user parameter is also set the group specified in force group will override the pri-mary primary
mary group set in force user.
Default: force group =
Example: force group = agroup
force printername (S)
When printing from Windows NT (or later), each printer in smb.conf has two associated names which
can be used by the client. The first is the sharename (or shortname) defined in smb.conf. This is
the only printername available for use by Windows 9x clients. The second name associated with a
printer can be seen when browsing to the "Printers" (or "Printers and Faxes") folder on the Samba
server. This is referred to simply as the printername (not to be confused with the printer name
option).
When assigning a new driver to a printer on a remote Windows compatible print server such as
Samba, the Windows client will rename the printer to match the driver name just uploaded. This can
result in confusion for users when multiple printers are bound to the same driver. To prevent
Samba from allowing the printer's printername to differ from the sharename defined in smb.conf,
set force printername = yes.
Be aware that enabling this parameter may affect migrating printers from a Windows server to Samba
since Windows has no way to force the sharename and printername to match.
It is recommended that this parameter's value not be changed once the printer is in use by clients
as this could cause a user not be able to delete printer connections from their local Printers
folder.
Default: force printername = no
force security mode (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is
manipulating the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the changed permission bits, thus forcing any
bits in this mask that the user may have modified to be on. Make sure not to mix up this parameter
with security mask, which works similar like this one but uses logical AND instead of OR.
Essentially, one bits in this mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security
on a file, the user has always set to be on.
If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0, and allows a user to modify all the
user/group/world permissions on a file, with no restrictions.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this
restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of most
normal systems will probably want to leave this set to 0000.
Default: force security mode = 0
Example: force security mode = 700
force unknown acl user (S)
If this parameter is set, a Windows NT ACL that contains an unknown SID (security descriptor, or
representation of a user or group id) as the owner or group owner of the file will be silently
mapped into the current UNIX uid or gid of the currently connected user.
This is designed to allow Windows NT clients to copy files and folders containing ACLs that were
created locally on the client machine and contain users local to that machine only (no domain
users) to be copied to a Samba server (usually with XCOPY /O) and have the unknown userid and
groupid of the file owner map to the current connected user. This can only be fixed correctly when
winbindd allows arbitrary mapping from any Windows NT SID to a UNIX uid or gid.
Try using this parameter when XCOPY /O gives an ACCESS_DENIED error.
Default: force unknown acl user = no
force user (S)
This specifies a UNIX user name that will be assigned as the default user for all users connecting
to this service. This is useful for sharing files. You should also use it carefully as using it
incorrectly can cause security problems.
This user name only gets used once a connection is established. Thus clients still need to connect
as a valid user and supply a valid password. Once connected, all file operations will be performed
as the "forced user", no matter what username the client connected as. This can be very useful.
In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter also causes the primary group of the forced user to be
used as the primary group for all file activity. Prior to 2.0.5 the primary group was left as the
primary group of the connecting user (this was a bug).
Default: force user =
Example: force user = auser
fstype (S)
This parameter allows the administrator to configure the string that specifies the type of
filesystem a share is using that is reported by smbd(8) when a client queries the filesystem type
for a share. The default type is NTFS for compatibility with Windows NT but this can be changed to
other strings such as Samba or FAT if required.
Default: fstype = NTFS
Example: fstype = Samba
get quota command (G)
The get quota command should only be used whenever there is no operating system API available from
the OS that samba can use.
This option is only available with was used and a working quota api was found in the system.
This parameter should specify the path to a script that queries the quota information for the
specified user/group for the partition that the specified directory is on.
Such a script should take 3 arguments:
directory
type of query
uid of user or gid of group
The type of query can be one of :
1 - user quotas
2 - user default quotas (uid = -1)
3 - group quotas
4 - group default quotas (gid = -1)
This script should print one line as output with spaces between the arguments. The arguments
are:
Arg 1 - quota flags (0 = no quotas, 1 = quotas enabled, 2 = quotas enabled and enforced)
Arg 2 - number of currently used blocks
Arg 3 - the softlimit number of blocks
Arg 4 - the hardlimit number of blocks
Arg 5 - currently used number of inodes
Arg 6 - the softlimit number of inodes
Arg 7 - the hardlimit number of inodes
Arg 8(optional) - the number of bytes in a block(default is 1024)
Default: get quota command =
Example: get quota command = /usr/local/sbin/query_quota
getwd cache (G)
This is a tuning option. When this is enabled a caching algorithm will be used to reduce the time
taken for getwd() calls. This can have a significant impact on performance, especially when the
wide smbconfoptions parameter is set to no.
Default: getwd cache = yes
guest account (G)
This is a username which will be used for access to services which are specified as guest ok (see
below). Whatever privileges this user has will be available to any client connecting to the guest
service. This user must exist in the password file, but does not require a valid login. The user
account "ftp" is often a good choice for this parameter.
On some systems the default guest account "nobody" may not be able to print. Use another account
in this case. You should test this by trying to log in as your guest user (perhaps by using the su
- command) and trying to print using the system print command such as lpr(1) or lp(1).
This parameter does not accept % macros, because many parts of the system require this value to be
constant for correct operation.
Default: guest account = nobody # default can be changed at compile-time
Example: guest account = ftp
public
This parameter is a synonym for guest ok.
guest ok (S)
If this parameter is yes for a service, then no password is required to connect to the service.
Privileges will be those of the guest account.
This paramater nullifies the benifits of setting restrict anonymous = 2
See the section below on security for more information about this option.
Default: guest ok = no
only guest
This parameter is a synonym for guest only.
guest only (S)
If this parameter is yes for a service, then only guest connections to the service are permitted.
This parameter will have no effect if guest ok is not set for the service.
See the section below on security for more information about this option.
Default: guest only = no
hide dot files (S)
This is a boolean parameter that controls whether files starting with a dot appear as hidden
files.
Default: hide dot files = yes
hide files (S)
This is a list of files or directories that are not visible but are accessible. The DOS 'hidden'
attribute is applied to any files or directories that match.
Each entry in the list must be separated by a '/', which allows spaces to be included in the
entry. '*' and '?' can be used to specify multiple files or directories as in DOS wildcards.
Each entry must be a Unix path, not a DOS path and must not include the Unix directory separator
'/'.
Note that the case sensitivity option is applicable in hiding files.
Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, as it will be forced to check all
files and directories for a match as they are scanned.
The example shown above is based on files that the Macintosh SMB client (DAVE) available from
Thursby creates for internal use, and also still hides all files beginning with a dot.
An example of us of this parameter is:
hide files = /.*/DesktopFolderDB/TrashFor%m/resource.frk/
Default: hide files = # no file are hidden
hide special files (S)
This parameter prevents clients from seeing special files such as sockets, devices and fifo's in
directory listings.
Default: hide special files = no
hide unreadable (S)
This parameter prevents clients from seeing the existance of files that cannot be read. Defaults
to off.
Default: hide unreadable = no
hide unwriteable files (S)
This parameter prevents clients from seeing the existance of files that cannot be written to.
Defaults to off. Note that unwriteable directories are shown as usual.
Default: hide unwriteable files = no
homedir map (G)
If nis homedir is yes, and smbd(8) is also acting as a Win95/98 logon server then this parameter
specifies the NIS (or YP) map from which the server for the user's home directory should be
extracted. At present, only the Sun auto.home map format is understood. The form of the map is:
username server:/some/file/system
and the program will extract the servername from before the first ':'. There should probably be a
better parsing system that copes with different map formats and also Amd (another automounter)
maps.
Note
A working NIS client is required on the system for this option to work. Default: homedir map =
Example: homedir map = amd.homedir
host msdfs (G)
If set to yes, Samba will act as a Dfs server, and allow Dfs-aware clients to browse Dfs trees
hosted on the server.
See also the msdfs root share level parameter. For more information on setting up a Dfs tree on
Samba, refer to the MSFDS chapter in the book Samba3-HOWTO.
Default: host msdfs = yes
hostname lookups (G)
Specifies whether samba should use (expensive) hostname lookups or use the ip addresses instead.
An example place where hostname lookups are currently used is when checking the hosts deny and
hosts allow.
Default: hostname lookups = no
Example: hostname lookups = yes
allow hosts
This parameter is a synonym for hosts allow.
hosts allow (S)
A synonym for this parameter is allow hosts.
This parameter is a comma, space, or tab delimited set of hosts which are permitted to access a
service.
If specified in the [global] section then it will apply to all services, regardless of whether the
individual service has a different setting.
You can specify the hosts by name or IP number. For example, you could restrict access to only the
hosts on a Class C subnet with something like allow hosts = 150.203.5.. The full syntax of the
list is described in the man page hosts_access(5). Note that this man page may not be present on
your system, so a brief description will be given here also.
Note that the localhost address 127.0.0.1 will always be allowed access unless specifically denied
by a hosts deny option.
You can also specify hosts by network/netmask pairs and by netgroup names if your system supports
netgroups. The EXCEPT keyword can also be used to limit a wildcard list. The following examples
may provide some help:
Example 1: allow all IPs in 150.203.*.*; except one
hosts allow = 150.203. EXCEPT 150.203.6.66
Example 2: allow hosts that match the given network/netmask
hosts allow = 150.203.15.0/255.255.255.0
Example 3: allow a couple of hosts
hosts allow = lapland, arvidsjaur
Example 4: allow only hosts in NIS netgroup "foonet", but deny access from one particular host
hosts allow = @foonet
hosts deny = pirate
Note
Note that access still requires suitable user-level passwords. See testparm(1) for a way of test-ing testing
ing your host access to see if it does what you expect.
Default: hosts allow = # none (i.e., all hosts permitted access)
Example: hosts allow = 150.203.5. myhost.mynet.edu.au
deny hosts
This parameter is a synonym for hosts deny.
hosts deny (S)
The opposite of hosts allow - hosts listed here are NOT permitted access to services unless the
specific services have their own lists to override this one. Where the lists conflict, the allow
list takes precedence.
In the event that it is necessary to deny all by default, use the keyword ALL (or the netmask
0.0.0.0/0) and then explicitly specify to the hosts allow = hosts allow parameter those hosts that
should be permitted access.
Default: hosts deny = # none (i.e., no hosts specifically excluded)
Example: hosts deny = 150.203.4. badhost.mynet.edu.au
idmap alloc backend (G)
The idmap alloc backend provides a plugin interface for Winbind to use when allocating Unix
uids/gids for Windows SIDs. This option is to be used in conjunction with the idmap domains param-eter parameter
eter and refers to the name of the idmap module which will provide the id allocation functional-ity. functionality.
ity. Please refer to the man page for each idmap plugin to determine whether or not the module
implements the allocation feature. The most common plugins are the tdb (idmap_tdb(8)) and ldap
(idmap_ldap(8)) libraries.
Also refer to the idmap alloc config option.
No default
Example: idmap alloc backend = tdb
idmap alloc config (G)
The idmap alloc config prefix provides a means of managing settings for the backend defined by the
idmap alloc backend parameter. Refer to the man page for each idmap plugin regarding specific con-figuration configuration
figuration details.
No default
idmap backend (G)
The idmap backend provides a plugin interface for Winbind to use varying backends to store
SID/uid/gid mapping tables. This option is mutually exclusive with the newer and more flexible
idmap domains parameter. The main difference between the "idmap backend" and the "idmap domains"
is that the former only allows on backend for all domains while the latter supports configuring
backends on a per domain basis.
Examples of SID/uid/gid backends include tdb (idmap_tdb(8)), ldap (idmap_ldap(8)), rid
(idmap_rid(8)), and ad (idmap_tdb(8)).
Default: idmap backend = tdb
idmap cache time (G)
This parameter specifies the number of seconds that Winbind's idmap interface will cache positive
SID/uid/gid query results.
Default: idmap cache time = 900
idmap config (G)
The idmap config prefix provides a means of managing each domain defined by the idmap domains
option using Samba's parameteric option support. The idmap config prefix should be followed by the
name of the domain, a colon, and a setting specific to the chosen backend. There are three options
available for all domains:
backend = backend_name
Specifies the name of the idmap plugin to use as the SID/uid/gid backend for this domain.
default = [yes|no]
The default domain/backend will be used for searching for users and groups not belonging to
one of the explicitly listed domains (matched by comparing the account SID and the domain
SID).
readonly = [yes|no]
Mark the domain as readonly which means that no attempts to allocate a uid or gid (by the
idmap alloc backend) for any user or group in that domain will be attempted.
The following example illustrates how to configure the idmap_ad(8) for the CORP domain and the
idmap_tdb(8) backend for all other domains. The TRUSTEDDOMAINS string is simply a key used to
reference the "idmap config" settings and does not represent the actual name of a domain.
idmap domains = CORP TRUSTEDDOMAINS
idmap config CORP:backend = ad
idmap config CORP:readonly = yes
idmap config TRUSTEDDOMAINS:backend = tdb
idmap config TRUSTEDDOMAINS:default = yes
idmap config TRUSTEDDOMAINS:range = 1000 - 9999
No default
idmap domains (G)
The idmap domains option defines a list of Windows domains which will each have a separately con-figured configured
figured backend for managing Winbind's SID/uid/gid tables. This parameter is mutually exclusive
with the older idmap backend option.
Values consist of the short domain name for Winbind's primary or collection of trusted domains.
You may also use an arbitrary string to represent a catchall domain backend for any domain not
explicitly listed.
Refer to the idmap config for details about managing the SID/uid/gid backend for each domain.
No default
Example: idmap domains = default AD CORP
winbind gid
This parameter is a synonym for idmap gid.
idmap gid (G)
The idmap gid parameter specifies the range of group ids that are allocated for the purpose of
mapping UNX groups to NT group SIDs. This range of group ids should have no existing local or NIS
groups within it as strange conflicts can occur otherwise.
See also the idmap backend, idmap domains, and idmap config options.
Default: idmap gid =
Example: idmap gid = 10000-20000
idmap negative cache time (G)
This parameter specifies the number of seconds that Winbind's idmap interface will cache negative
SID/uid/gid query results.
Default: idmap negative cache time = 120
winbind uid
This parameter is a synonym for idmap uid.
idmap uid (G)
The idmap uid parameter specifies the range of user ids that are allocated for use in mapping UNIX
users to NT user SIDs. This range of ids should have no existing local or NIS users within it as
strange conflicts can occur otherwise.
See also the idmap backend, idmap domains, and idmap config options.
Default: idmap uid =
Example: idmap uid = 10000-20000
include (G)
This allows you to include one config file inside another. The file is included literally, as
though typed in place.
It takes the standard substitutions, except %u, %P and %S.
Default: include =
Example: include = /usr/local/samba/lib/admin_smb.conf
inherit acls (S)
This parameter can be used to ensure that if default acls exist on parent directories, they are
always honored when creating a new file or subdirectory in these parent directories. The default
behavior is to use the unix mode specified when creating the directory. Enabling this option sets
the unix mode to 0777, thus guaranteeing that default directory acls are propagated.
Default: inherit acls = no
inherit owner (S)
The ownership of new files and directories is normally governed by effective uid of the connected
user. This option allows the Samba administrator to specify that the ownership for new files and
directories should be controlled by the ownership of the parent directory.
Common scenarios where this behavior is useful is in implementing drop-boxes where users can cre-ate create
ate and edit files but not delete them and to ensure that newly create files in a user's roaming
profile directory are actually owner by the user.
Default: inherit owner = no
inherit permissions (S)
The permissions on new files and directories are normally governed by create mask, directory mask,
force create mode and force directory mode but the boolean inherit permissions parameter overrides
this.
New directories inherit the mode of the parent directory, including bits such as setgid.
New files inherit their read/write bits from the parent directory. Their execute bits continue to
be determined by map archive, map hidden and map system as usual.
Note that the setuid bit is never set via inheritance (the code explicitly prohibits this).
This can be particularly useful on large systems with many users, perhaps several thousand, to
allow a single [homes] share to be used flexibly by each user.
Default: inherit permissions = no
interfaces (G)
This option allows you to override the default network interfaces list that Samba will use for
browsing, name registration and other NBT traffic. By default Samba will query the kernel for the
list of all active interfaces and use any interfaces except 127.0.0.1 that are broadcast capable.
The option takes a list of interface strings. Each string can be in any of the following forms:
a network interface name (such as eth0). This may include shell-like wildcards so eth* will
match any interface starting with the substring "eth"
an IP address. In this case the netmask is determined from the list of interfaces obtained
from the kernel
an IP/mask pair.
a broadcast/mask pair.
The "mask" parameters can either be a bit length (such as 24 for a C class network) or a full
netmask in dotted decimal form.
The "IP" parameters above can either be a full dotted decimal IP address or a hostname which
will be looked up via the OS's normal hostname resolution mechanisms.
By default Samba enables all active interfaces that are broadcast capable except the loopback
adaptor (IP address 127.0.0.1).
The example below configures three network interfaces corresponding to the eth0 device and IP
addresses 192.168.2.10 and 192.168.3.10. The netmasks of the latter two interfaces would be set
to 255.255.255.0.
Default: interfaces =
Example: interfaces = eth0 192.168.2.10/24 192.168.3.10/255.255.255.0
invalid users (S)
This is a list of users that should not be allowed to login to this service. This is really a
paranoid check to absolutely ensure an improper setting does not breach your security.
A name starting with a '@' is interpreted as an NIS netgroup first (if your system supports NIS),
and then as a UNIX group if the name was not found in the NIS netgroup database.
A name starting with '+' is interpreted only by looking in the UNIX group database via the NSS
getgrnam() interface. A name starting with '&' is interpreted only by looking in the NIS netgroup
database (this requires NIS to be working on your system). The characters '+' and '&' may be used
at the start of the name in either order so the value +&group means check the UNIX group database,
followed by the NIS netgroup database, and the value &+group means check the NIS netgroup data-base, database,
base, followed by the UNIX group database (the same as the '@' prefix).
The current servicename is substituted for %S. This is useful in the [homes] section.
Default: invalid users = # no invalid users
Example: invalid users = root fred admin @wheel
iprint server (G)
This parameter is only applicable if printing is set to iprint.
If set, this option overrides the ServerName option in the CUPS client.conf. This is necessary if
you have virtual samba servers that connect to different CUPS daemons.
Default: iprint server = ""
Example: iprint server = MYCUPSSERVER
keepalive (G)
The value of the parameter (an integer) represents the number of seconds between keepalive pack-ets. packets.
ets. If this parameter is zero, no keepalive packets will be sent. Keepalive packets, if sent,
allow the server to tell whether a client is still present and responding.
Keepalives should, in general, not be needed if the socket has the SO_KEEPALIVE attribute set on
it by default. (see socket options). Basically you should only use this option if you strike dif-ficulties. difficulties.
ficulties.
Default: keepalive = 300
Example: keepalive = 600
kernel change notify (S)
This parameter specifies whether Samba should ask the kernel for change notifications in directo-ries directories
ries so that SMB clients can refresh whenever the data on the server changes.
This parameter is only used when your kernel supports change notification to user programs using
the inotify interface.
Default: kernel change notify = yes
kernel oplocks (G)
For UNIXes that support kernel based oplocks (currently only IRIX and the Linux 2.4 kernel), this
parameter allows the use of them to be turned on or off.
Kernel oplocks support allows Samba oplocks to be broken whenever a local UNIX process or NFS
operation accesses a file that smbd(8) has oplocked. This allows complete data consistency between
SMB/CIFS, NFS and local file access (and is a very cool feature :-).
This parameter defaults to on, but is translated to a no-op on systems that no not have the neces-sary necessary
sary kernel support. You should never need to touch this parameter.
Default: kernel oplocks = yes
lanman auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbd(8) will attempt to authenticate users or permit
password changes using the LANMAN password hash. If disabled, only clients which support NT pass-word password
word hashes (e.g. Windows NT/2000 clients, smbclient, but not Windows 95/98 or the MS DOS network
client) will be able to connect to the Samba host.
The LANMAN encrypted response is easily broken, due to it's case-insensitive nature, and the
choice of algorithm. Servers without Windows 95/98/ME or MS DOS clients are advised to disable
this option.
Unlike the encrypt passwords option, this parameter cannot alter client behaviour, and the LANMAN
response will still be sent over the network. See the client lanman auth to disable this for
Samba's clients (such as smbclient)
If this option, and ntlm auth are both disabled, then only NTLMv2 logins will be permited. Not all
clients support NTLMv2, and most will require special configuration to use it.
Default: lanman auth = yes
large readwrite (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbd(8) supports the new 64k streaming read and write
varient SMB requests introduced with Windows 2000. Note that due to Windows 2000 client redirector
bugs this requires Samba to be running on a 64-bit capable operating system such as IRIX, Solaris
or a Linux 2.4 kernel. Can improve performance by 10% with Windows 2000 clients. Defaults to on.
Not as tested as some other Samba code paths.
Default: large readwrite = yes
ldap admin dn (G)
The ldap admin dn defines the Distinguished Name (DN) name used by Samba to contact the ldap
server when retreiving user account information. The ldap admin dn is used in conjunction with the
admin dn password stored in the private/secrets.tdb file. See the smbpasswd(8) man page for more
information on how to accomplish this.
The ldap admin dn requires a fully specified DN. The ldap suffix is not appended to the ldap admin
dn.
No default
ldap delete dn (G)
This parameter specifies whether a delete operation in the ldapsam deletes the complete entry or
only the attributes specific to Samba.
Default: ldap delete dn = no
ldap group suffix (G)
This parameter specifies the suffix that is used for groups when these are added to the LDAP
directory. If this parameter is unset, the value of ldap suffix will be used instead. The suffix
string is pre-pended to the ldap suffix string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap group suffix =
Example: ldap group suffix = ou=Groups
ldap idmap suffix (G)
This parameters specifies the suffix that is used when storing idmap mappings. If this parameter
is unset, the value of ldap suffix will be used instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to the
ldap suffix string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap idmap suffix =
Example: ldap idmap suffix = ou=Idmap
ldap machine suffix (G)
It specifies where machines should be added to the ldap tree. If this parameter is unset, the
value of ldap suffix will be used instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to the ldap suffix
string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap machine suffix =
Example: ldap machine suffix = ou=Computers
ldap passwd sync (G)
This option is used to define whether or not Samba should sync the LDAP password with the NT and
LM hashes for normal accounts (NOT for workstation, server or domain trusts) on a password change
via SAMBA.
The ldap passwd sync can be set to one of three values:
Yes = Try to update the LDAP, NT and LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.
No = Update NT and LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.
Only = Only update the LDAP password and let the LDAP server do the rest.
Default: ldap passwd sync = no
ldap replication sleep (G)
When Samba is asked to write to a read-only LDAP replica, we are redirected to talk to the read-write readwrite
write master server. This server then replicates our changes back to the 'local' server, however
the replication might take some seconds, especially over slow links. Certain client activities,
particularly domain joins, can become confused by the 'success' that does not immediately change
the LDAP back-end's data.
This option simply causes Samba to wait a short time, to allow the LDAP server to catch up. If you
have a particularly high-latency network, you may wish to time the LDAP replication with a network
sniffer, and increase this value accordingly. Be aware that no checking is performed that the data
has actually replicated.
The value is specified in milliseconds, the maximum value is 5000 (5 seconds).
Default: ldap replication sleep = 1000
ldapsam:editposix (G)
Editposix is an option that leverages ldapsam:trusted to make it simpler to manage a domain con-troller controller
troller eliminating the need to set up custom scripts to add and manage the posix users and
groups. This option will instead directly manipulate the ldap tree to create, remove and modify
user and group entries. This option also requires a running winbindd as it is used to allocate new
uids/gids on user/group creation. The allocation range must be therefore configured.
To use this option, a basic ldap tree must be provided and the ldap suffix parameters must be
properly configured. On virgin servers the default users and groups (Administrator, Guest, Domain
Users, Domain Admins, Domain Guests) can be precreated with the command net sam provision. To run
this command the ldap server must be running, Winindd must be running and the smb.conf ldap
options must be properly configured. The typical ldap setup used with the ldapsam:trusted = yes
option is usually sufficient to use ldapsam:editposix = yes as well.
An example configuration can be the following:
encrypt passwords = true
passdb backend = ldapsam
ldapsam:trusted=yes
ldapsam:editposix=yes
ldap admin dn = cn=admin,dc=samba,dc=org
ldap delete dn = yes
ldap group suffix = ou=groups
ldap idmap suffix = ou=idmap
ldap machine suffix = ou=computers
ldap user suffix = ou=users
ldap suffix = dc=samba,dc=org
idmap backend = ldap:"ldap://localhost"
idmap uid = 5000-50000
idmap gid = 5000-50000
This configuration assume the ldap server have been loaded with a base tree like described in the
following ldif:
dn: dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: dcObject
objectClass: organization
o: samba.org
dc: samba
dn: cn=admin,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
objectClass: organizationalRole
cn: admin
description: LDAP administrator
userPassword: secret
dn: ou=users,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: users
dn: ou=groups,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: groups
dn: ou=idmap,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: idmap
dn: ou=computers,dc=samba,dc=org
objectClass: top
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: computers
Default: ldapsam:editposix = no
ldapsam:trusted (G)
By default, Samba as a Domain Controller with an LDAP backend needs to use the Unix-style NSS sub-system subsystem
system to access user and group information. Due to the way Unix stores user information in
/etc/passwd and /etc/group this inevitably leads to inefficiencies. One important question a user
needs to know is the list of groups he is member of. The plain UNIX model involves a complete enu-meration enumeration
meration of the file /etc/group and its NSS counterparts in LDAP. UNIX has optimized functions to
enumerate group membership. Sadly, other functions that are used to deal with user and group
attributes lack such optimization.
To make Samba scale well in large environments, the ldapsam:trusted = yes option assumes that the
complete user and group database that is relevant to Samba is stored in LDAP with the standard
posixAccount/posixGroup attributes. It further assumes that the Samba auxiliary object classes are
stored together with the POSIX data in the same LDAP object. If these assumptions are met, ldap-sam:trusted ldapsam:trusted
sam:trusted = yes can be activated and Samba can bypass the NSS system to query user group member-ships. memberships.
ships. Optimized LDAP queries can greatly speed up domain logon and administration tasks. Depend-ing Depending
ing on the size of the LDAP database a factor of 100 or more for common queries is easily
achieved.
Default: ldapsam:trusted = no
ldap ssl (G)
This option is used to define whether or not Samba should use SSL when connecting to the ldap
server This is NOT related to Samba's previous SSL support which was enabled by specifying the
--with-ssl option to the configure script.
The ldap ssl can be set to one of three values:
Off = Never use SSL when querying the directory.
Start_tls = Use the LDAPv3 StartTLS extended operation (RFC2830) for communicating with the
directory server.
On = Use SSL on the ldaps port when contacting the ldap server. Only available when the
backwards-compatiblity --with-ldapsam option is specified to configure. See passdb backend
.RE
Default: ldap ssl = start_tls
ldap suffix (G)
Specifies the base for all ldap suffixes and for storing the sambaDomain object.
The ldap suffix will be appended to the values specified for the ldap user suffix, ldap group
suffix, ldap machine suffix, and the ldap idmap suffix. Each of these should be given only a DN
relative to the ldap suffix.
Default: ldap suffix =
Example: ldap suffix = dc=samba,dc=org
ldap timeout (G)
When Samba connects to an ldap server that servermay be down or unreachable. To prevent Samba
from hanging whilst waiting for the connection this parameter specifies in seconds how long
Samba should wait before failing the connect. The default is to only wait fifteen seconds for
the ldap server to respond to the connect request.
Default: ldap timeout = 15
ldap user suffix (G)
This parameter specifies where users are added to the tree. If this parameter is unset, the
value of ldap suffix will be used instead. The suffix string is pre-pended to the ldap suffix
string so use a partial DN.
Default: ldap user suffix =
Example: ldap user suffix = ou=people
level2 oplocks (S)
This parameter controls whether Samba supports level2 (read-only) oplocks on a share.
Level2, or read-only oplocks allow Windows NT clients that have an oplock on a file to down-grade downgrade
grade from a read-write oplock to a read-only oplock once a second client opens the file
(instead of releasing all oplocks on a second open, as in traditional, exclusive oplocks). This
allows all openers of the file that support level2 oplocks to cache the file for read-ahead
only (ie. they may not cache writes or lock requests) and increases performance for many
accesses of files that are not commonly written (such as application .EXE files).
Once one of the clients which have a read-only oplock writes to the file all clients are noti-fied notified
fied (no reply is needed or waited for) and told to break their oplocks to "none" and delete
any read-ahead caches.
It is recommended that this parameter be turned on to speed access to shared executables.
For more discussions on level2 oplocks see the CIFS spec.
Currently, if kernel oplocks are supported then level2 oplocks are not granted (even if this
parameter is set to yes). Note also, the oplocks parameter must be set to yes on this share in
order for this parameter to have any effect.
Default: level2 oplocks = yes
lm announce (G)
This parameter determines if nmbd(8) will produce Lanman announce broadcasts that are needed by
OS/2 clients in order for them to see the Samba server in their browse list. This parameter can
have three values, yes, no, or auto. The default is auto. If set to no Samba will never produce
these broadcasts. If set to yes Samba will produce Lanman announce broadcasts at a frequency
set by the parameter lm interval. If set to auto Samba will not send Lanman announce broadcasts
by default but will listen for them. If it hears such a broadcast on the wire it will then
start sending them at a frequency set by the parameter lm interval.
Default: lm announce = auto
Example: lm announce = yes
lm interval (G)
If Samba is set to produce Lanman announce broadcasts needed by OS/2 clients (see the lm
announce parameter) then this parameter defines the frequency in seconds with which they will
be made. If this is set to zero then no Lanman announcements will be made despite the setting
of the lm announce parameter.
Default: lm interval = 60
Example: lm interval = 120
load printers (G)
A boolean variable that controls whether all printers in the printcap will be loaded for brows-ing browsing
ing by default. See the printers section for more details.
Default: load printers = yes
local master (G)
This option allows nmbd(8) to try and become a local master browser on a subnet. If set to no
then nmbd will not attempt to become a local master browser on a subnet and will also lose in
all browsing elections. By default this value is set to yes. Setting this value to yes doesn't
mean that Samba will become the local master browser on a subnet, just that nmbd will partici-pate participate
pate in elections for local master browser.
Setting this value to no will cause nmbd never to become a local master browser.
Default: local master = yes
lock dir
This parameter is a synonym for lock directory.
lock directory (G)
This option specifies the directory where lock files will be placed. The lock files are used to
implement the max connections option.
Default: lock directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: lock directory = /var/run/samba/locks
locking (S)
This controls whether or not locking will be performed by the server in response to lock
requests from the client.
If locking = no, all lock and unlock requests will appear to succeed and all lock queries will
report that the file in question is available for locking.
If locking = yes, real locking will be performed by the server.
This option may be useful for read-only filesystems which may not need locking (such as CDROM
drives), although setting this parameter of no is not really recommended even in this case.
Be careful about disabling locking either globally or in a specific service, as lack of locking
may result in data corruption. You should never need to set this parameter.
No default
lock spin count (G)
This parameter has been made inoperative in Samba 3.0.24. The functionality it contolled is now
controlled by the parameter lock spin time.
Default: lock spin count = 0
lock spin time (G)
The time in microseconds that smbd should keep waiting to see if a failed lock request can be
granted. This parameter has changed in default value from Samba 3.0.23 from 10 to 200. The
associated lock spin count parameter is no longer used in Samba 3.0.24. You should not need to
change the value of this parameter.
Default: lock spin time = 200
log file (G)
This option allows you to override the name of the Samba log file (also known as the debug
file).
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate log files for each
user or machine.
No default
Example: log file = /usr/local/samba/var/log.%m
debuglevel
This parameter is a synonym for log level.
log level (G)
The value of the parameter (a astring) allows the debug level (logging level) to be specified
in the smb.conf file. This parameter has been extended since the 2.2.x series, now it allow to
specify the debug level for multiple debug classes. This is to give greater flexibility in the
configuration of the system.
The default will be the log level specified on the command line or level zero if none was spec-ified. specified.
ified.
No default
Example: log level = 3 passdb:5 auth:10 winbind:2
logon drive (G)
This parameter specifies the local path to which the home directory will be connected (see
logon home) and is only used by NT Workstations.
Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon drive =
Example: logon drive = h:
logon home (G)
This parameter specifies the home directory location when a Win95/98 or NT Workstation logs
into a Samba PDC. It allows you to do
C:>NET USE H: /HOME
from a command prompt, for example.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate logon scripts for
each user or machine.
This parameter can be used with Win9X workstations to ensure that roaming profiles are stored
in a subdirectory of the user's home directory. This is done in the following way:
logon home = \\%N\%U\profile
This tells Samba to return the above string, with substitutions made when a client requests the
info, generally in a NetUserGetInfo request. Win9X clients truncate the info to \serverre when
a user does net use /home but use the whole string when dealing with profiles.
Note that in prior versions of Samba, the logon path was returned rather than logon home. This
broke net use /home but allowed profiles outside the home directory. The current implementation
is correct, and can be used for profiles if you use the above trick.
Disable this feature by setting logon home = "" - using the empty string.
This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon home = \\%N\%U
Example: logon home = \\remote_smb_server\%U
logon path (G)
This parameter specifies the directory where roaming profiles (Desktop, NTuser.dat, etc) are
stored. Contrary to previous versions of these manual pages, it has nothing to do with Win 9X
roaming profiles. To find out how to handle roaming profiles for Win 9X system, see the logon
home parameter.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate logon scripts for
each user or machine. It also specifies the directory from which the "Application Data", desk-top, desktop,
top, start menu, network neighborhood, programs and other folders, and their contents, are
loaded and displayed on your Windows NT client.
The share and the path must be readable by the user for the preferences and directories to be
loaded onto the Windows NT client. The share must be writeable when the user logs in for the
first time, in order that the Windows NT client can create the NTuser.dat and other directo-ries. directories.
ries. Thereafter, the directories and any of the contents can, if required, be made read-only.
It is not advisable that the NTuser.dat file be made read-only - rename it to NTuser.man to
achieve the desired effect (a MANdatory profile).
Windows clients can sometimes maintain a connection to the [homes] share, even though there is
no user logged in. Therefore, it is vital that the logon path does not include a reference to
the homes share (i.e. setting this parameter to \%Nesrofile_path
will cause problems).
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate logon scripts for
each user or machine.
Warning
Do not quote the value. Setting this as \%NrofileU
will break profile handling. Where the tdbsam or ldapsam passdb backend is used, at the time
the user account is created the value configured for this parameter is written to the passdb
backend and that value will over-ride the parameter value present in the smb.conf file. Any
error present in the passdb backend account record must be editted using the appropriate tool
(pdbedit on the command-line, or any other locally provided system tool). Note that this
option is only useful if Samba is set up as a domain controller.
Disable the use of roaming profiles by setting the value of this parameter to the empty string.
For example, logon path = "". Take note that even if the default setting in the smb.conf file
is the empty string, any value specified in the user account settings in the passdb backend
will over-ride the effect of setting this parameter to null. Disabling of all roaming profile
use requires that the user account settings must also be blank.
An example of use is:
logon path = \PROFILESERVERPROFILEU
Default: logon path = \\%N\%U\profile
logon script (G)
This parameter specifies the batch file (.bat) or NT command file (.cmd) to be downloaded and
run on a machine when a user successfully logs in. The file must contain the DOS style CR/LF
line endings. Using a DOS-style editor to create the file is recommended.
The script must be a relative path to the [netlogon] service. If the [netlogon] service speci-fies specifies
fies a path of /usr/local/samba/netlogon, and logon script = STARTUP.BAT, then the file that
will be downloaded is:
/usr/local/samba/netlogon/STARTUP.BAT
The contents of the batch file are entirely your choice. A suggested command would be to add
NET TIME \\SERVER /SET /YES, to force every machine to synchronize clocks with the same time
server. Another use would be to add NET USE U: \\SERVER\UTILS for commonly used utilities, or
NET USE Q: \SERVERISO9001_QA
for example.
Note that it is particularly important not to allow write access to the [netlogon] share, or to
grant users write permission on the batch files in a secure environment, as this would allow
the batch files to be arbitrarily modified and security to be breached.
This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you to have separate logon scripts for
each user or machine.
This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon server.
Default: logon script =
Example: logon script = scripts\%U.bat
lppause command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server host in order to stop print-ing printing
ing or spooling a specific print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name and job number to pause
the print job. One way of implementing this is by using job priorities, where jobs having a too
low priority won't be sent to the printer.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j is replaced with the job num-ber number
ber (an integer). On HPUX (see printing=hpux ), if the -p%p option is added to the lpq command,
the job will show up with the correct status, i.e. if the job priority is lower than the set
fence priority it will have the PAUSED status, whereas if the priority is equal or higher it
will have the SPOOLED or PRINTING status.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lppause command as the PATH
may not be available to the server.
Default: lppause command = # Currently no default value is given to this string, unless the
value of the printing parameter is \fBSYSV\fR, in which case the default is : lp -i %p-%j -H
hold or if the value of the \fIprinting\fR parameter is \fBSOFTQ\fR, then the default is: qstat
-s -j%j -h.
Example: lppause command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j -p0
lpq cache time (G)
This controls how long lpq info will be cached for to prevent the lpq command being called too
often. A separate cache is kept for each variation of the lpq command used by the system, so if
you use different lpq commands for different users then they won't share cache information.
The cache files are stored in /tmp/lpq.xxxx where xxxx is a hash of the lpq command in use.
The default is 30 seconds, meaning that the cached results of a previous identical lpq command
will be used if the cached data is less than 30 seconds old. A large value may be advisable if
your lpq command is very slow.
A value of 0 will disable caching completely.
Default: lpq cache time = 30
Example: lpq cache time = 10
lpq command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server host in order to obtain lpq-style lpqstyle
style printer status information.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name as its only parameter and
outputs printer status information.
Currently nine styles of printer status information are supported; BSD, AIX, LPRNG, PLP, SYSV,
HPUX, QNX, CUPS, and SOFTQ. This covers most UNIX systems. You control which type is expected
using the printing = option.
Some clients (notably Windows for Workgroups) may not correctly send the connection number for
the printer they are requesting status information about. To get around this, the server
reports on the first printer service connected to by the client. This only happens if the con-nection connection
nection number sent is invalid.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end
of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lpq command as the $PATH may
not be available to the server. When compiled with the CUPS libraries, no lpq command is needed
because smbd will make a library call to obtain the print queue listing.
Default: lpq command =
Example: lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p
lpresume command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server host in order to restart or
continue printing or spooling a specific print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name and job number to resume
the print job. See also the lppause command parameter.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j is replaced with the job num-ber number
ber (an integer).
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lpresume command as the PATH
may not be available to the server.
See also the printing parameter.
Default: Currently no default value is given to this string, unless the value of the printing
parameter is SYSV, in which case the default is :
lp -i %p-%j -H resume
or if the value of the printing parameter is SOFTQ, then the default is:
qstat -s -j%j -r
Default: lpresume command = lpresume command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j -p2
lprm command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server host in order to delete a
print job.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name and job number, and
deletes the print job.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. A %j is replaced with the job num-ber number
ber (an integer).
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the lprm command as the PATH may
not be available to the server.
Examples of use are:
lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j
or
lprm command = /usr/bin/cancel %p-%j
Default: lprm command = determined by printing parameter
machine password timeout (G)
If a Samba server is a member of a Windows NT Domain (see the security = domain parameter) then
periodically a running smbd process will try and change the MACHINE ACCOUNT PASSWORD stored in
the TDB called private/secrets.tdb . This parameter specifies how often this password will be
changed, in seconds. The default is one week (expressed in seconds), the same as a Windows NT
Domain member server.
See also smbpasswd(8), and the security = domain parameter.
Default: machine password timeout = 604800
magic output (S)
This parameter specifies the name of a file which will contain output created by a magic script
(see the magic script parameter below).
Warning
If two clients use the same magic script in the same directory the output file content is unde-fined. undefined.
fined. Default: magic output = <magic script name>.out
Example: magic output = myfile.txt
magic script (S)
This parameter specifies the name of a file which, if opened, will be executed by the server
when the file is closed. This allows a UNIX script to be sent to the Samba host and executed on
behalf of the connected user.
Scripts executed in this way will be deleted upon completion assuming that the user has the
appropriate level of privilege and the file permissions allow the deletion.
If the script generates output, output will be sent to the file specified by the magic output
parameter (see above).
Note that some shells are unable to interpret scripts containing CR/LF instead of CR as the
end-of-line marker. Magic scripts must be executable as is on the host, which for some hosts
and some shells will require filtering at the DOS end.
Magic scripts are EXPERIMENTAL and should NOT be relied upon.
Default: magic script =
Example: magic script = user.csh
mangled map (S)
This is for those who want to directly map UNIX file names which cannot be represented on Win-dows/DOS. Windows/DOS.
dows/DOS. The mangling of names is not always what is needed. In particular you may have docu-ments documents
ments with file extensions that differ between DOS and UNIX. For example, under UNIX it is com-mon common
mon to use .html for HTML files, whereas under Windows/DOS .htm is more commonly used.
So to map html to htm you would use:
mangled map = (*.html *.htm).
One very useful case is to remove the annoying ;1 off the ends of filenames on some CDROMs
(only visible under some UNIXes). To do this use a map of (*;1 *;).
Default: mangled map = # no mangled map
Example: mangled map = (*;1 *;)
mangled names (S)
This controls whether non-DOS names under UNIX should be mapped to DOS-compatible names ("man-gled") ("mangled")
gled") and made visible, or whether non-DOS names should simply be ignored.
See the section on name mangling for details on how to control the mangling process.
If mangling is used then the mangling algorithm is as follows:
The first (up to) five alphanumeric characters before the rightmost dot of the filename
are preserved, forced to upper case, and appear as the first (up to) five characters of
the mangled name.
A tilde "~" is appended to the first part of the mangled name, followed by a two-charac-ter two-character
ter unique sequence, based on the original root name (i.e., the original filename minus
its final extension). The final extension is included in the hash calculation only if it
contains any upper case characters or is longer than three characters.
Note that the character to use may be specified using the mangling char option, if you
don't like '~'.
Files whose UNIX name begins with a dot will be presented as DOS hidden files. The man-gled mangled
gled name will be created as for other filenames, but with the leading dot removed and
"___" as its extension regardless of actual original extension (that's three under-scores). underscores).
scores).
The two-digit hash value consists of upper case alphanumeric characters.
This algorithm can cause name collisions only if files in a directory share the same first
five alphanumeric characters. The probability of such a clash is 1/1300.
The name mangling (if enabled) allows a file to be copied between UNIX directories from Win-dows/DOS Windows/DOS
dows/DOS while retaining the long UNIX filename. UNIX files can be renamed to a new exten-sion extension
sion from Windows/DOS and will retain the same basename. Mangled names do not change between
sessions.
Default: mangled names = yes
mangle prefix (G)
controls the number of prefix characters from the original name used when generating the man-gled mangled
gled names. A larger value will give a weaker hash and therefore more name collisions. The min-imum minimum
imum value is 1 and the maximum value is 6.
mangle prefix is effective only when mangling method is hash2.
Default: mangle prefix = 1
Example: mangle prefix = 4
mangling char (S)
This controls what character is used as the magic character in name mangling. The default is a
'~' but this may interfere with some software. Use this option to set it to whatever you pre-fer. prefer.
fer. This is effective only when mangling method is hash.
Default: mangling char = ~
Example: mangling char = ^
mangling method (G)
controls the algorithm used for the generating the mangled names. Can take two different val-ues, values,
ues, "hash" and "hash2". "hash" is the algorithm that was used used in Samba for many years and
was the default in Samba 2.2.x "hash2" is now the default and is newer and considered a better
algorithm (generates less collisions) in the names. Many Win32 applications store the mangled
names and so changing to algorithms must not be done lightly as these applications may break
unless reinstalled.
Default: mangling method = hash2
Example: mangling method = hash
map acl inherit (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will attempt to map the 'inherit' and 'pro-tected' 'protected'
tected' access control entry flags stored in Windows ACLs into an extended attribute called
user.SAMBA_PAI. This parameter only takes effect if Samba is being run on a platform that sup-ports supports
ports extended attributes (Linux and IRIX so far) and allows the Windows 2000 ACL editor to
correctly use inheritance with the Samba POSIX ACL mapping code.
Default: map acl inherit = no
map archive (S)
This controls whether the DOS archive attribute should be mapped to the UNIX owner execute bit.
The DOS archive bit is set when a file has been modified since its last backup. One motivation
for this option is to keep Samba/your PC from making any file it touches from becoming exe-cutable executable
cutable under UNIX. This can be quite annoying for shared source code, documents, etc...
Note that this requires the create mask parameter to be set such that owner execute bit is not
masked out (i.e. it must include 100). See the parameter create mask for details.
Default: map archive = yes
map hidden (S)
This controls whether DOS style hidden files should be mapped to the UNIX world execute bit.
Note that this requires the create mask to be set such that the world execute bit is not masked
out (i.e. it must include 001). See the parameter create mask for details.
No default
map read only (S)
This controls how the DOS read only attribute should be mapped from a UNIX filesystem.
This parameter can take three different values, which tell smbd(8) how to display the read only
attribute on files, where either store dos attributes is set to No, or no extended attribute is
present. If store dos attributes is set to yes then this parameter is ignored. This is a new
parameter introduced in Samba version 3.0.21.
The three settings are :
Yes - The read only DOS attribute is mapped to the inverse of the user or owner write
bit in the unix permission mode set. If the owner write bit is not set, the read only
attribute is reported as being set on the file.
Permissions - The read only DOS attribute is mapped to the effective permissions of the
connecting user, as evaluated by smbd(8) by reading the unix permissions and POSIX ACL
(if present). If the connecting user does not have permission to modify the file, the
read only attribute is reported as being set on the file.
No - The read only DOS attribute is unaffected by permissions, and can only be set by
the store dos attributes method. This may be useful for exporting mounted CDs.
Default: map read only = yes
map system (S)
This controls whether DOS style system files should be mapped to the UNIX group execute bit.
Note that this requires the create mask to be set such that the group execute bit is not masked
out (i.e. it must include 010). See the parameter create mask for details.
Default: map system = no
map to guest (G)
This parameter is only useful in SECURITY = security modes other than security = share and
security = server - i.e. user, and domain.
This parameter can take four different values, which tell smbd(8) what to do with user login
requests that don't match a valid UNIX user in some way.
The four settings are :
Never - Means user login requests with an invalid password are rejected. This is the
default.
Bad User - Means user logins with an invalid password are rejected, unless the username
does not exist, in which case it is treated as a guest login and mapped into the guest
account.
Bad Password - Means user logins with an invalid password are treated as a guest login
and mapped into the guest account. Note that this can cause problems as it means that any
user incorrectly typing their password will be silently logged on as "guest" - and will
not know the reason they cannot access files they think they should - there will have
been no message given to them that they got their password wrong. Helpdesk services will
hate you if you set the map to guest parameter this way :-).
Bad Uid - Is only applicable when Samba is configured in some type of domain mode secu-rity security
rity (security = {domain|ads}) and means that user logins which are successfully authen-ticated authenticated
ticated but which have no valid Unix user account (and smbd is unable to create one)
should be mapped to the defined guest account. This was the default behavior of Samba 2.x
releases. Note that if a member server is running winbindd, this option should never be
required because the nss_winbind library will export the Windows domain users and groups
to the underlying OS via the Name Service Switch interface.
Note that this parameter is needed to set up "Guest" share services when using security
modes other than share and server. This is because in these modes the name of the resource
being requested is not sent to the server until after the server has successfully authenti-cated authenticated
cated the client so the server cannot make authentication decisions at the correct time
(connection to the share) for "Guest" shares. This parameter is not useful with security =
server as in this security mode no information is returned about whether a user logon failed
due to a bad username or bad password, the same error is returned from a modern server in
both cases.
For people familiar with the older Samba releases, this parameter maps to the old compile-time compiletime
time setting of the
GUEST_SESSSETUP value in local.h.
Default: map to guest = Never
Example: map to guest = Bad User
max connections (S)
This option allows the number of simultaneous connections to a service to be limited. If max
connections is greater than 0 then connections will be refused if this number of connections to
the service are already open. A value of zero mean an unlimited number of connections may be
made.
Record lock files are used to implement this feature. The lock files will be stored in the
directory specified by the lock directory option.
Default: max connections = 0
Example: max connections = 10
max disk size (G)
This option allows you to put an upper limit on the apparent size of disks. If you set this
option to 100 then all shares will appear to be not larger than 100 MB in size.
Note that this option does not limit the amount of data you can put on the disk. In the above
case you could still store much more than 100 MB on the disk, but if a client ever asks for the
amount of free disk space or the total disk size then the result will be bounded by the amount
specified in max disk size.
This option is primarily useful to work around bugs in some pieces of software that can't han-dle handle
dle very large disks, particularly disks over 1GB in size.
A max disk size of 0 means no limit.
Default: max disk size = 0
Example: max disk size = 1000
max log size (G)
This option (an integer in kilobytes) specifies the max size the log file should grow to. Samba
periodically checks the size and if it is exceeded it will rename the file, adding a .old
extension.
A size of 0 means no limit.
Default: max log size = 5000
Example: max log size = 1000
max mux (G)
This option controls the maximum number of outstanding simultaneous SMB operations that Samba
tells the client it will allow. You should never need to set this parameter.
Default: max mux = 50
max open files (G)
This parameter limits the maximum number of open files that one smbd(8) file serving process
may have open for a client at any one time. The default for this parameter is set very high
(10,000) as Samba uses only one bit per unopened file.
The limit of the number of open files is usually set by the UNIX per-process file descriptor
limit rather than this parameter so you should never need to touch this parameter.
Default: max open files = 10000
max print jobs (S)
This parameter limits the maximum number of jobs allowable in a Samba printer queue at any
given moment. If this number is exceeded, smbd(8) will remote "Out of Space" to the client.
Default: max print jobs = 1000
Example: max print jobs = 5000
protocol
This parameter is a synonym for max protocol.
max protocol (G)
The value of the parameter (a string) is the highest protocol level that will be supported by
the server.
Possible values are :
CORE: Earliest version. No concept of user names.
COREPLUS: Slight improvements on CORE for efficiency.
LANMAN1: First
modern version of the protocol. Long filename support.
LANMAN2: Updates to Lanman1 protocol.
NT1: Current up to date version of the protocol. Used by Windows NT. Known as CIFS.
Normally this option should not be set as the automatic negotiation phase in the SMB proto-col protocol
col takes care of choosing the appropriate protocol.
Default: max protocol = NT1
Example: max protocol = LANMAN1
max reported print jobs (S)
This parameter limits the maximum number of jobs displayed in a port monitor for Samba printer
queue at any given moment. If this number is exceeded, the excess jobs will not be shown. A
value of zero means there is no limit on the number of print jobs reported.
Default: max reported print jobs = 0
Example: max reported print jobs = 1000
max smbd processes (G)
This parameter limits the maximum number of smbd(8) processes concurrently running on a system
and is intended as a stopgap to prevent degrading service to clients in the event that the
server has insufficient resources to handle more than this number of connections. Remember that
under normal operating conditions, each user will have an smbd(8) associated with him or her to
handle connections to all shares from a given host.
Default: max smbd processes = 0
Example: max smbd processes = 1000
max stat cache size (G)
This parameter limits the size in memory of any stat cache being used to speed up case insensi-tive insensitive
tive name mappings. This parameter is the number of kilobyte (1024) units the stat cache can
use. A value of zero means unlimited which is not advised aѕ it can use a lot of memory.
You should not need to change this parameter.
Default: max stat cache size = 1024
Example: max stat cache size = 100
max ttl (G)
This option tells nmbd(8) what the default 'time to live' of NetBIOS names should be (in sec-onds) seconds)
onds) when nmbd is requesting a name using either a broadcast packet or from a WINS server. You
should never need to change this parameter. The default is 3 days.
Default: max ttl = 259200
max wins ttl (G)
This option tells smbd(8) when acting as a WINS server (wins support = yes) what the maximum
'time to live' of NetBIOS names that nmbd will grant will be (in seconds). You should never
need to change this parameter. The default is 6 days (518400 seconds).
Default: max wins ttl = 518400
max xmit (G)
This option controls the maximum packet size that will be negotiated by Samba. The default is
16644, which matches the behavior of Windows 2000. A value below 2048 is likely to cause prob-lems. problems.
lems. You should never need to change this parameter from its default value.
Default: max xmit = 16644
Example: max xmit = 8192
message command (G)
This specifies what command to run when the server receives a WinPopup style message.
This would normally be a command that would deliver the message somehow. How this is to be done
is up to your imagination.
An example is:
message command = csh -c 'xedit %s;rm %s' &
This delivers the message using xedit, then removes it afterwards. NOTE THAT IT IS VERY IMPOR-TANT IMPORTANT
TANT THAT THIS COMMAND RETURN IMMEDIATELY. That's why I have the '&' on the end. If it doesn't
return immediately then your PCs may freeze when sending messages (they should recover after 30
seconds, hopefully).
All messages are delivered as the global guest user. The command takes the standard substitu-tions, substitutions,
tions, although
%u won't work (%U may be better in this case).
Apart from the standard substitutions, some additional ones apply. In particular:
%s = the filename containing the message.
%t = the destination that the message was sent to (probably the server name).
%f = who the message is from.
You could make this command send mail, or whatever else takes your fancy. Please let us know
of any really interesting ideas you have.
Here's a way of sending the messages as mail to root:
message command = /bin/mail -s 'message from %f on %m' root < %s; rm %s
If you don't have a message command then the message won't be delivered and Samba will tell
the sender there was an error. Unfortunately WfWg totally ignores the error code and carries
on regardless, saying that the message was delivered.
If you want to silently delete it then try:
message command = rm %s
Default: message command =
Example: message command = csh -c 'xedit %s; rm %s' &
min print space (S)
This sets the minimum amount of free disk space that must be available before a user will be
able to spool a print job. It is specified in kilobytes. The default is 0, which means a user
can always spool a print job.
Default: min print space = 0
Example: min print space = 2000
min protocol (G)
The value of the parameter (a string) is the lowest SMB protocol dialect than Samba will sup-
port. Please refer to the max protocol parameter for a list of valid protocol names and a brief
description of each. You may also wish to refer to the C source code in source/smbd/negprot.c
for a listing of known protocol dialects supported by clients.
If you are viewing this parameter as a security measure, you should also refer to the lanman
auth parameter. Otherwise, you should never need to change this parameter.
Default: min protocol = CORE
Example: min protocol = NT1
min wins ttl (G)
This option tells nmbd(8) when acting as a WINS server (wins support = yes) what the minimum
'time to live' of NetBIOS names that nmbd will grant will be (in seconds). You should never
need to change this parameter. The default is 6 hours (21600 seconds).
Default: min wins ttl = 21600
msdfs proxy (S)
This parameter indicates that the share is a stand-in for another CIFS share whose location is
specified by the value of the parameter. When clients attempt to connect to this share, they
are redirected to the proxied share using the SMB-Dfs protocol.
Only Dfs roots can act as proxy shares. Take a look at the msdfs root and host msdfs options to
find out how to set up a Dfs root share.
No default
Example: msdfs proxy = \\otherserver\someshare
msdfs root (S)
If set to yes, Samba treats the share as a Dfs root and allows clients to browse the distrib-uted distributed
uted file system tree rooted at the share directory. Dfs links are specified in the share
directory by symbolic links of the form msdfs:serverA\shareA,serverB\shareB and so on. For more
information on setting up a Dfs tree on Samba, refer to the MSDFS chapter in the Samba3-HOWTO
book.
Default: msdfs root = no
name cache timeout (G)
Specifies the number of seconds it takes before entries in samba's hostname resolve cache time
out. If the timeout is set to 0. the caching is disabled.
Default: name cache timeout = 660
Example: name cache timeout = 0
name resolve order (G)
This option is used by the programs in the Samba suite to determine what naming services to use
and in what order to resolve host names to IP addresses. Its main purpose to is to control how
netbios name resolution is performed. The option takes a space separated string of name resolu-tion resolution
tion options.
The options are: "lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They cause names to be resolved as fol-lows: follows:
lows:
lmhosts : Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has no
name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the manpage for lmhosts for details) then any
name type matches for lookup.
host : Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using the system /etc/hosts ,
NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution is operating system depended for
instance on IRIX or Solaris this may be controlled by the /etc/nsswitch.conf file. Note
that this method is used only if the NetBIOS name type being queried is the 0x20 (server)
name type or 0x1c (domain controllers). The latter case is only useful for active direc-tory directory
tory domains and results in a DNS query for the SRV RR entry matching _ldap._tcp.domain.
wins : Query a name with the IP address listed in the WINSSERVER parameter. If no WINS
server has been specified this method will be ignored.
bcast : Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces listed in the interfaces
parameter. This is the least reliable of the name resolution methods as it depends on the
target host being on a locally connected subnet.
The example below will cause the local lmhosts file to be examined first, followed by a
broadcast attempt, followed by a normal system hostname lookup.
When Samba is functioning in ADS security mode (security = ads) it is advised to use follow-ing following
ing settings for name resolve order:
name resolve order = wins bcast
DC lookups will still be done via DNS, but fallbacks to netbios names will not inundate your
DNS servers with needless querys for DOMAIN<0x1c> lookups.
Default: name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast
Example: name resolve order = lmhosts bcast host
netbios aliases (G)
This is a list of NetBIOS names that nmbd will advertise as additional names by which the Samba
server is known. This allows one machine to appear in browse lists under multiple names. If a
machine is acting as a browse server or logon server none of these names will be advertised as
either browse server or logon servers, only the primary name of the machine will be advertised
with these capabilities.
Default: netbios aliases = # empty string (no additional names)
Example: netbios aliases = TEST TEST1 TEST2
netbios name (G)
This sets the NetBIOS name by which a Samba server is known. By default it is the same as the
first component of the host's DNS name. If a machine is a browse server or logon server this
name (or the first component of the hosts DNS name) will be the name that these services are
advertised under.
There is a bug in Samba-3 that breaks operation of browsing and access to shares if the netbios
name is set to the literal name PIPE. To avoid this problem, do not name your Samba-3 server
PIPE.
Default: netbios name = # machine DNS name
Example: netbios name = MYNAME
netbios scope (G)
This sets the NetBIOS scope that Samba will operate under. This should not be set unless every
machine on your LAN also sets this value.
Default: netbios scope =
nis homedir (G)
Get the home share server from a NIS map. For UNIX systems that use an automounter, the user's
home directory will often be mounted on a workstation on demand from a remote server.
When the Samba logon server is not the actual home directory server, but is mounting the home
directories via NFS then two network hops would be required to access the users home directory
if the logon server told the client to use itself as the SMB server for home directories (one
over SMB and one over NFS). This can be very slow.
This option allows Samba to return the home share as being on a different server to the logon
server and as long as a Samba daemon is running on the home directory server, it will be
mounted on the Samba client directly from the directory server. When Samba is returning the
home share to the client, it will consult the NIS map specified in homedir map and return the
server listed there.
Note that for this option to work there must be a working NIS system and the Samba server with
this option must also be a logon server.
Default: nis homedir = no
nt acl support (S)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will attempt to map UNIX permissions into Win-dows Windows
dows NT access control lists. The UNIX permissions considered are the the traditional UNIX
owner and group permissions, as well as POSIX ACLs set on any files or directories. This param-eter parameter
eter was formally a global parameter in releases prior to 2.2.2.
Default: nt acl support = yes
ntlm auth (G)
This parameter determines whether or not smbd(8) will attempt to authenticate users using the
NTLM encrypted password response. If disabled, either the lanman password hash or an NTLMv2
response will need to be sent by the client.
If this option, and lanman auth are both disabled, then only NTLMv2 logins will be permited.
Not all clients support NTLMv2, and most will require special configuration to us it.
Default: ntlm auth = yes
nt pipe support (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will allow Windows NT clients to connect to the
NT SMB specific IPC$ pipes. This is a developer debugging option and can be left alone.
Default: nt pipe support = yes
nt status support (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will negotiate NT specific status support with
Windows NT/2k/XP clients. This is a developer debugging option and should be left alone. If
this option is set to no then Samba offers exactly the same DOS error codes that versions prior
to Samba 2.2.3 reported.
You should not need to ever disable this parameter.
Default: nt status support = yes
null passwords (G)
Allow or disallow client access to accounts that have null passwords.
See also smbpasswd(5).
Default: null passwords = no
obey pam restrictions (G)
When Samba 3.0 is configured to enable PAM support (i.e. --with-pam), this parameter will con-trol control
trol whether or not Samba should obey PAM's account and session management directives. The
default behavior is to use PAM for clear text authentication only and to ignore any account or
session management. Note that Samba always ignores PAM for authentication in the case of
encrypt passwords = yes. The reason is that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response
authentication mechanism needed in the presence of SMB password encryption.
Default: obey pam restrictions = no
only user (S)
This is a boolean option that controls whether connections with usernames not in the user list
will be allowed. By default this option is disabled so that a client can supply a username to
be used by the server. Enabling this parameter will force the server to only use the login
names from the user list and is only really useful in security = share level security.
Note that this also means Samba won't try to deduce usernames from the service name. This can
be annoying for the [homes] section. To get around this you could use user = %S which means
your user list will be just the service name, which for home directories is the name of the
user.
Default: only user = no
open files database hash size (G)
This parameter was added in Samba 3.0.23. This is an internal tuning parameter that sets the
hash size of the tdb used for the open file databases. The presence of this parameter allows
tuning of the system for very large (thousands of concurrent users) Samba setups. The default
setting of this parameter should be sufficient for most normal environments. It is advised not
to change this parameter unless advised to by a Samba Team member.
Default: open files database hash size = 10007
Example: open files database hash size = 1338457
oplock break wait time (G)
This is a tuning parameter added due to bugs in both Windows 9x and WinNT. If Samba responds to
a client too quickly when that client issues an SMB that can cause an oplock break request,
then the network client can fail and not respond to the break request. This tuning parameter
(which is set in milliseconds) is the amount of time Samba will wait before sending an oplock
break request to such (broken) clients.
Warning
DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE.
Default: oplock break wait time = 0
oplock contention limit (S)
This is a very advanced smbd(8) tuning option to improve the efficiency of the granting of
oplocks under multiple client contention for the same file.
In brief it specifies a number, which causes smbd(8)not to grant an oplock even when requested
if the approximate number of clients contending for an oplock on the same file goes over this
limit. This causes smbd to behave in a similar way to Windows NT.
Warning
DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE.
Default: oplock contention limit = 2
oplocks (S)
This boolean option tells smbd whether to issue oplocks (opportunistic locks) to file open
requests on this share. The oplock code can dramatically (approx. 30% or more) improve the
speed of access to files on Samba servers. It allows the clients to aggressively cache files
locally and you may want to disable this option for unreliable network environments (it is
turned on by default in Windows NT Servers). For more information see the file Speed.txt in the
Samba docs/ directory.
Oplocks may be selectively turned off on certain files with a share. See the veto oplock files
parameter. On some systems oplocks are recognized by the underlying operating system. This
allows data synchronization between all access to oplocked files, whether it be via Samba or
NFS or a local UNIX process. See the kernel oplocks parameter for details.
Default: oplocks = yes
os2 driver map (G)
The parameter is used to define the absolute path to a file containing a mapping of Windows NT
printer driver names to OS/2 printer driver names. The format is:
<nt driver name> = <os2 driver name>.<device name>
For example, a valid entry using the HP LaserJet 5 printer driver would appear as HP LaserJet
5L = LASERJET.HP LaserJet 5L.
The need for the file is due to the printer driver namespace problem described in the chapter
on Classical Printing in the Samba3-HOWTO book. For more details on OS/2 clients, please refer
to chapter on other clients in the Samba3-HOWTO book.
Default: os2 driver map =
os level (G)
This integer value controls what level Samba advertises itself as for browse elections. The
value of this parameter determines whether nmbd(8) has a chance of becoming a local master
browser for the workgroup in the local broadcast area.
Note :By default, Samba will win a local master browsing election over all Microsoft operating
systems except a Windows NT 4.0/2000 Domain Controller. This means that a misconfigured Samba
host can effectively isolate a subnet for browsing purposes. This parameter is largely auto-configured autoconfigured
configured in the Samba-3 release series and it is seldom necessary to manually over-ride the
default setting. Please refer to chapter 9 of the Samba-3 HOWTO document for further informa-tion information
tion regarding the use of this parameter.
Default: os level = 20
Example: os level = 65
pam password change (G)
With the addition of better PAM support in Samba 2.2, this parameter, it is possible to use
PAM's password change control flag for Samba. If enabled, then PAM will be used for password
changes when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in passwd program. It
should be possible to enable this without changing your passwd chat parameter for most setups.
Default: pam password change = no
panic action (G)
This is a Samba developer option that allows a system command to be called when either smbd(8)
or smbd(8) crashes. This is usually used to draw attention to the fact that a problem occurred.
Default: panic action =
Example: panic action = "/bin/sleep 90000"
paranoid server security (G)
Some version of NT 4.x allow non-guest users with a bad passowrd. When this option is enabled,
samba will not use a broken NT 4.x server as password server, but instead complain to the logs
and exit.
Disabling this option prevents Samba from making this check, which involves deliberatly
attempting a bad logon to the remote server.
Default: paranoid server security = yes
passdb backend (G)
This option allows the administrator to chose which backend will be used for storing user and
possibly group information. This allows you to swap between dfferent storage mechanisms without
recompile.
The parameter value is divided into two parts, the backend's name, and a 'location' string that
has meaning only to that particular backed. These are separated by a : character.
Available backends can include:
smbpasswd - The default smbpasswd backend. Takes a path to the smbpasswd file as an
optional argument.
tdbsam - The TDB based password storage backend. Takes a path to the TDB as an optional
argument (defaults to passdb.tdb in the private dir directory.
ldapsam - The LDAP based passdb backend. Takes an LDAP URL as an optional argument
(defaults to ldap://localhost)
LDAP connections should be secured where possible. This may be done using either Start-TLS StartTLS
TLS (see ldap ssl) or by specifying ldaps:// in the URL argument.
Multiple servers may also be specified in double-quotes, if your LDAP libraries supports
the LDAP URL notation. (OpenLDAP does).
Examples of use are:
passdb backend = tdbsam:/etc/samba/private/passdb.tdb
or
passdb backend = ldapsam:"ldap://ldap-1.example.com ldap://ldap-2.example.com"
Default: passdb backend = smbpasswd
passdb expand explicit (G)
This parameter controls whether Samba substitutes %-macros in the passdb fields if they are
explicitly set. We used to expand macros here, but this turned out to be a bug because the Win-dows Windows
dows client can expand a variable %G_osver% in which %G would have been substituted by the
user's primary group.
Default: passdb expand explicit = no
passwd chat (G)
This string controls the "chat" conversation that takes places between smbd(8) and the local
password changing program to change the user's password. The string describes a sequence of
response-receive pairs that smbd(8) uses to determine what to send to the passwd program and
what to expect back. If the expected output is not received then the password is not changed.
This chat sequence is often quite site specific, depending on what local methods are used for
password control (such as NIS etc).
Note that this parameter only is only used if the unix password sync parameter is set to yes.
This sequence is then called AS ROOT when the SMB password in the smbpasswd file is being
changed, without access to the old password cleartext. This means that root must be able to
reset the user's password without knowing the text of the previous password. In the presence of
NIS/YP, this means that the passwd program must be executed on the NIS master.
The string can contain the macro %n which is substituted for the new password. The chat
sequence can also contain the standard macros \n, \r, \t and \s to give line-feed, carriage-return, carriagereturn,
return, tab and space. The chat sequence string can also contain a '*' which matches any
sequence of characters. Double quotes can be used to collect strings with spaces in them into a
single string.
If the send string in any part of the chat sequence is a full stop ".", then no string is sent.
Similarly, if the expect string is a full stop then no string is expected.
If the pam password change parameter is set to yes, the chat pairs may be matched in any order,
and success is determined by the PAM result, not any particular output. The \n macro is ignored
for PAM conversions.
Default: passwd chat = *new*password* %n\n*new*password* %n\n *changed*
Example: passwd chat = "*Enter OLD password*" %o\n "*Enter NEW password*" %n\n "*Reenter NEW
password*" %n\n "*Password changed*"
passwd chat debug (G)
This boolean specifies if the passwd chat script parameter is run in debug mode. In this mode
the strings passed to and received from the passwd chat are printed in the smbd(8) log with a
debug level of 100. This is a dangerous option as it will allow plaintext passwords to be seen
in the smbd log. It is available to help Samba admins debug their passwd chat scripts when
calling the passwd program and should be turned off after this has been done. This option has
no effect if the pam password change paramter is set. This parameter is off by default.
Default: passwd chat debug = no
passwd chat timeout (G)
This integer specifies the number of seconds smbd will wait for an initial answer from a passwd
chat script being run. Once the initial answer is received the subsequent answers must be
received in one tenth of this time. The default it two seconds.
Default: passwd chat timeout = 2
passwd program (G)
The name of a program that can be used to set UNIX user passwords. Any occurrences of %u will
be replaced with the user name. The user name is checked for existence before calling the pass-word password
word changing program.
Also note that many passwd programs insist in reasonable passwords, such as a minimum length,
or the inclusion of mixed case chars and digits. This can pose a problem as some clients (such
as Windows for Workgroups) uppercase the password before sending it.
Note that if the unix password sync parameter is set to yes then this program is called AS ROOT
before the SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed. If this UNIX password change fails,
then smbd will fail to change the SMB password also (this is by design).
If the unix password sync parameter is set this parameter MUST USE ABSOLUTE PATHS for ALL pro-grams programs
grams called, and must be examined for security implications. Note that by default unix pass-word password
word sync is set to no.
Default: passwd program =
Example: passwd program = /bin/passwd %u
password level (G)
Some client/server combinations have difficulty with mixed-case passwords. One offending client
is Windows for Workgroups, which for some reason forces passwords to upper case when using the
LANMAN1 protocol, but leaves them alone when using COREPLUS! Another problem child is the Win-dows Windows
dows 95/98 family of operating systems. These clients upper case clear text passwords even when
NT LM 0.12 selected by the protocol negotiation request/response.
This parameter defines the maximum number of characters that may be upper case in passwords.
For example, say the password given was "FRED". If
password level is set to 1, the following combinations would be tried if "FRED" failed:
"Fred", "fred", "fRed", "frEd","freD"
If password level was set to 2, the following combinations would also be tried:
"FRed", "FrEd", "FreD", "fREd", "fReD", "frED", ..
And so on.
The higher value this parameter is set to the more likely it is that a mixed case password will
be matched against a single case password. However, you should be aware that use of this param-eter parameter
eter reduces security and increases the time taken to process a new connection.
A value of zero will cause only two attempts to be made - the password as is and the password
in all-lower case.
This parameter is used only when using plain-text passwords. It is not at all used when
encrypted passwords as in use (that is the default since samba-3.0.0). Use this only when
encrypt passwords = No.
Default: password level = 0
Example: password level = 4
password server (G)
By specifying the name of another SMB server or Active Directory domain controller with this
option, and using security = [ads|domain|server] it is possible to get Samba to to do all its
username/password validation using a specific remote server.
This option sets the name or IP address of the password server to use. New syntax has been
added to support defining the port to use when connecting to the server the case of an ADS
realm. To define a port other than the default LDAP port of 389, add the port number using a
colon after the name or IP address (e.g. 192.168.1.100:389). If you do not specify a port,
Samba will use the standard LDAP port of tcp/389. Note that port numbers have no effect on
password servers for Windows NT 4.0 domains or netbios connections.
If parameter is a name, it is looked up using the parameter name resolve order and so may
resolved by any method and order described in that parameter.
The password server must be a machine capable of using the "LM1.2X002" or the "NT LM 0.12" pro-tocol, protocol,
tocol, and it must be in user level security mode.
Note
Using a password server means your UNIX box (running Samba) is only as secure as your password
server. DO NOT CHOOSE A PASSWORD SERVER THAT YOU DON'T COMPLETELY TRUST. Never point a Samba
server at itself for password serving. This will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba
server!
The name of the password server takes the standard substitutions, but probably the only useful
one is %m , which means the Samba server will use the incoming client as the password server.
If you use this then you better trust your clients, and you had better restrict them with hosts
allow!
If the security parameter is set to domain or ads, then the list of machines in this option
must be a list of Primary or Backup Domain controllers for the Domain or the character '*', as
the Samba server is effectively in that domain, and will use cryptographically authenticated
RPC calls to authenticate the user logging on. The advantage of using security = domain is that
if you list several hosts in the password server option then smbd will try each in turn till it
finds one that responds. This is useful in case your primary server goes down.
If the password server option is set to the character '*', then Samba will attempt to auto-locate autolocate
locate the Primary or Backup Domain controllers to authenticate against by doing a query for
the name WORKGROUP<1C> and then contacting each server returned in the list of IP addresses
from the name resolution source.
If the list of servers contains both names/IP's and the '*' character, the list is treated as a
list of preferred domain controllers, but an auto lookup of all remaining DC's will be added to
the list as well. Samba will not attempt to optimize this list by locating the closest DC.
If the security parameter is set to server, then there are different restrictions that security
= domain doesn't suffer from:
You may list several password servers in the password server parameter, however if an
smbd makes a connection to a password server, and then the password server fails, no more
users will be able to be authenticated from this smbd. This is a restriction of the
SMB/CIFS protocol when in security = server mode and cannot be fixed in Samba.
If you are using a Windows NT server as your password server then you will have to ensure
that your users are able to login from the Samba server, as when in security = server
mode the network logon will appear to come from there rather than from the users worksta-tion. workstation.
tion.
Default: password server =
Example: password server = NT-PDC, NT-BDC1, NT-BDC2, *
Example: password server = windc.mydomain.com:389 192.168.1.101 *
Example: password server = *
directory
This parameter is a synonym for path.
path (S)
This parameter specifies a directory to which the user of the service is to be given access. In
the case of printable services, this is where print data will spool prior to being submitted to
the host for printing.
For a printable service offering guest access, the service should be readonly and the path
should be world-writeable and have the sticky bit set. This is not mandatory of course, but you
probably won't get the results you expect if you do otherwise.
Any occurrences of %u in the path will be replaced with the UNIX username that the client is
using on this connection. Any occurrences of %m will be replaced by the NetBIOS name of the
machine they are connecting from. These replacements are very useful for setting up pseudo home
directories for users.
Note that this path will be based on root dir if one was specified.
Default: path =
Example: path = /home/fred
pid directory (G)
This option specifies the directory where pid files will be placed.
Default: pid directory = ${prefix}/var/locks
Example: pid directory = pid directory = /var/run/
posix locking (S)
The smbd(8) daemon maintains an database of file locks obtained by SMB clients. The default
behavior is to map this internal database to POSIX locks. This means that file locks obtained
by SMB clients are consistent with those seen by POSIX compliant applications accessing the
files via a non-SMB method (e.g. NFS or local file access). You should never need to disable
this parameter.
Default: posix locking = yes
postexec (S)
This option specifies a command to be run whenever the service is disconnected. It takes the
usual substitutions. The command may be run as the root on some systems.
An interesting example may be to unmount server resources:
postexec = /etc/umount /cdrom
Default: postexec =
Example: postexec = echo \"%u disconnected from %S from %m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log
exec
This parameter is a synonym for preexec.
preexec (S)
This option specifies a command to be run whenever the service is connected to. It takes the
usual substitutions.
An interesting example is to send the users a welcome message every time they log in. Maybe a
message of the day? Here is an example:
preexec = csh -c 'echo \"Welcome to %S!\" | /usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient -M %m -I %I' &
Of course, this could get annoying after a while :-)
See also preexec close and postexec.
Default: preexec =
Example: preexec = echo \"%u connected to %S from %m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log
preexec close (S)
This boolean option controls whether a non-zero return code from preexec should close the ser-vice service
vice being connected to.
Default: preexec close = no
prefered master
This parameter is a synonym for preferred master.
preferred master (G)
This boolean parameter controls if nmbd(8) is a preferred master browser for its workgroup.
If this is set to yes, on startup, nmbd will force an election, and it will have a slight
advantage in winning the election. It is recommended that this parameter is used in conjunction
with domain master = yes, so that nmbd can guarantee becoming a domain master.
Use this option with caution, because if there are several hosts (whether Samba servers, Win-dows Windows
dows 95 or NT) that are preferred master browsers on the same subnet, they will each periodi-cally periodically
cally and continuously attempt to become the local master browser. This will result in unneces-sary unnecessary
sary broadcast traffic and reduced browsing capabilities.
Default: preferred master = auto
auto services
This parameter is a synonym for preload.
preload (G)
This is a list of services that you want to be automatically added to the browse lists. This is
most useful for homes and printers services that would otherwise not be visible.
Note that if you just want all printers in your printcap file loaded then the load printers
option is easier.
Default: preload =
Example: preload = fred lp colorlp
preload modules (G)
This is a list of paths to modules that should be loaded into smbd before a client connects.
This improves the speed of smbd when reacting to new connections somewhat.
Default: preload modules =
Example: preload modules = /usr/lib/samba/passdb/mysql.so
preserve case (S)
This controls if new filenames are created with the case that the client passes, or if they are
forced to be the default case.
See the section on NAME MANGLING for a fuller discussion.
Default: preserve case = yes
print ok
This parameter is a synonym for printable.
printable (S)
If this parameter is yes, then clients may open, write to and submit spool files on the direc-tory directory
tory specified for the service.
Note that a printable service will ALWAYS allow writing to the service path (user privileges
permitting) via the spooling of print data. The read only parameter controls only non-printing
access to the resource.
Default: printable = no
printcap cache time (G)
This option specifies the number of seconds before the printing subsystem is again asked for
the known printers. If the value is greater than 60 the initial waiting time is set to 60 sec-onds seconds
onds to allow an earlier first rescan of the printing subsystem.
Setting this parameter to 0 disables any rescanning for new or removed printers after the ini-tial initial
tial startup.
Default: printcap cache time = 750
Example: printcap cache time = 600
printcap
This parameter is a synonym for printcap name.
printcap name (S)
This parameter may be used to override the compiled-in default printcap name used by the server
(usually
/etc/printcap). See the discussion of the [printers] section above for reasons why you might
want to do this.
To use the CUPS printing interface set printcap name = cups. This should be supplemented by an
addtional setting printing = cups in the [global] section. printcap name = cups will use the
"dummy" printcap created by CUPS, as specified in your CUPS configuration file.
On System V systems that use lpstat to list available printers you can use printcap name =
lpstat to automatically obtain lists of available printers. This is the default for systems
that define SYSV at configure time in Samba (this includes most System V based systems). If
printcap name is set to lpstat on these systems then Samba will launch lpstat -v and attempt
to parse the output to obtain a printer list.
A minimal printcap file would look something like this:
print1|My Printer 1
print2|My Printer 2
print3|My Printer 3
print4|My Printer 4
print5|My Printer 5
where the '|' separates aliases of a printer. The fact that the second alias has a space in it
gives a hint to Samba that it's a comment.
Note
Under AIX the default printcap name is /etc/qconfig. Samba will assume the file is in AIX qcon-fig qconfig
fig format if the string qconfig appears in the printcap filename. Default: printcap name =
/etc/printcap
Example: printcap name = /etc/myprintcap
print command (S)
After a print job has finished spooling to a service, this command will be used via a system()
call to process the spool file. Typically the command specified will submit the spool file to
the host's printing subsystem, but there is no requirement that this be the case. The server
will not remove the spool file, so whatever command you specify should remove the spool file
when it has been processed, otherwise you will need to manually remove old spool files.
The print command is simply a text string. It will be used verbatim after macro substitutions
have been made:
%s, %f - the path to the spool file name
%p - the appropriate printer name
%J - the job name as transmitted by the client.
%c - The number of printed pages of the spooled job (if known).
%z - the size of the spooled print job (in bytes)
The print command MUST contain at least one occurrence of %s or %f - the %p is optional. At the
time a job is submitted, if no printer name is supplied the %p will be silently removed from
the printer command.
If specified in the [global] section, the print command given will be used for any printable
service that does not have its own print command specified.
If there is neither a specified print command for a printable service nor a global print com-mand, command,
mand, spool files will be created but not processed and (most importantly) not removed.
Note that printing may fail on some UNIXes from the nobody account. If this happens then create
an alternative guest account that can print and set the guest account in the [global] section.
You can form quite complex print commands by realizing that they are just passed to a shell.
For example the following will log a print job, print the file, then remove it. Note that ';'
is the usual separator for command in shell scripts.
print command = echo Printing %s >> /tmp/print.log; lpr -P %p %s; rm %s
You may have to vary this command considerably depending on how you normally print files on
your system. The default for the parameter varies depending on the setting of the printing
parameter.
Default: For printing = BSD, AIX, QNX, LPRNG or PLP :
print command = lpr -r -P%p %s
For printing = SYSV or HPUX :
print command = lp -c -d%p %s; rm %s
For printing = SOFTQ :
print command = lp -d%p -s %s; rm %s
For printing = CUPS : If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, then printcap = cups uses the CUPS
API to submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V commands with the -oraw option for
printing, i.e. it uses lp -c -d%p -oraw; rm %s. With printing = cups, and if SAMBA is compiled
against libcups, any manually set print command will be ignored.
No default
Example: print command = /usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript %p %s
printer admin (S)
This lists users who can do anything to printers via the remote administration interfaces
offered by MS-RPC (usually using a NT workstation). This parameter can be set per-share or
globally. Note: The root user always has admin rights. Use caution with use in the global
stanza as this can cause side effects.
This parameter has been marked deprecated in favor of using the SePrintOperatorPrivilege and
individual print security descriptors. It will be removed in a future release.
Default: printer admin =
Example: printer admin = admin, @staff
printer
This parameter is a synonym for printer name.
printer name (S)
This parameter specifies the name of the printer to which print jobs spooled through a print-able printable
able service will be sent.
If specified in the [global] section, the printer name given will be used for any printable
service that does not have its own printer name specified.
The default value of the printer name may be lp on many systems.
Default: printer name = none
Example: printer name = laserwriter
printing (S)
This parameters controls how printer status information is interpreted on your system. It also
affects the default values for the print command, lpq command, lppause command , lpresume com-mand, command,
mand, and lprm command if specified in the [global] section.
Currently nine printing styles are supported. They are BSD, AIX, LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX,
SOFTQ, and CUPS.
To see what the defaults are for the other print commands when using the various options use
the testparm(1) program.
This option can be set on a per printer basis. Please be aware however, that you must place any
of the various printing commands (e.g. print command, lpq command, etc...) after defining the
value for the printing option since it will reset the printing commands to default values.
See also the discussion in the [printers] section.
No default
printjob username (S)
This parameter specifies which user information will be passed to the printing system. Usually,
the username is sent, but in some cases, e.g. the domain prefix is useful, too.
Default: printjob username = %U
Example: printjob username = %D\%U
private dir (G)
This parameters defines the directory smbd will use for storing such files as smbpasswd and
secrets.tdb.
Default: private dir = ${prefix}/private
profile acls (S)
This boolean parameter was added to fix the problems that people have been having with storing
user profiles on Samba shares from Windows 2000 or Windows XP clients. New versions of Windows
2000 or Windows XP service packs do security ACL checking on the owner and ability to write of
the profile directory stored on a local workstation when copied from a Samba share.
When not in domain mode with winbindd then the security info copied onto the local workstation
has no meaning to the logged in user (SID) on that workstation so the profile storing fails.
Adding this parameter onto a share used for profile storage changes two things about the
returned Windows ACL. Firstly it changes the owner and group owner of all reported files and
directories to be BUILTIN\Administrators, BUILTIN\Users respectively (SIDs S-1-5-32-544,
S-1-5-32-545). Secondly it adds an ACE entry of "Full Control" to the SID BUILTIN\Users to
every returned ACL. This will allow any Windows 2000 or XP workstation user to access the pro-file. profile.
file.
Note that if you have multiple users logging on to a workstation then in order to prevent them
from being able to access each others profiles you must remove the "Bypass traverse checking"
advanced user right. This will prevent access to other users profile directories as the top
level profile directory (named after the user) is created by the workstation profile code and
has an ACL restricting entry to the directory tree to the owning user.
Default: profile acls = no
queuepause command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server host in order to pause the
printer queue.
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name as its only parameter and
stops the printer queue, such that no longer jobs are submitted to the printer.
This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, but can be issued from the Printers
window under Windows 95 and NT.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end
of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the command as the PATH may not
be available to the server.
No default
Example: queuepause command = disable %p
queueresume command (S)
This parameter specifies the command to be executed on the server host in order to resume the
printer queue. It is the command to undo the behavior that is caused by the previous parameter
(queuepause command).
This command should be a program or script which takes a printer name as its only parameter and
resumes the printer queue, such that queued jobs are resubmitted to the printer.
This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, but can be issued from the Printers
window under Windows 95 and NT.
If a %p is given then the printer name is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end
of the command.
Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path in the command as the PATH may not
be available to the server.
Default: queueresume command =
Example: queueresume command = enable %p
read bmpx (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether smbd(8) will support the "Read Block Multiplex" SMB.
This is now rarely used and defaults to no. You should never need to set this parameter.
Default: read bmpx = no
read list (S)
This is a list of users that are given read-only access to a service. If the connecting user is
in this list then they will not be given write access, no matter what the read only option is
set to. The list can include group names using the syntax described in the invalid users param-eter. parameter.
eter.
This parameter will not work with the security = share in Samba 3.0. This is by design.
Default: read list =
Example: read list = mary, @students
read only (S)
An inverted synonym is writeable.
If this parameter is yes, then users of a service may not create or modify files in the ser-vice's service's
vice's directory.
Note that a printable service (printable = yes) will ALWAYS allow writing to the directory
(user privileges permitting), but only via spooling operations.
Default: read only = yes
read raw (G)
This parameter controls whether or not the server will support the raw read SMB requests when
transferring data to clients.
If enabled, raw reads allow reads of 65535 bytes in one packet. This typically provides a major
performance benefit.
However, some clients either negotiate the allowable block size incorrectly or are incapable of
supporting larger block sizes, and for these clients you may need to disable raw reads.
In general this parameter should be viewed as a system tuning tool and left severely alone.
Default: read raw = yes
realm (G)
This option specifies the kerberos realm to use. The realm is used as the ADS equivalent of the
NT4 domain. It is usually set to the DNS name of the kerberos server.
Default: realm =
Example: realm = mysambabox.mycompany.com
remote announce (G)
This option allows you to setup nmbd(8)to periodically announce itself to arbitrary IP
addresses with an arbitrary workgroup name.
This is useful if you want your Samba server to appear in a remote workgroup for which the nor-mal normal
mal browse propagation rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere that you can send
IP packets to.
For example:
remote announce = 192.168.2.255/SERVERS 192.168.4.255/STAFF
the above line would cause nmbd to announce itself to the two given IP addresses using the
given workgroup names. If you leave out the workgroup name then the one given in the workgroup
parameter is used instead.
The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast addresses of the remote networks,
but can also be the IP addresses of known browse masters if your network config is that stable.
See the chapter on Network Browsing in the Samba-HOWTO book.
Default: remote announce =
remote browse sync (G)
This option allows you to setup nmbd(8) to periodically request synchronization of browse lists
with the master browser of a Samba server that is on a remote segment. This option will allow
you to gain browse lists for multiple workgroups across routed networks. This is done in a man-ner manner
ner that does not work with any non-Samba servers.
This is useful if you want your Samba server and all local clients to appear in a remote work-group workgroup
group for which the normal browse propagation rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be
anywhere that you can send IP packets to.
For example:
remote browse sync = 192.168.2.255 192.168.4.255
the above line would cause nmbd to request the master browser on the specified subnets or
addresses to synchronize their browse lists with the local server.
The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast addresses of the remote networks,
but can also be the IP addresses of known browse masters if your network config is that stable.
If a machine IP address is given Samba makes NO attempt to validate that the remote machine is
available, is listening, nor that it is in fact the browse master on its segment.
The remote browse sync may be used on networks where there is no WINS server, and may be used
on disjoint networks where each network has its own WINS server.
Default: remote browse sync =
rename user script (G)
This is the full pathname to a script that will be run as root by smbd(8) under special circum-stances circumstances
stances described below.
When a user with admin authority or SeAddUserPrivilege rights renames a user (e.g.: from the
NT4 User Manager for Domains), this script will be run to rename the POSIX user. Two variables,
%uold and %unew, will be substituted with the old and new usernames, respectively. The script
should return 0 upon successful completion, and nonzero otherwise.
Note
The script has all responsibility to rename all the necessary data that is accessible in this
posix method. This can mean different requirements for different backends. The tdbsam and smb-passwd smbpasswd
passwd backends will take care of the contents of their respective files, so the script is
responsible only for changing the POSIX username, and other data that may required for your
circumstances, such as home directory. Please also consider whether or not you need to rename
the actual home directories themselves. The ldapsam backend will not make any changes, because
of the potential issues with renaming the LDAP naming attribute. In this case the script is
responsible for changing the attribute that samba uses (uid) for locating users, as well as any
data that needs to change for other applications using the same directory. Default: rename
user script = no
reset on zero vc (G)
This boolean option controls whether an incoming session setup should kill other connections
coming from the same IP. This matches the default Windows 2003 behaviour. Setting this parame-ter parameter
ter to yes becomes necessary when you have a flaky network and windows decides to reconnect
while the old connection still has files with share modes open. These files become inaccessible
over the new connection. The client sends a zero VC on the new connection, and Windows 2003
kills all other connections coming from the same IP. This way the locked files are accessible
again. Please be aware that enabling this option will kill connections behind a masquerading
router.
Default: reset on zero vc = no
restrict anonymous (G)
The setting of this parameter determines whether user and group list information is returned
for an anonymous connection. and mirrors the effects of the
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\
Control\LSA\RestrictAnonymous
registry key in Windows 2000 and Windows NT. When set to 0, user and group list information is
returned to anyone who asks. When set to 1, only an authenticated user can retrive user and
group list information. For the value 2, supported by Windows 2000/XP and Samba, no anonymous
connections are allowed at all. This can break third party and Microsoft applications which
expect to be allowed to perform operations anonymously.
The security advantage of using restrict anonymous = 1 is dubious, as user and group list
information can be obtained using other means.
Note
The security advantage of using restrict anonymous = 2 is removed by setting guest ok = yes on
any share. Default: restrict anonymous = 0
root
This parameter is a synonym for root directory.
root dir
This parameter is a synonym for root directory.
root directory (G)
The server will chroot() (i.e. Change its root directory) to this directory on startup. This is
not strictly necessary for secure operation. Even without it the server will deny access to
files not in one of the service entries. It may also check for, and deny access to, soft links
to other parts of the filesystem, or attempts to use ".." in file names to access other direc-tories directories
tories (depending on the setting of the wide smbconfoptions parameter).
Adding a root directory entry other than "/" adds an extra level of security, but at a price.
It absolutely ensures that no access is given to files not in the sub-tree specified in the
root directory option, including some files needed for complete operation of the server. To
maintain full operability of the server you will need to mirror some system files into the root
directory tree. In particular you will need to mirror /etc/passwd (or a subset of it), and any
binaries or configuration files needed for printing (if required). The set of files that must
be mirrored is operating system dependent.
Default: root directory = /
Example: root directory = /homes/smb
root postexec (S)
This is the same as the postexec parameter except that the command is run as root. This is use-ful useful
ful for unmounting filesystems (such as CDROMs) after a connection is closed.
Default: root postexec =
root preexec (S)
This is the same as the preexec parameter except that the command is run as root. This is use-ful useful
ful for mounting filesystems (such as CDROMs) when a connection is opened.
Default: root preexec =
root preexec close (S)
This is the same as the preexec close parameter except that the command is run as root.
Default: root preexec close = no
security (G)
This option affects how clients respond to Samba and is one of the most important settings in
the
smb.conf file.
The option sets the "security mode bit" in replies to protocol negotiations with smbd(8) to
turn share level security on or off. Clients decide based on this bit whether (and how) to
transfer user and password information to the server.
The default is security = user, as this is the most common setting needed when talking to Win-dows Windows
dows 98 and Windows NT.
The alternatives are security = share, security = server or security = domain.
In versions of Samba prior to 2.0.0, the default was security = share mainly because that was
the only option at one stage.
There is a bug in WfWg that has relevance to this setting. When in user or server level secu-rity security
rity a WfWg client will totally ignore the username and password you type in the "connect
drive" dialog box. This makes it very difficult (if not impossible) to connect to a Samba ser-vice service
vice as anyone except the user that you are logged into WfWg as.
If your PCs use usernames that are the same as their usernames on the UNIX machine then you
will want to use security = user. If you mostly use usernames that don't exist on the UNIX box
then use security = share.
You should also use security = share if you want to mainly setup shares without a password
(guest shares). This is commonly used for a shared printer server. It is more difficult to set-up setup
up guest shares with security = user, see the map to guestparameter for details.
It is possible to use smbd in a
hybrid mode where it is offers both user and share level security under different NetBIOS
aliases.
The different settings will now be explained.
SECURITY = SHARE
When clients connect to a share level security server they need not log onto the server with a
valid username and password before attempting to connect to a shared resource (although modern
clients such as Windows 95/98 and Windows NT will send a logon request with a username but no
password when talking to a security = share server). Instead, the clients send authentication
information (passwords) on a per-share basis, at the time they attempt to connect to that
share.
Note that smbd ALWAYS uses a valid UNIX user to act on behalf of the client, even in security =
share level security.
As clients are not required to send a username to the server in share level security, smbd uses
several techniques to determine the correct UNIX user to use on behalf of the client.
A list of possible UNIX usernames to match with the given client password is constructed using
the following methods :
If the guest only parameter is set, then all the other stages are missed and only the
guest account username is checked.
Is a username is sent with the share connection request, then this username (after map-ping mapping
ping - see username map), is added as a potential username.
If the client did a previous logon request (the SessionSetup SMB call) then the username
sent in this SMB will be added as a potential username.
The name of the service the client requested is added as a potential username.
The NetBIOS name of the client is added to the list as a potential username.
Any users on the user list are added as potential usernames.
If the guest only parameter is not set, then this list is then tried with the supplied pass-word. password.
word. The first user for whom the password matches will be used as the UNIX user.
If the guest only parameter is set, or no username can be determined then if the share is
marked as available to the guest account, then this guest user will be used, otherwise
access is denied.
Note that it can be very confusing in share-level security as to which UNIX username will
eventually be used in granting access.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
SECURITY = USER
This is the default security setting in Samba 3.0. With user-level security a client must
first "log-on" with a valid username and password (which can be mapped using the username
map parameter). Encrypted passwords (see the encrypted passwords parameter) can also be used
in this security mode. Parameters such as user and guest only if set are then applied and
may change the UNIX user to use on this connection, but only after the user has been suc-cessfully successfully
cessfully authenticated.
Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to the server until after the
server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why guest shares don't work in
user level security without allowing the server to automatically map unknown users into the
guest account. See the map to guest parameter for details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
SECURITY = DOMAIN
This mode will only work correctly if net(8) has been used to add this machine into a Win-dows Windows
dows NT Domain. It expects the encrypted passwords parameter to be set to yes. In this mode
Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing it to a Windows NT Primary or
Backup Domain Controller, in exactly the same way that a Windows NT Server would do.
Note that a valid UNIX user must still exist as well as the account on the Domain Controller
to allow Samba to have a valid UNIX account to map file access to.
Note that from the client's point of view security = domain is the same as security = user.
It only affects how the server deals with the authentication, it does not in any way affect
what the client sees.
Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to the server until after the
server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why guest shares don't work in
user level security without allowing the server to automatically map unknown users into the
guest account. See the map to guest parameter for details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
See also the password server parameter and the encrypted passwords parameter.
SECURITY = SERVER
In this mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing it to another SMB
server, such as an NT box. If this fails it will revert to security = user. It expects the
encrypted passwords parameter to be set to yes, unless the remote server does not support
them. However note that if encrypted passwords have been negotiated then Samba cannot revert
back to checking the UNIX password file, it must have a valid smbpasswd file to check users
against. See the chapter about the User Database in the Samba HOWTO Collection for details
on how to set this up.
Note
This mode of operation has significant pitfalls since it is more vulnerable to man-in-the-middle man-in-themiddle
middle attacks and server impersonation. In particular, this mode of operation can cause
significant resource consuption on the PDC, as it must maintain an active connection for the
duration of the user's session. Furthermore, if this connection is lost, there is no way to
reestablish it, and futher authentications to the Samba server may fail (from a single
client, till it disconnects).
Note
From the client's point of view security = server is the same as security = user. It only
affects how the server deals with the authentication, it does not in any way affect what the
client sees. Note that the name of the resource being requested is not sent to the server
until after the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why guest shares
don't work in user level security without allowing the server to automatically map unknown
users into the guest account. See the map to guest parameter for details on doing this.
See also the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION.
See also the password server parameter and the encrypted passwords parameter.
SECURITY = ADS
In this mode, Samba will act as a domain member in an ADS realm. To operate in this mode,
the machine running Samba will need to have Kerberos installed and configured and Samba will
need to be joined to the ADS realm using the net utility.
Note that this mode does NOT make Samba operate as a Active Directory Domain Controller.
Read the chapter about Domain Membership in the HOWTO for details.
Default: security = USER
Example: security = DOMAIN
security mask (S)
This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is
manipulating the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security dialog box.
This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to the changed permission bits, thus prevent-ing preventing
ing any bits not in this mask from being modified. Make sure not to mix up this parameter with
force security mode, which works in a manner similar to this one but uses a logical OR instead
of an AND.
Essentially, zero bits in this mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed to
change.
If not set explicitly this parameter is 0777, allowing a user to modify all the
user/group/world permissions on a file.
Note that users who can access the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this
restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. Administrators of
most normal systems will probably want to leave it set to 0777.
Default: security mask = 0777
Example: security mask = 0770
server schannel (G)
This controls whether the server offers or even demands the use of the netlogon schannel.
server schannel = no does not offer the schannel, server schannel = auto offers the schannel
but does not enforce it, and server schannel = yes denies access if the client is not able to
speak netlogon schannel. This is only the case for Windows NT4 before SP4.
Please note that with this set to no you will have to apply the WindowsXP WinXP_SignOrSeal.reg
registry patch found in the docs/registry subdirectory of the Samba distribution tarball.
Default: server schannel = auto
Example: server schannel = yes
server signing (G)
This controls whether the server offers or requires the client it talks to to use SMB signing.
Possible values are auto, mandatory and disabled.
When set to auto, SMB signing is offered, but not enforced. When set to mandatory, SMB signing
is required and if set to disabled, SMB signing is not offered either.
Default: server signing = Disabled
server string (G)
This controls what string will show up in the printer comment box in print manager and next to
the IPC connection in net view. It can be any string that you wish to show to your users.
It also sets what will appear in browse lists next to the machine name.
A %v will be replaced with the Samba version number.
A %h will be replaced with the hostname.
Default: server string = Samba %v
Example: server string = University of GNUs Samba Server
set directory (S)
If set directory = no, then users of the service may not use the setdir command to change
directory.
The setdir command is only implemented in the Digital Pathworks client. See the Pathworks docu-mentation documentation
mentation for details.
Default: set directory = no
set primary group script (G)
Thanks to the Posix subsystem in NT a Windows User has a primary group in addition to the aux-iliary auxiliary
iliary groups. This script sets the primary group in the unix userdatase when an administrator
sets the primary group from the windows user manager or when fetching a SAM with net rpc vam-pire. vampire.
pire. %u will be replaced with the user whose primary group is to be set. %g will be replaced
with the group to set.
Default: set primary group script =
Example: set primary group script = /usr/sbin/usermod -g '%g' '%u'
set quota command (G)
The set quota command should only be used whenever there is no operating system API available
from the OS that samba can use.
This option is only available if Samba was configured with the argument --with-sys-quotas or on
linux when was used and a working quota api was found in the system. Most packages are config-ured configured
ured with these options already.
This parameter should specify the path to a script that can set quota for the specified argu-ments. arguments.
ments.
The specified script should take the following arguments:
1 - quota type
1 - user quotas
2 - user default quotas (uid = -1)
3 - group quotas
4 - group default quotas (gid = -1)
2 - id (uid for user, gid for group, -1 if N/A)
3 - quota state (0 = disable, 1 = enable, 2 = enable and enforce)
4 - block softlimit
5 - block hardlimit
6 - inode softlimit
7 - inode hardlimit
8(optional) - block size, defaults to 1024
The script should output at least one line of data on success. And nothing on failure.
Default: set quota command =
Example: set quota command = /usr/local/sbin/set_quota
share modes (S)
This enables or disables the honoring of the share modes during a file open. These modes are
used by clients to gain exclusive read or write access to a file.
These open modes are not directly supported by UNIX, so they are simulated using shared memory,
or lock files if your UNIX doesn't support shared memory (almost all do).
The share modes that are enabled by this option are DENY_DOS, DENY_ALL, DENY_READ, DENY_WRITE,
DENY_NONE and DENY_FCB.
This option gives full share compatibility and enabled by default.
You should NEVER turn this parameter off as many Windows applications will break if you do so.
Default: share modes = yes
short preserve case (S)
This boolean parameter controls if new files which conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper
case and of suitable length, are created upper case, or if they are forced to be the default
case. This option can be use with preserve case = yes to permit long filenames to retain their
case, while short names are lowered.
See the section on NAME MANGLING.
Default: short preserve case = yes
show add printer wizard (G)
With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing support for Windows NT/2000 client in Samba 2.2,
a "Printers..." folder will appear on Samba hosts in the share listing. Normally this folder
will contain an icon for the MS Add Printer Wizard (APW). However, it is possible to disable
this feature regardless of the level of privilege of the connected user.
Under normal circumstances, the Windows NT/2000 client will open a handle on the printer server
with OpenPrinterEx() asking for Administrator privileges. If the user does not have administra-tive administrative
tive access on the print server (i.e is not root or a member of the printer admin group), the
OpenPrinterEx() call fails and the client makes another open call with a request for a lower
privilege level. This should succeed, however the APW icon will not be displayed.
Disabling the show add printer wizard parameter will always cause the OpenPrinterEx() on the
server to fail. Thus the APW icon will never be displayed.
Note
This does not prevent the same user from having administrative privilege on an individual
printer. Default: show add printer wizard = yes
shutdown script (G)
This a full path name to a script called by smbd(8) that should start a shutdown procedure.
If the connected user posseses the SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege, right, this command will be run
as user.
The %z %t %r %f variables are expanded as follows:
%z will be substituted with the shutdown message sent to the server.
%t will be substituted with the number of seconds to wait before effectively starting the
shutdown procedure.
%r will be substituted with the switch -r. It means reboot after shutdown for NT.
%f will be substituted with the switch -f. It means force the shutdown even if applica-tions applications
tions do not respond for NT.
Shutdown script example:
#!/bin/bash
$time=0
let "time/60"
let "time++"
/sbin/shutdown $3 $4 +$time $1 &
Shutdown does not return so we need to launch it in background.
Default: shutdown script =
Example: shutdown script = /usr/local/samba/sbin/shutdown %m %t %r %f
smb passwd file (G)
This option sets the path to the encrypted smbpasswd file. By default the path to the smbpasswd
file is compiled into Samba.
An example of use is:
smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
Default: smb passwd file = ${prefix}/private/smbpasswd
smb ports (G)
Specifies which ports the server should listen on for SMB traffic.
Default: smb ports = 445 139
socket address (G)
This option allows you to control what address Samba will listen for connections on. This is
used to support multiple virtual interfaces on the one server, each with a different configura-tion. configuration.
tion.
By default Samba will accept connections on any address.
Default: socket address =
Example: socket address = 192.168.2.20
socket options (G)
This option allows you to set socket options to be used when talking with the client.
Socket options are controls on the networking layer of the operating systems which allow the
connection to be tuned.
This option will typically be used to tune your Samba server for optimal performance for your
local network. There is no way that Samba can know what the optimal parameters are for your
net, so you must experiment and choose them yourself. We strongly suggest you read the appro-priate appropriate
priate documentation for your operating system first (perhaps man setsockopt will help).
You may find that on some systems Samba will say "Unknown socket option" when you supply an
option. This means you either incorrectly typed it or you need to add an include file to
includes.h for your OS. If the latter is the case please send the patch to samba-techni-cal@samba.org. samba-technical@samba.org.
cal@samba.org.
Any of the supported socket options may be combined in any way you like, as long as your OS
allows it.
This is the list of socket options currently settable using this option:
SO_KEEPALIVE
SO_REUSEADDR
SO_BROADCAST
TCP_NODELAY
IPTOS_LOWDELAY
IPTOS_THROUGHPUT
SO_SNDBUF *
SO_RCVBUF *
SO_SNDLOWAT *
SO_RCVLOWAT *
Those marked with a '*' take an integer argument. The others can optionally take a 1 or 0
argument to enable or disable the option, by default they will be enabled if you don't spec-ify specify
ify 1 or 0.
To specify an argument use the syntax SOME_OPTION = VALUE for example SO_SNDBUF = 8192. Note
that you must not have any spaces before or after the = sign.
If you are on a local network then a sensible option might be:
socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY
If you have a local network then you could try:
socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY TCP_NODELAY
If you are on a wide area network then perhaps try setting IPTOS_THROUGHPUT.
Note that several of the options may cause your Samba server to fail completely. Use these
options with caution!
Default: socket options = TCP_NODELAY
Example: socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY
stat cache (G)
This parameter determines if smbd(8) will use a cache in order to speed up case insensitive
name mappings. You should never need to change this parameter.
Default: stat cache = yes
store dos attributes (S)
If this parameter is set Samba attempts to first read DOS attributes (SYSTEM, HIDDEN, ARCHIVE
or READ-ONLY) from a filesystem extended attribute, before mapping DOS attributes to UNIX per-mission permission
mission bits (such as occurs with map hidden and map readonly). When set, DOS attributes will
be stored onto an extended attribute in the UNIX filesystem, associated with the file or direc-tory. directory.
tory. For no other mapping to occur as a fall-back, the parameters map hidden, map system, map
archive and map readonly must be set to off. This parameter writes the DOS attributes as a
string into the extended attribute named "user.DOSATTRIB". This extended attribute is explic-itly explicitly
itly hidden from smbd clients requesting an EA list. On Linux the filesystem must have been
mounted with the mount option user_xattr in order for extended attributes to work, also
extended attributes must be compiled into the Linux kernel.
Default: store dos attributes = no
strict allocate (S)
This is a boolean that controls the handling of disk space allocation in the server. When this
is set to yes the server will change from UNIX behaviour of not committing real disk storage
blocks when a file is extended to the Windows behaviour of actually forcing the disk system to
allocate real storage blocks when a file is created or extended to be a given size. In UNIX
terminology this means that Samba will stop creating sparse files. This can be slow on some
systems.
When strict allocate is no the server does sparse disk block allocation when a file is
extended.
Setting this to yes can help Samba return out of quota messages on systems that are restricting
the disk quota of users.
Default: strict allocate = no
strict locking (S)
This is an enumerated type that controls the handling of file locking in the server. When this
is set to yes, the server will check every read and write access for file locks, and deny
access if locks exist. This can be slow on some systems.
When strict locking is set to Auto (the default), the server performs file lock checks only on
non-oplocked files. As most Windows redirectors perform file locking checks locally on oplocked
files this is a good trade off for inproved performance.
When strict locking is disabled, the server performs file lock checks only when the client
explicitly asks for them.
Well-behaved clients always ask for lock checks when it is important. So in the vast majority
of cases, strict locking = Auto or strict locking = no is acceptable.
Default: strict locking = Auto
strict sync (S)
Many Windows applications (including the Windows 98 explorer shell) seem to confuse flushing
buffer contents to disk with doing a sync to disk. Under UNIX, a sync call forces the process
to be suspended until the kernel has ensured that all outstanding data in kernel disk buffers
has been safely stored onto stable storage. This is very slow and should only be done rarely.
Setting this parameter to no (the default) means that smbd(8) ignores the Windows applications
requests for a sync call. There is only a possibility of losing data if the operating system
itself that Samba is running on crashes, so there is little danger in this default setting. In
addition, this fixes many performance problems that people have reported with the new Windows98
explorer shell file copies.
Default: strict sync = no
svcctl list (G)
This option defines a list of init scripts that smbd will use for starting and stopping Unix
services via the Win32 ServiceControl API. This allows Windows administrators to utilize the MS
Management Console plug-ins to manage a Unix server running Samba.
The administrator must create a directory name svcctl in Samba's $(libdir) and create symbolic
links to the init scripts in /etc/init.d/. The name of the links must match the names given as
part of the svcctl list.
Default: svcctl list =
Example: svcctl list = cups postfix portmap httpd
sync always (S)
This is a boolean parameter that controls whether writes will always be written to stable stor-age storage
age before the write call returns. If this is no then the server will be guided by the client's
request in each write call (clients can set a bit indicating that a particular write should be
synchronous). If this is yes then every write will be followed by a fsync() call to ensure the
data is written to disk. Note that the strict sync parameter must be set to yes in order for
this parameter to have any affect.
Default: sync always = no
syslog (G)
This parameter maps how Samba debug messages are logged onto the system syslog logging levels.
Samba debug level zero maps onto syslog LOG_ERR, debug level one maps onto LOG_WARNING, debug
level two maps onto LOG_NOTICE, debug level three maps onto LOG_INFO. All higher levels are
mapped to LOG_DEBUG.
This parameter sets the threshold for sending messages to syslog. Only messages with debug
level less than this value will be sent to syslog.
Default: syslog = 1
syslog only (G)
If this parameter is set then Samba debug messages are logged into the system syslog only, and
not to the debug log files.
Default: syslog only = no
template homedir (G)
When filling out the user information for a Windows NT user, the winbindd(8) daemon uses this
parameter to fill in the home directory for that user. If the string %D is present it is sub-stituted substituted
stituted with the user's Windows NT domain name. If the string %U is present it is substituted
with the user's Windows NT user name.
Default: template homedir = /home/%D/%U
template shell (G)
When filling out the user information for a Windows NT user, the winbindd(8) daemon uses this
parameter to fill in the login shell for that user.
No default
time offset (G)
This parameter is a setting in minutes to add to the normal GMT to local time conversion. This
is useful if you are serving a lot of PCs that have incorrect daylight saving time handling.
Default: time offset = 0
Example: time offset = 60
time server (G)
This parameter determines if nmbd(8) advertises itself as a time server to Windows clients.
Default: time server = no
unix charset (G)
Specifies the charset the unix machine Samba runs on uses. Samba needs to know this in order to
be able to convert text to the charsets other SMB clients use.
This is also the charset Samba will use when specifying arguments to scripts that it invokes.
Default: unix charset = UTF8
Example: unix charset = ASCII
unix extensions (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether Samba implments the CIFS UNIX extensions, as defined by
HP. These extensions enable Samba to better serve UNIX CIFS clients by supporting features such
as symbolic links, hard links, etc... These extensions require a similarly enabled client, and
are of no current use to Windows clients.
Default: unix extensions = yes
unix password sync (G)
This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to synchronize the UNIX password with
the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed. If this is
set to yes the program specified in the passwd programparameter is called AS ROOT - to allow
the new UNIX password to be set without access to the old UNIX password (as the SMB password
change code has no access to the old password cleartext, only the new).
Default: unix password sync = no
update encrypted (G)
This boolean parameter allows a user logging on with a plaintext password to have their
encrypted (hashed) password in the smbpasswd file to be updated automatically as they log on.
This option allows a site to migrate from plaintext password authentication (users authenticate
with plaintext password over the wire, and are checked against a UNIX account atabase) to
encrypted password authentication (the SMB challenge/response authentication mechanism) without
forcing all users to re-enter their passwords via smbpasswd at the time the change is made.
This is a convenience option to allow the change over to encrypted passwords to be made over a
longer period. Once all users have encrypted representations of their passwords in the smb-passwd smbpasswd
passwd file this parameter should be set to no.
In order for this parameter to be operative the encrypt passwords parameter must be set to no.
The default value of encrypt passwords = Yes. Note: This must be set to no for this update
encrypted to work.
Note that even when this parameter is set a user authenticating to smbd must still enter a
valid password in order to connect correctly, and to update their hashed (smbpasswd) passwords.
Default: update encrypted = no
use client driver (S)
This parameter applies only to Windows NT/2000 clients. It has no effect on Windows 95/98/ME
clients. When serving a printer to Windows NT/2000 clients without first installing a valid
printer driver on the Samba host, the client will be required to install a local printer
driver. From this point on, the client will treat the print as a local printer and not a net-work network
work printer connection. This is much the same behavior that will occur when disable spoolss =
yes.
The differentiating factor is that under normal circumstances, the NT/2000 client will attempt
to open the network printer using MS-RPC. The problem is that because the client considers the
printer to be local, it will attempt to issue the OpenPrinterEx() call requesting access rights
associated with the logged on user. If the user possesses local administator rights but not
root privilege on the Samba host (often the case), the OpenPrinterEx() call will fail. The
result is that the client will now display an "Access Denied; Unable to connect" message in the
printer queue window (even though jobs may successfully be printed).
If this parameter is enabled for a printer, then any attempt to open the printer with the
PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER right is mapped to PRINTER_ACCESS_USE instead. Thus allowing the
OpenPrinterEx() call to succeed. This parameter MUST not be able enabled on a print share
which has valid print driver installed on the Samba server.
Default: use client driver = no
use kerberos keytab (G)
Specifies whether Samba should attempt to maintain service principals in the systems keytab
file for host/FQDN and cifs/FQDN.
When you are using the heimdal Kerberos libraries, you must also specify the following in
/etc/krb5.conf:
[libdefaults]
default_keytab_name = FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab
Default: use kerberos keytab = False
use mmap (G)
This global parameter determines if the tdb internals of Samba can depend on mmap working cor-rectly correctly
rectly on the running system. Samba requires a coherent mmap/read-write system memory cache.
Currently only HPUX does not have such a coherent cache, and so this parameter is set to no by
default on HPUX. On all other systems this parameter should be left alone. This parameter is
provided to help the Samba developers track down problems with the tdb internal code.
Default: use mmap = yes
user
This parameter is a synonym for username.
users
This parameter is a synonym for username.
username (S)
Multiple users may be specified in a comma-delimited list, in which case the supplied password
will be tested against each username in turn (left to right).
The username line is needed only when the PC is unable to supply its own username. This is the
case for the COREPLUS protocol or where your users have different WfWg usernames to UNIX user-names. usernames.
names. In both these cases you may also be better using the \serverre%user syntax instead.
The username line is not a great solution in many cases as it means Samba will try to validate
the supplied password against each of the usernames in the username line in turn. This is slow
and a bad idea for lots of users in case of duplicate passwords. You may get timeouts or secu-rity security
rity breaches using this parameter unwisely.
Samba relies on the underlying UNIX security. This parameter does not restrict who can login,
it just offers hints to the Samba server as to what usernames might correspond to the supplied
password. Users can login as whoever they please and they will be able to do no more damage
than if they started a telnet session. The daemon runs as the user that they log in as, so they
cannot do anything that user cannot do.
To restrict a service to a particular set of users you can use the valid users parameter.
If any of the usernames begin with a '@' then the name will be looked up first in the NIS net-groups netgroups
groups list (if Samba is compiled with netgroup support), followed by a lookup in the UNIX
groups database and will expand to a list of all users in the group of that name.
If any of the usernames begin with a '+' then the name will be looked up only in the UNIX
groups database and will expand to a list of all users in the group of that name.
If any of the usernames begin with a '&' then the name will be looked up only in the NIS net-groups netgroups
groups database (if Samba is compiled with netgroup support) and will expand to a list of all
users in the netgroup group of that name.
Note that searching though a groups database can take quite some time, and some clients may
time out during the search.
See the section NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION for more information on how this param-eter parameter
eter determines access to the services.
Default: username = # The guest account if a guest service, else <empty string>.
Example: username = fred, mary, jack, jane, @users, @pcgroup
username level (G)
This option helps Samba to try and 'guess' at the real UNIX username, as many DOS clients send
an all-uppercase username. By default Samba tries all lowercase, followed by the username with
the first letter capitalized, and fails if the username is not found on the UNIX machine.
If this parameter is set to non-zero the behavior changes. This parameter is a number that
specifies the number of uppercase combinations to try while trying to determine the UNIX user
name. The higher the number the more combinations will be tried, but the slower the discovery
of usernames will be. Use this parameter when you have strange usernames on your UNIX machine,
such as AstrangeUser .
This parameter is needed only on UNIX systems that have case sensitive usernames.
Default: username level = 0
Example: username level = 5
username map (G)
This option allows you to specify a file containing a mapping of usernames from the clients to
the server. This can be used for several purposes. The most common is to map usernames that
users use on DOS or Windows machines to those that the UNIX box uses. The other is to map mul-tiple multiple
tiple users to a single username so that they can more easily share files.
Please note that for user or share mode security, the username map is applied prior to validat-ing validating
ing the user credentials. Domain member servers (domain or ads) apply the username map after
the user has been successfully authenticated by the domain controller and require fully quali-fied qualified
fied enties in the map table (e.g. biddle = DOMAINo).
The map file is parsed line by line. Each line should contain a single UNIX username on the
left then a '=' followed by a list of usernames on the right. The list of usernames on the
right may contain names of the form @group in which case they will match any UNIX username in
that group. The special client name '*' is a wildcard and matches any name. Each line of the
map file may be up to 1023 characters long.
The file is processed on each line by taking the supplied username and comparing it with each
username on the right hand side of the '=' signs. If the supplied name matches any of the names
on the right hand side then it is replaced with the name on the left. Processing then continues
with the next line.
If any line begins with a '#' or a ';' then it is ignored.
If any line begins with an '!' then the processing will stop after that line if a mapping was
done by the line. Otherwise mapping continues with every line being processed. Using '!' is
most useful when you have a wildcard mapping line later in the file.
For example to map from the name admin or administrator to the UNIX name
root you would use:
root = admin administrator
Or to map anyone in the UNIX group system to the UNIX name sys you would use:
sys = @system
You can have as many mappings as you like in a username map file.
If your system supports the NIS NETGROUP option then the netgroup database is checked before
the /etc/group database for matching groups.
You can map Windows usernames that have spaces in them by using double quotes around the name.
For example:
tridge = "Andrew Tridgell"
would map the windows username "Andrew Tridgell" to the unix username "tridge".
The following example would map mary and fred to the unix user sys, and map the rest to guest.
Note the use of the '!' to tell Samba to stop processing if it gets a match on that line:
!sys = mary fred
guest = *
Note that the remapping is applied to all occurrences of usernames. Thus if you connect to
\servered and fred is remapped to mary then you will actually be connecting to \serverry and
will need to supply a password suitable for mary not fred. The only exception to this is the
username passed to the password server (if you have one). The password server will receive
whatever username the client supplies without modification.
Also note that no reverse mapping is done. The main effect this has is with printing. Users who
have been mapped may have trouble deleting print jobs as PrintManager under WfWg will think
they don't own the print job.
Samba versions prior to 3.0.8 would only support reading the fully qualified username (e.g.:
DOMAINser) from the username map when performing a kerberos login from a client. However, when
looking up a map entry for a user authenticated by NTLM[SSP], only the login name would be used
for matches. This resulted in inconsistent behavior sometimes even on the same server.
The following functionality is obeyed in version 3.0.8 and later:
When performing local authentication, the username map is applied to the login name before
attempting to authenticate the connection.
When relying upon a external domain controller for validating authentication requests, smbd
will apply the username map to the fully qualified username (i.e. DOMAINser) only after the
user has been successfully authenticated.
An example of use is:
username map = /usr/local/samba/lib/users.map
Default: username map = # no username map
username map script (G)
This script is a mutually exclusive alternative to the username map parameter. This parameter
specifies and external program or script that must accept a single command line option (the
username transmitted in the authentication request) and return a line line on standard output
(the name to which the account should mapped). In this way, it is possible to store username
map tables in an LDAP or NIS directory services.
Default: username map script =
Example: username map script = /etc/samba/scripts/mapusers.sh
usershare allow guests (G)
This parameter controls whether user defined shares are allowed to be accessed by non-authenti-cated non-authenticated
cated users or not. It is the equivalent of allowing people who can create a share the option
of setting guest ok = yes in a share definition. Due to the security sensitive nature of this
the default is set to off.
Default: usershare allow guests = no
usershare max shares (G)
This parameter specifies the number of user defined shares that are allowed to be created by
users belonging to the group owning the usershare directory. If set to zero (the default) user
defined shares are ignored.
Default: usershare max shares = 0
usershare owner only (G)
This parameter controls whether the pathname exported by a user defined shares must be owned by
the user creating the user defined share or not. If set to True (the default) then smbd checks
that the directory path being shared is owned by the user who owns the usershare file defining
this share and refuses to create the share if not. If set to False then no such check is per-formed performed
formed and any directory path may be exported regardless of who owns it.
Default: usershare owner only = True
usershare path (G)
This parameter specifies the absolute path of the directory on the filesystem used to store the
user defined share definition files. This directory must be owned by root, and have no access
for other, and be writable only by the group owner. In addition the "sticky" bit must also be
set, restricting rename and delete to owners of a file (in the same way the /tmp directory is
usually configured). Members of the group owner of this directory are the users allowed to cre-ate create
ate usershares. If this parameter is undefined then no user defined shares are allowed.
For example, a valid usershare directory might be /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares, set up as
follows.
ls -ld /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares/
drwxrwx--T 2 root power_users 4096 2006-05-05 12:27 /usr/local/samba/lib/usershares/
In this case, only members of the group "power_users" can create user defined shares.
Default: usershare path = NULL
usershare prefix allow list (G)
This parameter specifies a list of absolute pathnames the root of which are allowed to be
exported by user defined share definitions. If the pathname exported doesn't start with one of
the strings in this list the user defined share will not be allowed. This allows the Samba
administrator to restrict the directories on the system that can be exported by user defined
shares.
If there is a "usershare prefix deny list" and also a "usershare prefix allow list" the deny
list is processed first, followed by the allow list, thus leading to the most restrictive
interpretation.
Default: usershare prefix allow list = NULL
Example: usershare prefix allow list = /home /data /space
usershare prefix deny list (G)
This parameter specifies a list of absolute pathnames the root of which are NOT allowed to be
exported by user defined share definitions. If the pathname exported starts with one of the
strings in this list the user defined share will not be allowed. Any pathname not starting with
one of these strings will be allowed to be exported as a usershare. This allows the Samba
administrator to restrict the directories on the system that can be exported by user defined
shares.
If there is a "usershare prefix deny list" and also a "usershare prefix allow list" the deny
list is processed first, followed by the allow list, thus leading to the most restrictive
interpretation.
Default: usershare prefix deny list = NULL
Example: usershare prefix deny list = /etc /dev /private
usershare template share (G)
User defined shares only have limited possible parameters such as path, guest ok etc. This
parameter allows usershares to "cloned" from an existing share. If "usershare template share"
is set to the name of an existing share, then all usershares created have their defaults set
from the parameters set on this share.
The target share may be set to be invalid for real file sharing by setting the parameter
"-valid = False" on the template share definition. This causes it not to be seen as a real
exported share but to be able to be used as a template for usershares.
Default: usershare template share = NULL
Example: usershare template share = template_share
use sendfile (S)
If this parameter is yes, and the sendfile() system call is supported by the underlying operat-ing operating
ing system, then some SMB read calls (mainly ReadAndX and ReadRaw) will use the more efficient
sendfile system call for files that are exclusively oplocked. This may make more efficient use
of the system CPU's and cause Samba to be faster. Samba automatically turns this off for
clients that use protocol levels lower than NT LM 0.12 and when it detects a client is Windows
9x (using sendfile from Linux will cause these clients to fail).
Default: use sendfile = false
use spnego (G)
This variable controls controls whether samba will try to use Simple and Protected NEGOciation
(as specified by rfc2478) with WindowsXP and Windows2000 clients to agree upon an authentica-tion authentication
tion mechanism.
Unless further issues are discovered with our SPNEGO implementation, there is no reason this
should ever be disabled.
Default: use spnego = yes
utmp (G)
This boolean parameter is only available if Samba has been configured and compiled with the
option --with-utmp. If set to yes then Samba will attempt to add utmp or utmpx records (depend-ing (depending
ing on the UNIX system) whenever a connection is made to a Samba server. Sites may use this to
record the user connecting to a Samba share.
Due to the requirements of the utmp record, we are required to create a unique identifier for
the incoming user. Enabling this option creates an n^2 algorithm to find this number. This may
impede performance on large installations.
Default: utmp = no
utmp directory (G)
This parameter is only available if Samba has been configured and compiled with the option
--with-utmp. It specifies a directory pathname that is used to store the utmp or utmpx files
(depending on the UNIX system) that record user connections to a Samba server. By default this
is not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the native system is set to use
(usually /var/run/utmp on Linux).
Default: utmp directory = # Determined automatically
Example: utmp directory = /var/run/utmp
-valid (S)
This parameter indicates whether a share is valid and thus can be used. When this parameter is
set to false, the share will be in no way visible nor accessible.
This option should not be used by regular users but might be of help to developers. Samba uses
this option internally to mark shares as deleted.
Default: -valid = yes
valid users (S)
This is a list of users that should be allowed to login to this service. Names starting with
'@', '+' and '&' are interpreted using the same rules as described in the invalid users parame-ter. parameter.
ter.
If this is empty (the default) then any user can login. If a username is in both this list and
the invalid users list then access is denied for that user.
The current servicename is substituted for %S. This is useful in the [homes] section.
Default: valid users = # No valid users list (anyone can login)
Example: valid users = greg, @pcusers
veto files (S)
This is a list of files and directories that are neither visible nor accessible. Each entry in
the list must be separated by a '/', which allows spaces to be included in the entry. '*' and
'?' can be used to specify multiple files or directories as in DOS wildcards.
Each entry must be a unix path, not a DOS path and must not include the unix directory separa-tor separator
tor '/'.
Note that the case sensitive option is applicable in vetoing files.
One feature of the veto files parameter that it is important to be aware of is Samba's behav-iour behaviour
iour when trying to delete a directory. If a directory that is to be deleted contains nothing
but veto files this deletion will fail unless you also set the delete veto files parameter to
yes.
Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, as it will be forced to check all
files and directories for a match as they are scanned.
Examples of use include:
; Veto any files containing the word Security,
; any ending in .tmp, and any directory containing the
; word root.
veto files = /*Security*/*.tmp/*root*/
; Veto the Apple specific files that a NetAtalk server
; creates.
veto files = /.AppleDouble/.bin/.AppleDesktop/Network Trash Folder/
Default: veto files = No files or directories are vetoed.
veto oplock files (S)
This parameter is only valid when the oplocks parameter is turned on for a share. It allows the
Samba administrator to selectively turn off the granting of oplocks on selected files that
match a wildcarded list, similar to the wildcarded list used in the veto files parameter.
You might want to do this on files that you know will be heavily contended for by clients. A
good example of this is in the NetBench SMB benchmark program, which causes heavy client con-tention contention
tention for files ending in .SEM. To cause Samba not to grant oplocks on these files you would
use the line (either in the [global] section or in the section for the particular NetBench
share.
An example of use is:
veto oplock files = /.*SEM/
Default: veto oplock files = # No files are vetoed for oplock grants
vfs object
This parameter is a synonym for vfs objects.
vfs objects (S)
This parameter specifies the backend names which are used for Samba VFS I/O operations. By
default, normal disk I/O operations are used but these can be overloaded with one or more VFS
objects.
Default: vfs objects =
Example: vfs objects = extd_audit recycle
volume (S)
This allows you to override the volume label returned for a share. Useful for CDROMs with
installation programs that insist on a particular volume label.
Default: volume = # the name of the share
wide links (S)
This parameter controls whether or not links in the UNIX file system may be followed by the
server. Links that point to areas within the directory tree exported by the server are always
allowed; this parameter controls access only to areas that are outside the directory tree being
exported.
Note that setting this parameter can have a negative effect on your server performance due to
the extra system calls that Samba has to do in order to perform the link checks.
Default: wide links = yes
winbind cache time (G)
This parameter specifies the number of seconds the winbindd(8) daemon will cache user and group
information before querying a Windows NT server again.
This does not apply to authentication requests, these are always evaluated in real time unless
the winbind offline logon option has been enabled.
Default: winbind cache time = 300
winbind enum groups (G)
On large installations using winbindd(8) it may be necessary to suppress the enumeration of
groups through the setgrent(), getgrent() and endgrent() group of system calls. If the winbind
enum groups parameter is no, calls to the getgrent() system call will not return any data.
Warning
Turning off group enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly. Default: winbind enum
groups = no
winbind enum users (G)
On large installations using winbindd(8) it may be necessary to suppress the enumeration of
users through the setpwent(), getpwent() and endpwent() group of system calls. If the winbind
enum users parameter is no, calls to the getpwent system call will not return any data.
Warning
Turning off user enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly. For example, the finger
program relies on having access to the full user list when searching for matching usernames.
Default: winbind enum users = no
winbind expand groups (G)
This option controls the maximum depth that winbindd will traverse when flattening nested group
memberships of Windows domain groups. This is different from the winbind nested groups option
which implements the Windows NT4 model of local group nesting. The "winbind expand groups"
parameter specifically applies to the membership of domain groups.
Be aware that a high value for this parameter can result in system slowdown as the main parent
winbindd daemon must perform the group unrolling and will be unable to answer incoming NSS or
authentication requests during this time.
Default: winbind expand groups = 1
winbind nested groups (G)
If set to yes, this parameter activates the support for nested groups. Nested groups are also
called local groups or aliases. They work like their counterparts in Windows: Nested groups are
defined locally on any machine (they are shared between DC's through their SAM) and can contain
users and global groups from any trusted SAM. To be able to use nested groups, you need to run
nss_winbind.
Default: winbind nested groups = yes
winbind normalize names (G)
This parameter controls whether winbindd will replace whitespace in user and group names with
an underscore (_) character. For example, whether the name "Space Kadet" should be replaced
with the string "space_kadet". Frequently Unix shell scripts will have difficulty with user-names usernames
names contains whitespace due to the default field separator in the shell. Do not enable this
option if the underscore character is used in account names within your domain
Default: winbind normalize names = no
Example: winbind normalize names = yes
winbind nss info (G)
This parameter is designed to control how Winbind retrieves Name Service Information to con-struct construct
struct a user's home directory and login shell. Currently the following settings are available:
template - The default, using the parameters of template shell and template homedir)
sfu - When Samba is running in security = ads and your Active Directory Domain Controller
does support the Microsoft "Services for Unix" (SFU) LDAP schema, winbind can retrieve
the login shell and the home directory attributes directly from your Directory Server.
Note that retrieving UID and GID from your ADS-Server requires to use idmap backend =
idmap_ad as well.
Default: winbind nss info = template
Example: winbind nss info = template sfu
winbind offline logon (G)
This parameter is designed to control whether Winbind should allow to login with the pam_win-bind pam_winbind
bind module using Cached Credentials. If enabled, winbindd will store user credentials from
successful logins encrypted in a local cache.
Default: winbind offline logon = false
Example: winbind offline logon = true
winbind refresh tickets (G)
This parameter is designed to control whether Winbind should refresh Kerberos Tickets retrieved
using the pam_winbind module.
Default: winbind refresh tickets = false
Example: winbind refresh tickets = true
winbind rpc only (G)
Setting this parameter to yes forces winbindd to use RPC instead of LDAP to retrieve informa-tion information
tion from Domain Controllers.
Default: winbind rpc only = no
winbind separator (G)
This parameter allows an admin to define the character used when listing a username of the form
of DOMAIN \fIuser. This parameter is only applicable when using the pam_winbind.so and nss_win-bind.so nss_winbind.so
bind.so modules for UNIX services.
Please note that setting this parameter to + causes problems with group membership at least on
glibc systems, as the character + is used as a special character for NIS in /etc/group.
Default: winbind separator = '\'
Example: winbind separator = +
winbind trusted domains only (G)
This parameter is designed to allow Samba servers that are members of a Samba controlled domain
to use UNIX accounts distributed via NIS, rsync, or LDAP as the uid's for winbindd users in the
hosts primary domain. Therefore, the user DOMAIN\user1 would be mapped to the account user1 in
/etc/passwd instead of allocating a new uid for him or her.
This parameter is now deprecated in favor of the newer idmap_nss backend. Refer to the idmap
domains smb.conf option and the idmap_nss(8) man page for more information.
Default: winbind trusted domains only = no
winbind use default domain (G)
This parameter specifies whether the winbindd(8) daemon should operate on users without domain
component in their username. Users without a domain component are treated as is part of the
winbindd server's own domain. While this does not benifit Windows users, it makes SSH, FTP and
e-mail function in a way much closer to the way they would in a native unix system.
Default: winbind use default domain = no
Example: winbind use default domain = yes
wins hook (G)
When Samba is running as a WINS server this allows you to call an external program for all
changes to the WINS database. The primary use for this option is to allow the dynamic update of
external name resolution databases such as dynamic DNS.
The wins hook parameter specifies the name of a script or executable that will be called as
follows:
wins_hook operation name nametype ttl IP_list
The first argument is the operation and is one of "add", "delete", or "refresh". In most
cases the operation can be ignored as the rest of the parameters provide sufficient
information. Note that "refresh" may sometimes be called when the name has not previously
been added, in that case it should be treated as an add.
The second argument is the NetBIOS name. If the name is not a legal name then the wins
hook is not called. Legal names contain only letters, digits, hyphens, underscores and
periods.
The third argument is the NetBIOS name type as a 2 digit hexadecimal number.
The fourth argument is the TTL (time to live) for the name in seconds.
The fifth and subsequent arguments are the IP addresses currently registered for that
name. If this list is empty then the name should be deleted.
An example script that calls the BIND dynamic DNS update program nsupdate is provided in the
examples directory of the Samba source code.
No default
wins proxy (G)
This is a boolean that controls if nmbd(8) will respond to broadcast name queries on behalf of
other hosts. You may need to set this to yes for some older clients.
Default: wins proxy = no
wins server (G)
This specifies the IP address (or DNS name: IP address for preference) of the WINS server that
nmbd(8) should register with. If you have a WINS server on your network then you should set
this to the WINS server's IP.
You should point this at your WINS server if you have a multi-subnetted network.
If you want to work in multiple namespaces, you can give every wins server a 'tag'. For each
tag, only one (working) server will be queried for a name. The tag should be separated from the
ip address by a colon.
Note
You need to set up Samba to point to a WINS server if you have multiple subnets and wish cross-subnet crosssubnet
subnet browsing to work correctly. See the chapter in the Samba3-HOWTO on Network Browsing.
Default: wins server =
Example: wins server = mary:192.9.200.1 fred:192.168.3.199 mary:192.168.2.61 # For this example
when querying a certain name, 192.19.200.1 will be asked first and if that doesn't respond
192.168.2.61. If either of those doesn't know the name 192.168.3.199 will be queried.
Example: wins server = 192.9.200.1 192.168.2.61
wins support (G)
This boolean controls if the nmbd(8) process in Samba will act as a WINS server. You should not
set this to yes unless you have a multi-subnetted network and you wish a particular nmbd to be
your WINS server. Note that you should NEVER set this to yes on more than one machine in your
network.
Default: wins support = no
workgroup (G)
This controls what workgroup your server will appear to be in when queried by clients. Note
that this parameter also controls the Domain name used with the security = domain setting.
Default: workgroup = WORKGROUP
Example: workgroup = MYGROUP
writable
This parameter is a synonym for writeable.
writeable (S)
Inverted synonym for read only.
No default
write cache size (S)
If this integer parameter is set to non-zero value, Samba will create an in-memory cache for
each oplocked file (it does not do this for non-oplocked files). All writes that the client
does not request to be flushed directly to disk will be stored in this cache if possible. The
cache is flushed onto disk when a write comes in whose offset would not fit into the cache or
when the file is closed by the client. Reads for the file are also served from this cache if
the data is stored within it.
This cache allows Samba to batch client writes into a more efficient write size for RAID disks
(i.e. writes may be tuned to be the RAID stripe size) and can improve performance on systems
where the disk subsystem is a bottleneck but there is free memory for userspace programs.
The integer parameter specifies the size of this cache (per oplocked file) in bytes.
Default: write cache size = 0
Example: write cache size = 262144 # for a 256k cache size per file
write list (S)
This is a list of users that are given read-write access to a service. If the connecting user
is in this list then they will be given write access, no matter what the read only option is
set to. The list can include group names using the @group syntax.
Note that if a user is in both the read list and the write list then they will be given write
access.
By design, this parameter will not work with the security = share in Samba 3.0.
Default: write list =
Example: write list = admin, root, @staff
write raw (G)
This parameter controls whether or not the server will support raw write SMB's when transfer-ring transferring
ring data from clients. You should never need to change this parameter.
Default: write raw = yes
wtmp directory (G)
This parameter is only available if Samba has been configured and compiled with the option
--with-utmp. It specifies a directory pathname that is used to store the wtmp or wtmpx files
(depending on the UNIX system) that record user connections to a Samba server. The difference
with the utmp directory is the fact that user info is kept after a user has logged out.
By default this is not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the native system is
set to use (usually /var/run/wtmp on Linux).
Default: wtmp directory =
Example: wtmp directory = /var/log/wtmp
WARNINGS
Although the configuration file permits service names to contain spaces, your client software may
not. Spaces will be ignored in comparisons anyway, so it shouldn't be a problem - but be aware of the
possibility.
On a similar note, many clients - especially DOS clients - limit service names to eight characters.
smbd(8) has no such limitation, but attempts to connect from such clients will fail if they truncate
the service names. For this reason you should probably keep your service names down to eight charac-ters characters
ters in length.
Use of the [homes] and [printers] special sections make life for an administrator easy, but the vari-ous various
ous combinations of default attributes can be tricky. Take extreme care when designing these sec-tions. sections.
tions. In particular, ensure that the permissions on spool directories are correct.
VERSION
This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.
SEE ALSO
samba(7), smbpasswd(8), swat(8), smbd(8), nmbd(8), smbclient(1), nmblookup(1), testparm(1), test-prns(1). testprns(1).
prns(1).
AUTHOR
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now
developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is devel-oped. developed.
oped.
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL
format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available at
ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conver-
sion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba
3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.
SMB.CONF(5)
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