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Leopard Reference Library
User experience encompasses the visual appearance, interactive behavior, and assistive capabilities of software. From an application's graphical user interface to its use of additional technologies such as speech recognition and speech synthesis, a cohesive and professional user experience is what Mac users have come to expect.

A guided introduction for developers new to adopting the Mac OS X user experience.   Essential information for developers implementing application user interfaces.   APIs for implementing the look and feel of Mac OS X application software.
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Quick Look Framework Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for creating plug-ins that generate Quick Look previews and thumbnails.
Carbon Reference 2007-04-13
Quick Look Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the purporse and architecture of Quick Look generators and explains how to create them.
Carbon Guides 2008-02-08
Requirements for Quartz GL (HTML)
QA1536: Describes the requirements for enabling Quartz GL.
Carbon Technical Q&As 2008-08-08
Resolution Independence Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Describes resolution independence and how to start updating applications to support high-resolution monitors.
Carbon Guides 2007-05-04
SDKExample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to weak-link against the Carbon framework in various SDKs to adopt new OS features in a single executable.
Carbon Sample Code 2005-06-06
Search Kit Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes Search Kit architecture and workflow, and how to add search capabilities to Carbon and Cocoa applications.
Carbon Guides 2005-12-06
Search Kit Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for supporting user searches of textual content.
Carbon Reference 2009-05-06
SearchKit Release Notes (HTML)
Carbon Release Notes 2005-04-29
SetCustomIcon (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to programmatically set a custom icon for a file, folder, or disk.
Carbon Sample Code 2006-08-01
SetFontInfoForSelection incorrect prototype (HTML)
QA1375: Describes the incorrect prototyping of the SetFontInfoForSelection API and gives a workaround.
Carbon Technical Q&As 2004-10-04
Setting Up Your Carbon Application to Use the Services Menu (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to make a Carbon application share functionality with other applications.
Carbon Guides 2003-12-10
Speech Recognition Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C interface for recognizing and accepting spoken input.
Carbon Reference 2003-02-01
Speech Release Notes (HTML)
New document that describes new features, notes, and known issues for speech synthesis on Mac OS X v10.5.
Carbon Release Notes 2007-10-31
Speech Synthesis Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for converting text into synthesized speech.
Carbon Reference 2009-04-08
StickiesExample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Contains sample code and tools used by Sync Services Tutorial to demonstrate debugging syncing applications.
Carbon Sample Code 2006-08-08
StopAlert and NoteAlert now use the Application icon (HTML)
QA1378: System Alerts now use the Application icon to let the User easily identify the source of the alert.
Carbon Technical Q&As 2005-10-04
TE Over Background (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - A textEdit that shows old text editing over a colored background
Carbon Sample Code 2003-07-22
Unarchiving Interface Objects With Interface Builder Services (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to reconstitute user interface elements in Carbon applications.
Carbon Guides 2004-02-17
Unified window title and toolbar appearance in Carbon (HTML)
QA1423: How to use the unified window title and toolbar appearance for a Carbon window.
Carbon Technical Q&As 2005-06-17
Universal Access: Computers That Everyone Can Use (HTML)
Learn how to make your applications usable by everyone, including those with disabilities.
Carbon Articles 2004-08-02
Upgrading to the Mac OS X HIToolbox (HTML) (PDF)
A porting guide for Carbon developers seeking to adopt Mac OS X HIToolbox features such as nib-based windows and HIViews.
Carbon Guides 2004-06-28
Using qd and QDGlobals (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - QD40: Why a sample program compiled with SC may give the link error: undefined entry qd. Provides a solution.
Carbon Technical Q&As 1996-02-09
Using Temporary Memory with OpenPicture (HTML)
Deprecated - QD20: Provides several techniques of causing OpenPicture to allocate temporary memory for a picture handle.
Carbon Technical Q&As 1996-02-01
Using the Web Kit for Application Registration (HTML)
Learn how to use the Web Kit to handle your application's online registration.
Carbon Articles 2004-03-09
WebKit C Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for displaying web content in windows.
Carbon Reference 2008-10-15
Why isn't my edit text box in my Navigation dialog's custom area working on 10.3? (HTML)
QA1315: Explains a bug in the Mac OS X 10.3 Navigation Services Custom Area involving the EditText and its work around.
Carbon Technical Q&As 2003-10-28
Window Manager and EraseRect (HTML)
Deprecated - QD26: Why WindowManager causes a flicker using EraseRect and provides a solution for this problem.
Carbon Technical Q&As 1995-09-15
Window Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for creating and manipulating Carbon windows.
Carbon Reference 2007-10-31
AbstractTree (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Using NSTreeController with NSOutlineView, Bindings, and Core Data.
Cocoa Sample Code 2008-03-17
Accessibility Programming Guidelines for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how Cocoa applications make their user interface available to external assistive applications.
Cocoa Guides 2007-02-08
Apple Help Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to author, package, and display user help content in Mac OS X.
Cocoa Guides 2007-10-31
Apple Human Interface Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the Mac OS X user experience and explains how to design an application for Aqua.
Cocoa Guides 2008-06-09
Application Kit Framework Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for all things related to an application's user interface.
Cocoa Reference 2008-11-19
Application Menu and Pop-up List Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how Cocoa menus and lists work and how to manipulate items within them.
Cocoa Guides 2007-06-26
BasicCocoaAnimations (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
"BasicCocoaAnimations" demonstrates the use of the animator proxy to easily animate Cocoa views and windows.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-06-11
Boinx Starts with Sample Code: FotoMagico Is a Powerful Digital Slideshow (HTML)
Starting with Apple sample code, tools and technologies, Boinx wrote FotoMagico in a matter of months.
Cocoa Articles 2007-12-11
Boxes (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa boxes.
Cocoa Guides 2003-02-15
Browsers (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa browsers.
Cocoa Guides 2004-08-31
BundleLoader (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to load multiple Cocoa bundles or NSBundles (also known as plug-ins) into the main NSApplication.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-09-21
Button Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa buttons.
Cocoa Guides 2008-10-15
ButtonMadness (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to use the various types of buttons using a nib file or programatically.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-10-30
Combo Box Programming Topics (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa combo boxes.
Cocoa Guides 2002-11-12
Configuring the Recent Searches menu for NSSearchField (HTML)
QA1496: Discusses the common problem when adding menu items to the Recent Searches menu.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2006-11-27
Control and Cell Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains the relationship between Cocoa control and cell objects.
Cocoa Guides 2008-10-15
CoreRecipes (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates the use of Core Data (persistency and object-graph management) with a variety of application projects.
Cocoa Sample Code 2005-06-01
Creating an About Panel in Your Cocoa Application (HTML)
TN2179: Describes different ways in implementing your Cocoa application's "About" panel.
Cocoa Technical Notes 2007-01-22
CustomSave (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to customize the NSSavePanel.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-06-11
DatePicker (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to use the NSDatePicker control.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-04-25
Debugging a WebKit Plug-in in Xcode (HTML)
QA1500: Directions for debugging a WebKit plug-in in Xcode.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2007-06-05
Debugging NSTableView's "Action Invocation" binding (HTML)
QA1472: Discusses the issues and factors that affect NSTableView's "Action Invocation" binding.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2006-11-13
Dialogs and Special Panels (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to create alert panels. Includes links to documents about other types of panels.
Cocoa Guides 2009-02-04
DictionaryController (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
"DictionaryController" is a Cocoa application that demonstrates various ways in how to use the NSDictionaryController class.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-12-20
Disabling and Enabling an NSTextView (HTML)
QA1461: Shows how a Cocoa application can disable and enable an NSTextView.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2006-09-11
Disc Recording UI Framework Reference (HTML)
Describes the Objective-C and C API for presenting a user interface when burning audio and data CDs and DVDs.
Cocoa Reference 2008-04-08
DiscRecording Release Notes (HTML)
Updated for Mac OS X v10.5
Cocoa Release Notes 2007-10-31
Dock Tile Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to provide an icon and contextual menu in Carbon applications.
Cocoa Guides 2009-03-04
DockTile (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to customize your application's icon in the Dock by using the NSDockTile class.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-09-11
Drag and Drop Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to implement drag and drop in Cocoa.
Cocoa Guides 2006-06-28
Drawers (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa drawers.
Cocoa Guides 2003-02-04
Embedding Hyperlinks in NSTextField and NSTextView (HTML)
QA1487: Shows how a Cocoa app can embed a hyperlink inside both NSTextField and NSTextView using NSAttributedString.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2006-10-02
Enabling the application menu's "Preferences" menu item on Mac OS X (HTML)
QA1552: Describes the two things you need to implement to enable the "Preferences" menu item on Mac OS X.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2008-01-21
Find By Content Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Deprecated - Describes the legacy C API for performing relevance-ranked searches. Replaced by Search Kit.
Cocoa Reference 2006-07-13
Finding an NSView's current magnification. (HTML)
QA1346: How to discover the current magnification (zoom level) of any NSView.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2005-03-08
Font Panel (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use the Cocoa Font panel.
Cocoa Guides 2004-08-31
Forms (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa forms.
Cocoa Guides 2002-11-12
Grady (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to use the NSGradient class.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-02-28
Guide to Creating Kiosks on Mac OS X (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2062: Discusses techniques used in creating applications which require kiosk-like functionality on Mac OS X.
Cocoa Technical Notes 2003-02-24
How to get custom views to show up in NSToolbarItems (HTML)
QA1029: Why custom views may not show up in an NSToolBarItem and how to make it visible.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2001-05-03
How to make NSTextField accept tab, return and enter keys. (HTML)
QA1454: Describes how to make the NSTextField control accept tab, return and enter keys by using the control's dispatch delegate method.
Cocoa Technical Q&As 2006-10-09
IconCollection (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to use NSCollectionView along with NSWorkspace and named images to determine its content.
Cocoa Sample Code 2008-01-18
Image Kit with Core Data (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Using Image Kit's browser view with Core Data content.
Cocoa Sample Code 2008-07-25
Image Views (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa image views.
Cocoa Guides 2002-11-12
ImageBackground (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to draw an image in the background of an NSOutlineView and NSTableView.
Cocoa Sample Code 2006-10-02
LayerBackedOpenGLView (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
"LayerBackedOpenGLView" provides a simple example of hosting Cocoa controls as subviews of an NSOpenGLView.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-06-12
Matrix Programming Guide for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa matrices.
Cocoa Guides 2006-11-07
MenuItemView (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates embedding an NSView inside a menu item or NSMenuItem.
Cocoa Sample Code 2007-06-11
MungSaver (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates a simple Screen Saver module for Panther, using the Sequence Grabber DataProc mung technique.
Cocoa Sample Code 2003-11-18
MyCustomColorPicker (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to write a custom color picker using Cocoa.
Cocoa Sample Code 2006-10-09
NSActionCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for the active area in a control.
Cocoa Reference 2007-02-28
NSAlert Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a window that displays a message and obtains the user's response to it.
Cocoa Reference 2007-04-25
NSBox Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a view that can display its border and a title.
Cocoa Reference 2008-10-15
NSBrowser Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a control for manipulating one- or two-dimensional data sets.
Cocoa Reference 2007-04-05
NSBrowserCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a cell that displays data in a browser.
Cocoa Reference 2007-04-01
NSButton Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a control that responds to clicks.
Cocoa Reference 2007-04-01
NSButtonCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a cell that responds to mouse clicks.
Cocoa Reference 2009-04-08
NSCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for cell objects.
Cocoa Reference 2009-02-04
NSColorPicker Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for custom views in a color panel used for color selection.
Cocoa Reference 2007-02-28
NSColorPickingCustom Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for receiving custom color-picker user-interface requests.
Cocoa Reference 2007-04-01
NSColorPickingDefault Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for receiving basic color-picker user-interface requests.
Cocoa Reference 2007-04-27
NSColorWell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a control for displaying and selecting colors.
Cocoa Reference 2007-02-28
NSComboBox Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a control for entering text or selecting from a pop-up list of items.
Cocoa Reference 2006-05-23
NSComboBoxCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the text field that provides the user interface for NSComboBox objects.
Cocoa Reference 2006-05-23
NSComboBoxCellDataSource Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for receiving data requests from an NSComboBoxCell object.
Cocoa Reference 2006-05-23
NSComboBoxDataSource Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for receiving data requests from an NSComboBox object.
Cocoa Reference 2006-05-23
NSControl Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for views that respond to user actions by sending action messages.
Cocoa Reference 2008-10-15
NSCursor Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the appearance of the user interface cursor.
Cocoa Reference 2009-01-06
NSDateFormatter Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a date formatter.
Cocoa Reference 2008-11-19
NSDatePicker Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a control for displaying and editing a date.
Cocoa Reference 2008-06-09
NSDatePickerCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a cell for displaying and editing a date.
Cocoa Reference 2008-06-09
NSDrawer Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a retractable user interface element that displays view objects.
Cocoa Reference 2006-05-23