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The Reference Library is a comprehensive collection of Apple technical resources, including Articles, Guides, Reference, Release Notes, Sample Code, Technical Notes, and Technical Q&As. Each of the links below leads to the resources for a specific topic.

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The Gamma function in the Mac OS X 10.2 Math Library (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1143: How various gamma functions are implemented in Mac OS X
Porting Technical Q&As 2002-08-27
Garbage Collection Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the garbage collection system for Cocoa.
Cocoa Guides 2008-11-19
Garbage Collection Release Notes (HTML)
Describes features, issues, and workarounds related to Mac OS X v10.5 and its support of garbage collection.
Cocoa Release Notes 2007-10-31
Gathering all PostScript Printer Descriptions (PPDs) (HTML)
QA1529: Describes a work around for an issue in PMCopyAvailablePPDs on Mac OS X 10.4 and below
Carbon, Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging, Printing Technical Q&As 2008-08-08
GCC 3 Release Notes (HTML)
Updated for Xcode 2.3
Tools Release Notes 2006-05-23
GCC 4 Release Notes (HTML)
Updated for Xcode 3.0
Tools Release Notes 2007-10-31
GCC Porting Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Provides guidance on how to migrate projects to new GCC releases.
Carbon, Cocoa, Darwin, Performance, Porting, Tools Guides 2006-10-03
GDB for MacsBug Veterans (HTML)
TN2030: Translate your experience with MacsBug into a working knowledge of the GNU source-level debugger (GDB).
Carbon, Darwin, Performance, Tools Technical Notes 2001-10-18
GDB Internals (HTML)
Open-source document that explains the GDB implementation.
Tools Guides 2008-06-19
GDB Quick Reference (PDF)
Printable quick reference card.
Tools Reference
GDB Release Notes (HTML)
Updated for Mac OS X v10.5
Tools Release Notes 2007-05-16
GDGetScale (HTML)
Deprecated - QTICM04: Describes the function call GDGetScale, its parameters, and errors it may encounter.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 1995-05-01
GDHasScale (HTML)
Deprecated - QTICM03: Describes the function GDHasScale; lists what it returns, its main purpose, parameters, and possible errors.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 1995-05-01
GDSetScale (HTML)
Deprecated - QTICM05: Describes the function GDSetScale, its parameters, and the errors it may encounter.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 1995-05-01
GeekGameBoard (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to use Core Animation for the user interface of a board or card game.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging, Performance Sample Code 2007-12-19
Generating a Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI) (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1264: Explains how to generate a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) on modern Macintosh systems.
Audio, Darwin, Hardware & Drivers, Mac OS X Server, Networking, Printing, Tools Technical Q&As 2008-10-13
Gestalt Manager Q&As (HTML)
Deprecated - OS505: Describes methods utilizing the Gestalt Manager for determining whether a Macintosh is a U.S. machine.
Carbon Technical Notes 1992-12-01
Gestalt Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for obtaining information about the operating-system environment.
Carbon Reference 2007-10-31
GetDIBFromPict fails with QuickTime "Minimum" installation (HTML)
QA1294: Demonstrates how to check for any available QuickTime components required by individual QuickTime functions.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 2004-09-28
GetDragHiliteColor (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to obtain the color that Drag Manager uses to hilite regions when calling ShowDragHilite.
Carbon Sample Code 2003-01-30
GetHWEthernetAddr (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - Shows how to obtain the hardware Ethernet address of a machine.
Carbon, Hardware & Drivers, Networking Sample Code 2003-01-14
GetMACAddressSample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to retrieve the MAC address for each Ethernet interface from the Mac OS X I/O Registry.
Carbon, Cocoa, Darwin, Games, Hardware & Drivers, Mac OS X Server, Networking, Security Sample Code 2003-01-14
GetPortBitMapForCopyBits (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - QD61: Describes the proper usage of GetPortBitMapForCopyBits.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2000-11-08
GetPrimaryMACAddress (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates retrieving the MAC address of the built-in Ethernet controller. Useful for uniquely identifying a Macintosh system.
Carbon, Cocoa, Darwin, Games, Hardware & Drivers, Mac OS X Server, Networking, Security Sample Code 2005-10-27
GetProcAdress and OpenGL Entry Points (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1188: Technique for finding function pointers for OpenGL entry points in Cocoa and Carbon
Carbon, Games, Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2002-11-25
GetSetOptions (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates a variety of uses of Open Transport's option management routines.
Carbon, Games, Hardware & Drivers, Internet & Web, Mac OS X Server, Networking Sample Code 2003-01-14
Getting a List of Drivers & LUNs (logical unit numbers) (HTML)
Deprecated - DV04: Describes a legacy Mac OS technique for obtaining a list of SCSI Parallel drivers, devices, and LUNs.
Hardware & Drivers Technical Q&As 1995-07-01
Getting a Packet Trace (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1176: Lists tools available for looking at the network packets on the wire.
Carbon, Cocoa, Core Foundation, Darwin, Games, Hardware & Drivers, Internet & Web, Java, Mac OS X Server, Networking, Printing, QuickTime, Security Technical Q&As 2008-06-03
Getting Control with Subversion and Xcode (HTML)
Learn how to install and set up Subversion on Mac OS X Server.
Tools Articles 2005-11-08
Getting images in and out from Quartz Composer compositions (HTML)
TN2143: Describes how to efficiently pass images into and out of Quartz Composer
Apple Applications, Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Technical Notes 2005-10-04
Getting List of All Processes on Mac OS X (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1123: Describes how, using Carbon and BSD respectively, to list all applications and processes.
Darwin Technical Q&As 2002-03-05
Getting NSWindow's toolbar actions to show up in Interface Builder (HTML)
QA1030: How to add the missing -toggleToolbarShown: and -runToolbarCustomizationPalette actions to Interface Builder.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2001-05-03
Getting owner and group name references for PackageMaker package contents (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1285: Describes how to get owner and group name references for PackageMaker package contents.
Tools Technical Q&As 2003-08-25
Getting Started with GDB (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2032: Explains common C, C++ and Objective-C debugging tasks using gdb, plus helpful tips and tricks.
Tools Technical Notes 2001-12-07
Getting Started with launchd (HTML)
Learn about launchd and see how to migrate your configuration files.
Darwin, Mac OS X Server Articles 2005-08-22
Getting the name of a profile (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1205: Shows how to programmatically get the name of a ColorSync profile.
Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2002-10-25
Getting the pixel data from a CGImage object (HTML)
QA1509: Describes how to access the pixel data of a CGImage object
Carbon, Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2008-08-27
Getting the User and Computer Name (HTML)
QA1078: Describes how to get the user and computer name on Mac OS X.
Carbon, Core Foundation, Networking Technical Q&As 2001-10-30
Getting Up to Speed with QuickTime VR: Notes from the Field (HTML)
TN1029: Understanding QuickTime VR: available tools and what a multimedia developer may be interested in.
QuickTime Technical Notes 2000-08-14
GLCarbon1ContextPbuffer (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demostrates using OpenGL pixel buffers with a single shared context.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2004-03-26
GLCarbonSharedPbuffer (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demostrates sharing a single OpenGL pixel buffer with multiple other contexts.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2004-03-26
GLChildWindowDemo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows using Cocoa's child windows and Quartz Extreme to provide 2D/3D overlays above 3D content.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-04-21
glFlush() vs. glFinish() (HTML)
QA1158: Explanation of the differences between glFlush() and glFinish()
Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2004-10-11
GLSL Basics Cocoa (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
GLSL fundamentals using NSOpenGLView
Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2008-07-30
GLSL Showpiece Lite (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Using GLSL from a Cocoa application
Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2007-11-05
GLSLShowpiece (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
GLSLShowpiece demonstrates several Vertex and Fragment shaders
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2006-07-17
GLUT (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
The OpenGL Utility Toolkit (GLUT) for Mac OS X version 3.4.0 (supporting the GLUT 3.7 API)
Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2008-02-08
GLUTBasics (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Simple GLUT example which can be used as starter code.
Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2004-03-26
GLUTStereo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to use stereo with GLUT under Mac OS X v10.2.3 or later.
Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-02-20
GLUTSurfaceTexture (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Example of using the new glutSurfaceTexture.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2004-03-26
Glyph Access Protocol (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2079: How to support unencoded glyphs using the TSM, ATSUI and Cocoa.
Carbon, Internationalization Technical Notes 2003-05-06
GlyphaIVOld (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - A basic game implementation in the spirit of Joust meant as demonstation of Sprocket usage.
Carbon, Games Sample Code 2003-10-14
GNU C 4.0 Preprocessor User Guide (HTML)
Describes the Apple version of the GNU C 4.0 Preprocessor.
Carbon, Darwin, Open Source, Tools Reference 2007-10-31
GNU C 4.2 Preprocessor Internals (HTML)
Tools Guides 2008-01-23
GNU C 4.2 Preprocessor User Guide (HTML)
Describes the Apple version of the GNU C 4.2 Preprocessor.
Carbon, Darwin, Open Source, Tools Reference 2008-01-23
GNU C/C++/Objective-C 3.3 Compiler (HTML)
Explains how to use the GNU compilers from the command line.
Carbon, Darwin, Open Source, Tools Reference
GNU C/C++/Objective-C 4.0.1 Compiler User Guide (HTML)
Describes the Apple version of the GNU 4.0.1 compiler.
Carbon, Cocoa, Darwin, Open Source, Tools Reference 2007-10-31
GNU C/C++/Objective-C 4.2.1 Compiler User Guide (HTML)
Describes the Apple version of the GNU 4.2.1 compiler.
Carbon, Darwin, Open Source, Tools Reference 2008-01-23
GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) 4.2 Internals (HTML)
Tools Guides 2008-01-23
GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Internals (HTML)
Tools Guides 2007-12-11
The GNU Compiler Collection on Mac OS X (HTML)
Learn about the open-source tools GCC and GDB, and enhancements specific to Mac OS X.
Tools Articles 2004-07-12
GNU macro processor (HTML)
Documentation on the GNU macro processor.
Tools Reference 2007-10-31
GNU Make (HTML)
Documentation of the GNU make utility.
Tools Reference 2008-06-19
Going Universal: Audio Developers Catch the Wave (HTML)
Learn how audio developers who built universal binaries of their applications are reaping the benefits.
Audio, Carbon, Cocoa, Porting Articles 2006-07-18
Goodbye World (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates display and use of widget preferences to save a widget's state
Apple Applications Sample Code 2007-06-28
GrabBag (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates variety of techniques and features of Carbon. DataBrowser , PBCatalogSearchAsync, Overlay windows, Tab controls, more...
Carbon Sample Code 2003-07-29
Grady (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to use the NSGradient class.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging, User Experience Sample Code 2007-02-28
Graphic Import-Export (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to Draw, Scale, Rotate and Export images using QuickTime Graphics Importers and Exporters.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
graphicimporter.win (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates ways of using QuickTime graphics importers.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
Graphics Exporters - Creating 16-bit-per-channel image files (HTML)
QA1354: Discusses how to use QuickTime Graphics Exporters to create 16-bit-per-channel image files.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging, QuickTime Technical Q&As 2004-06-03
Graphics Importer -8970 errors & TIFF Support (HTML)
QTMCC18: Discusses the -8970 error when using graphics importers with certain TIFF files.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 2000-11-29
Graphics Importers and image files containing multiple layers (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1148: Describes how to get the natural bounds of layers contained in a multi-layered image file.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 2002-06-18
GraphicsImportSetBoundsRect resets your Matrix (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1144: Discusses how calling GraphicsImportSetBoundsRect will reset a graphics importers matrix.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 2002-05-29
grayishTextOr and Mac OS 8.5 (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - QD59: Explains why text drawn using TextMode(grayishTextOr) is never drawn; provides a workaround.
Carbon, Text & Fonts, User Experience Technical Q&As 1998-12-07
The "green" PCI bus (HTML)
HW93: Explains why the PCI bus is considered "green".
Hardware & Drivers Technical Q&As 2000-09-05
GreyscaleEffectSample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to build a custom single source effect component for QuickTime.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-02-25
GridCalendar (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to add a custom job submission UI to the GridSample project.
Cocoa, Enterprise IT, Hardware & Drivers, Mac OS X Server, Networking Sample Code 2005-06-01
GroupDrawing (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - Groups QuickTime drawing-capable objects into the display space of a single QTCanvas.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
Guide to Creating Kiosks on Mac OS X (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2062: Discusses techniques used in creating applications which require kiosk-like functionality on Mac OS X.
Carbon, Cocoa, User Experience Technical Notes 2003-02-24
hacktv (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Illustrates how to use use the Sequence Grabber APIs to capture video and create QuickTime Movies.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
HackTV Carbon (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
HackTV Carbon shows how to use the sequence grabber to preview and record QuickTime movie files.
Carbon, QuickTime Sample Code 2007-11-16
hacktv.win (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Illustrates how to use use the Sequence Grabber APIs to capture video and create QuickTime Movies.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
Handing Off TCP Connections to a Different Port (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
NW25: Explains that a passive TCP connection cannot hand off the connection to a different port address.
Networking Technical Q&As 1996-05-14
Handling Audio Unit Events (HTML)
TN2104: This technote explains how to handle AudioUnit Events
Audio Technical Notes 2005-04-29
Handling Carbon Windows and Controls (HTML) (PDF)
A guidebook for implementing windows and controls in Carbon applications.
Carbon, User Experience Guides 2005-07-07
Handling of Update Events While a Movie Plays (HTML)
Deprecated - QTMTB45: Describes timing issues that can be caused by applications calling WaitNextEvent while playing a QuickTime movie.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 1995-09-15
Handling Unicode Text Editing With MLTE (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Apple's multilingual text engine.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging, Internationalization, Text & Fonts Guides 2008-10-15
HandyScrollingSample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows some ways of implementing scrolling.
Carbon Sample Code 2003-01-30
Hang launching signed Applets from JavaScript (HTML)
QA1395: Making a LiveConnect call to a signed Applet before that Applet has finished loading can cause a hang.
Internet & Web, Java Technical Q&As 2004-12-02
Hardware Developer Note Terms and Abbreviations (HTML)
Lists common terms and abbreviations used in Apple's Hardware Developer Notes.
Hardware & Drivers Guides 2006-08-08
HBA Device Driver Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes how to develop a high-performance, kernel-resident driver for an HBA device.
Darwin, Hardware & Drivers Guides 2006-05-23
The header file 'alut.h' is missing from the OpenAL framework. (HTML)
QA1504: ALUT headers were removed from OpenAL.framework with the Xcode 2.4. This Q&A describes how to regain access to those system-supplied symbols
Audio, Carbon Technical Q&As 2007-02-06
HeaderDoc User Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to extract API reference documentation from commented header files.
Darwin, Open Source, Tools Guides 2008-04-08
Hello Welt (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates localization techniques for Dashboard widgets
Apple Applications, Internationalization Sample Code 2007-06-25
Hello World (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Introductory Dashboard widget example
Apple Applications Sample Code 2005-06-01
HelloStudio (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
This is a Hello, world application built using AppleScript Studio.
Scripting & Automation Sample Code 2006-07-28
Help Book Caching During Software Development (HTML)
QA1409: Development situations that can potentially confuse Help Viewer
Carbon, Cocoa, Tools, User Experience Technical Q&As 2005-03-30
HelpHook (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Simple Help Viewer integration for J2SE applications, using a native Cocoa library.
Java, User Experience Sample Code 2006-04-12
HexEditorView (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
HIView subclass which implements a hex editor similar to those found in resource editors.
Carbon Sample Code 2003-01-30
HFS Plus Volume Format (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN1150: Describes the physical layout of an HFS Plus volume.
Carbon, Cocoa Technical Notes 2004-03-05