Jump To:
Leopard Reference Library
Carbon is a set of C APIs offering developers an advanced user interface tool kit, event handling, the Quartz 2D graphics library, and multiprocessing support. Developers have access to other C and C++ APIs, including the OpenGL drawing system and the Mach microkernel.

A guided introduction and learning path for developers new to Carbon.   Essential information for developers using procedural C.   C API references organized by framework.
Document Descriptions
On Off
Display

Sorted by
Title
Sort by
Topic
Sort by
Resource Type
Sort by
Date
The "/.vol" directory and "volfs" (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1113: Describes how the Carbon File Manager interacts with BSD via "volfs" and the "/.vol" directory.
File Management Technical Q&As 2002-02-14
2D Graphics Release Notes for Mac OS X v10.5 (HTML)
Describes the changes and issues related to Core Image and Quartz 2D in Mac OS X v10.5.
Graphics & Imaging Release Notes 2008-04-08
64-Bit Guide for Carbon Developers (HTML) (PDF)
Explains the changes necessary to create a 64-bit executable version of a Carbon application.
Design Guidelines, Performance, Porting Guides 2007-12-11
68K Open Transport Code on Power Macintoshes (HTML)
Deprecated - NW48: Explains why running Open Transport 68K code on a PowerPC may not always work.
Networking Technical Q&As 1997-03-14
ABAddressBook C Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type for accessing, adding, and removing Address Book records.
Apple Applications Reference 2007-07-08
ABGroup Reference for C (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type used to group Address Book records.
Apple Applications Reference 2003-08-20
ABMultiValue Reference for C (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type for accessing Address Book properties with multiple values.
Apple Applications Reference 2003-08-20
Aborting a OTConnect in Progress (HTML)
Deprecated - NW29: Describes the proper way to abort OTConnect, and why after calling OTSndDisconnect you may receive "kOTOutStateErr".
Networking Technical Q&As 1996-05-14
ABPerson C Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type that encapsulates information about a person in Address Book.
Apple Applications Reference 2006-07-26
ABPicker Reference for C (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the ABPicker opaque type.
Apple Applications Reference 2007-07-20
ABPresence (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Displays a list of all the people in your Address Book and their iChat status.
Apple Applications, Interapplication Communication Sample Code 2006-08-04
ABRecord C Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the opaque type that represents a generic Address Book record.
Apple Applications Reference 2005-04-29
Accessibility Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use the accessibility features built into Mac OS X.
Accessibility Guides 2008-03-11
Accessibility Programming Guidelines for Carbon (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to access-enable Carbon applications.
Accessibility, Design Guidelines, User Experience Guides 2007-02-08
Accessing File Control Blocks (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
FL10: Shows how to access file control blocks correctly, reiterating not to access FCBs directly.
File Management Technical Q&As 1999-10-05
Accessing HTTPS Proxy Settings (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1234: Describes how to programatically access Secure Web Proxy information.
Networking Technical Q&As 2003-02-19
Adding a movie reference to a movie (HTML)
QA1376: Demonstrates how to add a reference for a movie to another movie
QuickTime Technical Q&As 2004-09-16
Adding an automated Window menu to your application (HTML)
QA1080: Explains how to add an automated Window menu to your Carbon application.
Design Guidelines, Human Interface Toolbox Technical Q&As 2001-10-30
AddNibToNav (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to create a custom area, instantiated from a nib file, in a Navigation Services dialog.
File Management, Human Interface Toolbox Sample Code 2004-01-22
Address Book Actions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Address Book action callbacks.
Apple Applications Reference 2007-07-08
Address Book C Framework Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for supporting and working with Address Book.
Apple Applications Reference 2006-05-23
Address Book Programming Guide for Mac OS X (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to add, search, remove, and customize Address Book records.
Apple Applications Guides 2006-04-04
Address Book Utilities Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C functions that support the Carbon API for Address Book.
Apple Applications Reference 2007-07-08
AddressBookCarbon (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates some basic manipulations of the Mac OS X 10.2.x (and beyond) Address Book API.
Interapplication Communication Sample Code 2003-01-14
AddressBookCocoa (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates some basic manipulations of the Mac OS X 10.2.x (and beyond) Address Book API.
Interapplication Communication Sample Code 2003-01-14
Adopting Universal Binaries on Mac OS X (HTML)
Learn about universal binaries and how to get your applications ready for Intel-based Macs.
Intel-Based Macs, Porting Articles 2005-08-26
Advertising a Bonjour service on a specific set of networking interfaces. (HTML)
QA1513: Explains how to register a Bonjour service only on a specific set of networking interfaces.
Networking Technical Q&As 2007-02-12
AEBuild*, AEPrint* and Friends (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2045: Describes the AEBuild* and AEPrint* family of routines.
Interapplication Communication, Process Management Technical Notes 2002-03-21
AESendThreadSafe (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to send Apple events from threads other than the main thread.
Interapplication Communication Sample Code 2007-03-09
AEStream and Friends (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2046: Describes the AEStream family of routines.
Interapplication Communication, Process Management Technical Notes 2002-03-29
AGL Changes for Mac OS X Leopard (v. 10.5) (HTML)
QA1523: This Q&A describes the new and deprecated APIs for Apple OpenGL (AGL)
Games, Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2008-01-04
AGL Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Apple graphics library for Carbon applications that use OpenGL.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2007-10-31
aglClipBufferRect (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows the use of clip regions and buffer rects in AGL.
Games, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-01-14
AGLSurfaceTexture (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Example of render to texture/texture from surface using aglSurfaceTexture.
Games, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-07-07
AlbumToSlideshow (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates using CF and NSXML to create Final Cut Pro XML.
Core Foundation Sample Code 2008-05-15
Alias Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for creating and managing persistent references to file system objects.
File Management Reference 2006-12-05
Allocate and Disk Full Error (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
FL12: Discusses a problem with AFP volumes displaying incorrect free space, and returning disk full errors.
File Management, Networking Technical Q&As 1999-07-21
AltiVec/SSE Migration Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to convert PowerPC AltiVec code to Intel SSE code.
Intel-Based Macs Guides 2005-09-08
Animation Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the animation facilities provided by Mac OS X.
Games, Graphics & Imaging Guides 2008-10-15
Appearance Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for coordinating the look of the standard Mac OS human interface.
Human Interface Toolbox, User Experience Reference 2007-01-23
Apple Event Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for interapplication communication using Apple events.
Events & Other Input, Interapplication Communication, Scripting & Automation Reference 2007-07-13
Apple Events Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Provides conceptual information and programming examples for working with Apple events.
Events & Other Input, Scripting & Automation Guides 2007-10-31
Apple Game Sprockets Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Deprecated - Describes the programming interface defined by Game Sprockets. Replaced by Quartz Display Services.
Games, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-07-13
Apple Help Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to author, package, and display user help content in Mac OS X.
Apple Applications, User Experience Guides 2007-10-31
Apple Help Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for finding and displaying help content using Apple's HTML-based help system.
User Experience Reference 2006-07-12
Apple Human Interface Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the Mac OS X user experience and explains how to design an application for Aqua.
Design Guidelines, User Experience Guides 2008-06-09
Apple Type Services for Fonts Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to access fonts using the ATS-based font management API. Includes implementing the Fonts window.
Text & Fonts Guides 2007-12-11
Apple Type Services for Fonts Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for ATS-based font access and management.
Text & Fonts Reference 2007-12-11
AppleScript Language Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Defines the AppleScript scripting language. Includes many brief sample scripts.
Interapplication Communication, Scripting & Automation Guides 2008-03-11
AppleScript Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the technology for writing scripts to control applications. Useful for scripters and application developers.
Interapplication Communication, Scripting & Automation Guides 2007-10-31
AppleScript Studio Release Notes (HTML)
Describes late-breaking news and highlights of new or changed features in the latest release of AppleScript Studio.
Tools Release Notes 2007-10-31
AppleScript Studio Terminology Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the scripting terminology for AppleScript Studio, through version 1.4.
Scripting & Automation, Tools Reference 2007-10-31
AppleScript Terminology and Apple Event Codes Reference (HTML)
Lists terms used in AppleScript, AppleScript Studio, and Standard Additions with their matching codes.
Interapplication Communication, Scripting & Automation Release Notes 2006-06-28
AppleScriptRunner (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
How to send mail and execute other AppleScripts from a Carbon application.
User Experience Sample Code 2006-07-31
Application Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for performing various application-level tasks in a Carbon application. Formerly titled Dock Manager Reference.
Human Interface Toolbox, User Experience Reference 2007-10-31
Application Services Framework Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the API for a number of services--such as Quartz 2D and ATSUI--that are essential to Carbon applications.
General Reference 2007-10-31
Application Services Reference Update (HTML) (PDF)
Summarizes the symbols added to the Application Services framework.
File Management, Graphics & Imaging Release Notes 2007-07-18
Are the root control, the root view, and the content view the same entity? (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1214: Details the differences and similitudes between the root control, the root view, and the content view of windows.
Human Interface Toolbox Technical Q&As 2002-11-12
Are there any OSStatus values I can use in my programs? (HTML)
OV02: Describes OSStatus values that generate errors without colliding with reserved Apple system values.
Design Guidelines Technical Q&As 1999-11-22
AsyncPB (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - Describes how to chain File System calls from an interrupt handler like a Time Manager task.
File Management Sample Code 2003-10-27
ATSUI Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to lay out, process, and draw Unicode text.
Internationalization, Text & Fonts Guides 2007-07-10
ATSUI Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for rendering Unicode-encoded text with advanced typographic features.
Graphics & Imaging, Internationalization, Text & Fonts Reference 2007-06-28
ATSUICurveAccessDemo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates low-level ATSUI APIs which allow access to raw glyph curve data.
Internationalization, Text & Fonts Sample Code 2003-01-14
ATSUIDirectAccessDemo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates some basic manipulations of the ATSUI DirectAccess api.
Text & Fonts Sample Code 2003-01-14
Attributed Strings Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use attributed strings, which manage attributes of character strings or individual characters.
Data Management, Text & Fonts Guides 2007-06-04
Audio Codec Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the programming interface for configuring audio codecs and for encoding and decoding audio data.
Audio Reference 2007-10-31
Audio File Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a C programming interface for reading and writing audio files.
Audio, File Management Reference 2008-07-08
Audio Queue Services Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes how to play and record audio using Audio Queue Services.
Audio Guides 2007-10-31
Audio Queue Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a high-level programming interface for recording and playing back audio data.
Audio Reference 2008-07-08
Audio Unit Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Core Audio frameworks and the Core Audio SDK to create audio units.
Audio Guides 2007-10-31
audioburntest (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Uses the DRTrackCallbackProc and track properties to create a RedBook audio CD from AIFF files.
File Management Sample Code 2003-01-14
AudioDeviceNotify (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to enumerate audio devices attached to the system and how to handle device notifications
Audio Sample Code 2006-04-21
AudioQueueTest (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates AudioQueue, an audio playback API introduced in Mac OS X 10.5
Audio Sample Code 2006-08-01
Authorization for Everyone (HTML)
TN2095: Describes applications of Authorization Services beyond simple privilege requesting.
Security Technical Notes 2008-01-30
Authorization Plug-in Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for implementing an authorization plug-in.
Security Reference 2007-05-15
Authorization Services C Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for adding fine-grained control of privileged operations in an application.
Security Reference 2005-11-08
Authorization Services Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to add fine-grained control of privileged operations in an application.
Security Guides 2009-01-06
Availability of Quartz Composer Patches in Web Kit (HTML)
QA1505: Details which Quartz Composer patches are available in Web Kit
Internet & Web Technical Q&As 2007-03-05
Avoiding Kernel Event Conflicts (HTML)
QA1063: Documents the namespace for the vendor_code field of the kern_event_msg structure.
Process Management Technical Q&As 2001-09-14
Avoiding Pauses When Looping Audio files with QuickTime (HTML)
QA1371: Demonstrates how to avoid pauses when looping audio files with QuickTime
Audio Technical Q&As 2004-09-08
Avoiding the -42 error with DiscRecording (HTML)
QA1292: Explains how to workaround the -42 error when using the DiscRecording API.
File Management Technical Q&As 2004-05-25
BackgroundExporter (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates techniques which can be used to export QuickTime movies in a separate export process.
QuickTime Sample Code 2005-07-22
Base-Derived async image codecs must implement ImageCodecQueueStarting and ImageCodecQueueStopping (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1157: Describes why base-derived codecs that set canAsync must implement ImageCodecQueueStarting and ImageCodecQueueStopping.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 2002-07-09
BasicDataBrowser (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to create a basic, functional data browser.
Human Interface Toolbox, User Experience Sample Code 2003-05-08
BasicInputMethod (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
An input method implemented as a text service component for Mac OS X.
Interapplication Communication, Text & Fonts Sample Code 2003-01-14
BasicPlugIn (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Uses the CFPlugin to locate, load, execute plugin. Derived from the SillyBalls sample.
Core Foundation, Runtime Architecture Sample Code 2003-07-28
The Benefits of HIToolbox: the Evolving Widget Set (HTML)
Learn how to get started working with HIView control types.
Human Interface Toolbox Articles 2004-06-14
Binary Data Programming Guide for Core Foundation (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to create and use Core Foundation data objects, object-oriented wrappers for byte buffers.
Core Foundation, Data Management Guides 2006-01-10
Bonjour and wake from sleep (HTML)
QA1290: Explains why applications that use Bonjour should stay registered and continue browsing on sleep.
Networking Technical Q&As 2003-09-18
Bonjour enforces the service type format in Panther (HTML)
QA1198: Explains why registering a Bonjour service might fail on Panther.
Networking Technical Q&As 2004-03-23
Bonjour enforces the TXT record format in Panther (HTML)
QA1306: Explains how mDNSResponder enforces the proper TXT record format in Panther.
Networking Technical Q&As 2004-07-14
Bonjour Printer Subtype for HTTP (HTML)
QA1555: Describes how printer vendors can register their bonjour service such that Safari can see them.
Networking Technical Q&As 2008-03-25
Bonjour TXT record rate limiting in Panther (HTML)
QA1293: Explains how mDNSResponder implements TXT record rate limiting in Panther.
Networking Technical Q&As 2003-10-23
BowelsOfTheMemoryManager (aka YourHeapIsProbablyCorrupt) (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - ME05: What the symbol BowelsoftheMemoryManager means and the most probable cause of this symbol in MacsBug.
Data Management Technical Q&As 2001-02-01
BrideOfMungGrab (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates the use of overlay windows and CG to draw text on captured video.
QuickTime Sample Code 2005-08-12
Browser Plugins in Mac OS X (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2020: Describes the format of web browser plugins for Mac OS X.
Process Management, Runtime Architecture Technical Notes 2001-05-31
BSDLLCTest (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Program sample demonstrates how to send and receive raw LLC Ethernet packets.
Apple Applications, Events & Other Input, Networking, Performance, Security Sample Code 2003-06-12
Building Universal QuickTime Components for Mac OS X (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2012: Discusses the changes necessary to build Universal Mach-O QuickTime Components for Mac OS X.
QuickTime Technical Notes 2005-07-21
bulkerase (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to erase media using the DiscRecording framework.
File Management Sample Code 2003-01-14
Bundle Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Core Foundation bundle objects to organize resources.
Core Foundation, Resource Management Guides 2005-11-09