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Leopard Reference Library
Cocoa is an object-oriented application environment designed for developing Mac OS X native applications. The Cocoa frameworks support rapid development and high productivity. Cocoa provides developers starting new Mac OS X projects the fastest way to full-featured implementations. Applications from other platforms can also be brought to Mac OS X quickly using Cocoa.

A guided introduction and learning path for developers new to Cocoa.   Essential information for developers using Objective-C.   Objective-C API references organized by framework.
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NSPersistentDocument Core Data Tutorial (HTML) (PDF)
Step-by-step instructions for building a simple but functionally rich application using NSPersistentDocument and Cocoa bindings.
Data Management, Design Guidelines Guides 2009-02-04
NSPersistentDocument Core Data Tutorial for Mac OS X v10.4. (HTML) (PDF)
Deprecated - Step-by-step instructions for building a simple but functionally rich application using NSPersistentDocument and Cocoa bindings.
Data Management, Design Guidelines Guides 2009-02-04
NSSavePanel Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the panel that a user employs to set a file-system location and save a file.
Events & Other Input, File Management, User Experience Reference 2009-02-04
NSShadow Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a drop shadow for a drawing operation.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-02-04
NSString Application Kit Additions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes additions for drawing strings.
Data Management, Text & Fonts Reference 2009-02-04
NSString Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an immutable character string.
Data Management Reference 2009-02-04
NSURL Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a string that uniquely identifies a resource.
Internet & Web, Networking Reference 2009-02-04
NSURLHandle Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a deprecated technology replaced by the NSURLDownload class.
Internet & Web, Networking Reference 2009-02-04
NSView Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for drawing, event handling, and printing in views.
Events & Other Input, Graphics & Imaging, Printing Reference 2009-02-04
Objective-C 2.0 Runtime Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Objective-C 2.0 runtime support library.
Objective-C Language, Runtime Architecture Guides 2009-02-04
Toolbar Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa toolbars.
User Experience Guides 2009-02-04
Tree-Based XML Programming Guide for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use the NSXML classes of Cocoa to process, modify, and query XML data.
Data Management, Internet & Web Guides 2009-02-04
Universal Binary Programming Guidelines, Second Edition (HTML) (PDF)
Conceptual information and tips for writing code that runs on PowerPC-based and Intel-based Macintosh computers.
Intel-Based Macs, Porting Guides 2009-02-04
WebBackForwardList Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class for tracking a list of visited pages with relation to the most recent page.
User Experience Reference 2009-02-04
Window Programming Guide for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa windows and panels.
User Experience Guides 2009-02-04
Xcode Design Tools for Class Modeling (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Xcode Design Tools for Class Modeling.
Design Guidelines, Tools Guides 2009-02-04
QuickTime Audio - Easy Frequency Level Metering with MovieAudio APIs (HTML)
QA1459: Describes how to perform frequency band level metering using MovieAudio metering APIs.
QuickTime Technical Q&As 2009-01-29
DOMHTMLDocument Additions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the API added to the DOMHTMLDocument class to facilitate communication between WebKit and the DOM API.
User Experience Reference 2009-01-26
Document-Based Applications Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to design and implement Cocoa applications that manage multiple documents.
Design Guidelines Guides 2009-01-12
QTMovie Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a QuickTime movie and movie controller.
QuickTime Reference 2009-01-07
Authorization Services Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to add fine-grained control of privileged operations in an application.
Security Guides 2009-01-06
Cocoa Drawing Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa to draw your application's user interface.
Graphics & Imaging Guides 2009-01-06
Foundation Release Notes (10.4 and earlier) (HTML)
Release notes for older versions of Mac OS X.
General Release Notes 2009-01-06
IBDocument Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an Interface Builder document, which visually represents a nib file.
Tools Reference 2009-01-06
Internationalization Programming Topics (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to support multiple languages in software.
Internationalization Guides 2009-01-06
NSBitmapImageRep Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an object that draws an image from bitmap data.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-01-06
NSColor Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a representation of color and opacity.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-01-06
NSCursor Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the appearance of the user interface cursor.
User Experience Reference 2009-01-06
NSDocument Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for managing content using Cocoa's document system.
Design Guidelines Reference 2009-01-06
NSGlyphStorage Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface between a glyph generator and glyph storage.
Text & Fonts Reference 2009-01-06
NSGradient Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a color gradient to use when drawing.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-01-06
NSImage Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a graphical image that includes facilities for drawing and compositing.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-01-06
NSImageCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an object that displays an image in a frame, usually in a control.
User Experience Reference 2009-01-06
NSImageRep Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for managing and drawing image data.
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-01-06
NSOutputStream Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a write-only data stream.
Data Management, File Management, Networking Reference 2009-01-06
NSPanel Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a window for performing auxiliary functions in an application.
Events & Other Input, Graphics & Imaging, User Experience Reference 2009-01-06
NSPrintInfo Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the print settings used for a print job.
Printing Reference 2009-01-06
NSScreen Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a representation of a screen (computer monitor).
Graphics & Imaging Reference 2009-01-06
NSSpeechSynthesizer Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Cocoa parser that converts text to speech.
Accessibility, Text & Fonts, User Experience Reference 2009-01-06
NSTextField Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a control that displays editable text.
User Experience Reference 2009-01-06
NSTextFieldCell Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the user interface of a text field.
User Experience Reference 2009-01-06
Objective-C 1 Runtime Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Deprecated - Describes the data structures and functions of the Objective-C 1.0 runtime support library.
Objective-C Language Reference 2009-01-06
Resource Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to work with nib and bundle resources in Mac OS X applications.
Resource Management Guides 2009-01-06
SFAuthorization Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to restrict a user's access to particular features in a Mac OS X application or daemon.
Security Reference 2009-01-06
Web Services Core Framework Reference (HTML)
Describes the client-side APIs for accessing web services.
Internet & Web Reference 2009-01-06
Web Services Core Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use the new Web Services client-side frameworks available in Mac OS X.
Internet & Web, Networking Guides 2009-01-06
Xcode Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Xcode IDE and its major components, and provides and overview of the development process.
Tools Guides 2009-01-06
Xcode Project Management Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Provides practical descriptions of the major development tasks developers perform with Xcode.
Tools Guides 2009-01-06
Xcode Workspace Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Provides an overview of the Xcode workspace, and shows how to use its components and features.
Tools Guides 2009-01-06
NSAutoreleasePool Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface to the deferred-release mechanism in Cocoa's reference-counted memory management system.
Objective-C Language, Performance Reference 2009-01-02
NSObject Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface used to define basic object behavior.
Design Guidelines, Objective-C Language Reference 2008-12-22
NSLayoutManager Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an object for controlling text layout.
Text & Fonts Reference 2008-12-20
Core Animation properties and Reference Counting (HTML)
QA1565: Describes a discrepancy between the property declarations in Core Animation and the actual behavior.
Games, Graphics & Imaging, Objective-C Language, Resource Management Technical Q&As 2008-11-24
Application Kit Framework Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for all things related to an application's user interface.
General, Objective-C Language, User Experience Reference 2008-11-19
Application Kit Functions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the functions that support the Application Kit framework.
Objective-C Language Reference 2008-11-19
Certificate, Key, and Trust Services Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Shows how to evaluate trust for a certificate and recover from a trust failure.
Security Guides 2008-11-19
Certificate, Key, and Trust Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes services to read and evaluate certificates and to use cryptographic keys.
Security Reference 2008-11-19
Cocoa Fundamentals Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the basic concepts, terminology, architectures, and design patterns of the Cocoa frameworks and development environment.
Design Guidelines Guides 2008-11-19
Code Signing Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how you can sign your code and why you should.
Security Guides 2008-11-19
Garbage Collection Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the garbage collection system for Cocoa.
Design Guidelines, Objective-C Language, Performance, Runtime Architecture Guides 2008-11-19
Interface Builder User Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Conceptual information and tasks explaining how to use the Interface Builder application to design user interfaces.
Tools Guides 2008-11-19
ISyncSession Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
An ISyncSession object is used to manage a single sync operation.
Syncing Reference 2008-11-19
Keychain Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Keychain Services API, used to create, find, modify, and delete keychain items.
Security Reference 2008-11-19
NSDateFormatter Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a date formatter.
Data Management, Internationalization, User Experience Reference 2008-11-19
NSNumberFormatter Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a number formatter.
Data Management, User Experience Reference 2008-11-19
NSOperation Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an encapsulated, single-shot task.
Process Management Reference 2008-11-19
NSOperationQueue Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an object that manages a set of prioritized operations.
Process Management Reference 2008-11-19
NSTimer Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a timer.
Events & Other Input Reference 2008-11-19
Object-Oriented Programming with Objective-C (HTML) (PDF)
Describes object-oriented programming from the perspective of an Objective-C developer.
Design Guidelines, Objective-C Language Guides 2008-11-19
Objective-C 2.0 Runtime Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the data structures and functions of the Objective-C runtime support library.
Objective-C Language Reference 2008-11-19
Property List Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use structured, textual representations of data in Cocoa.
Data Management Guides 2008-11-19
Timer Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use timers for scheduling automatic, repeating message invocations in Cocoa.
Events & Other Input Guides 2008-11-19
WebKit Reference Update (HTML) (PDF)
Summarizes the symbols added to the WebKit framework.
Internet & Web Release Notes 2008-11-19
NSMutableArray Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a mutable ordered collection.
Data Management Reference 2008-11-17
Core Animation Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the main components and services of Core Animation.
Graphics & Imaging Guides 2008-11-13
NSHTTPCookie Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an opaque set of data that represents state or configuration.
Internet & Web, Networking Reference 2008-11-13
Animating the frame of a CALayer. (HTML)
QA1620: Explains how the frame property of a layer interacts with animations.
Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2008-10-24
Animation Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the animation facilities provided by Mac OS X.
Games, Graphics & Imaging Guides 2008-10-15
Button Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa buttons.
User Experience Guides 2008-10-15
Control and Cell Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains the relationship between Cocoa control and cell objects.
User Experience Guides 2008-10-15
Data Formatting Programming Guide for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Cocoa formatters to create and validate text in text fields and other cells.
Data Management Guides 2008-10-15
DOMDocument Additions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the API added to the DOMDocument class to facilitate communication between WebKit and the DOM API.
User Experience Reference 2008-10-15
DOMElement Additions Reference (HTML)
Describes the API added to the DOMElement class to facilitate communication between WebKit and the DOM API.
User Experience Reference 2008-10-15
DOMRange Additions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the API added to the DOMRange class to facilitate communication between WebKit and the DOM API.
User Experience Reference 2008-10-15
Foundation Functions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes Foundation framework functions.
Data Management Reference 2008-10-15
IMService Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the IMService objects that each represent one service available through iChat.
Apple Applications Reference 2008-10-15
Mac OS X Technology Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces Mac OS X and its technologies.
Accessibility Guides 2008-10-15
NSAtomicStore Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a Core Data atomic persistent store.
Data Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSAttributedString Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a character string with attributes.
Data Management, Text & Fonts Reference 2008-10-15
NSBox Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a view that can display its border and a title.
Graphics & Imaging, Printing, User Experience Reference 2008-10-15
NSCharacterSet Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a set of Unicode characters used in scanning and searching operations.
Data Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSControl Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for views that respond to user actions by sending action messages.
User Experience Reference 2008-10-15
NSDate Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a single point in time.
Data Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSDateComponents Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the components of a date.
Data Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSDirectoryEnumerator Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the facility for enumerating the contents of a directory.
File Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSDocumentController Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an object for managing documents.
Design Guidelines Reference 2008-10-15
NSExpression Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a predicate expression.
Data Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSFileHandle Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an object for accessing files or communication channels.
File Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSFileManager Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes an object that performs file-system operations.
File Management, Resource Management Reference 2008-10-15
NSFileWrapper Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a representation of a file-system node.
Data Management, File Management, Resource Management Reference 2008-10-15