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The Reference Library is a comprehensive collection of Apple technical resources, including Articles, Guides, Reference, Release Notes, Sample Code, Technical Notes, and Technical Q&As. Each of the links below leads to the resources for a specific topic.

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Symbol Variants Release Notes (HTML)
Describes symbol variants, a way of providing multiple versions of symbols for backwards compatibility.
Mac OS X Server Release Notes 2007-10-16
System Startup Programming Topics (HTML) (PDF)
Explains the boot process used to initialize the Mac OS X operating system.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2008-11-19
Transforming a Shell Script into an Automator Action (HTML)
Custom shell script actions let you quickly turn shell, Perl, or Python scripts into Automator actions.
Mac OS X Server Articles 2007-06-01
Uniquely Identifying a Macintosh Computer (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN1103: How to identify a specific Macintosh computer.
Mac OS X Server Technical Notes 2006-04-25
Using Open Source Tools to Filter Email on Mac OS X Server (HTML)
Learn how to identify, filter, and remove viruses from the Postfix mail server.
Mac OS X Server Articles 2004-09-27
Using Xserve for a Small Business LAN (HTML)
Learn how to host your business LAN on Xserve.
Mac OS X Server Articles 2003-09-30
VolumeToBSDNode (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to iterate across all mounted volumes and retrieve their BSD node names.
Mac OS X Server Sample Code 2006-10-16
WebObjects 5.4 Reference (HTML)
Describes the WebObjects 5.4 classes in Javadoc format.
Mac OS X Server Reference 2007-10-31
WebObjects 5.4 Release Notes (HTML) (PDF)
Information about known issues and workarounds for WebObjects Release 5.4.
Mac OS X Server Release Notes 2007-12-11
WebObjects 5.4.1 Reference (HTML)
Describes the WebObjects 5.4.1 classes in Javadoc format.
Mac OS X Server Reference 2008-03-11
WebObjects 5.4.2 Reference (HTML)
Describes the WebObjects 5.4.2 Java classes.
Mac OS X Server Reference 2008-10-15
WebObjects Application Properties Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the command-line properties that can be passed to WebObjects application and tools when they start.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-07-11
WebObjects Deployment Guide Using JavaMonitor (HTML) (PDF)
Tools and techniques for deploying WebObjects applications. Includes application administration and performance-improving practices.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-10-31
WebObjects Direct to Web Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the Java-based technology for creating web applications that access a database. Includes examples of customizing applications.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-07-11
WebObjects Dynamic Elements Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the WebObjects dynamic elements.
Mac OS X Server Reference 2006-01-10
WebObjects Enterprise Objects Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
An overview of the technology that combines object-oriented programming with database application development. Includes examples and solutions.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-07-11
WebObjects Extensions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the WebObjects extensions, a special set of dynamic elements.
Mac OS X Server Reference 2004-12-02
WebObjects File Format Reference (HTML) (PDF)
New document that describes the bundle format of WebObjects documents such as the EOModel and WOComponent bundles.
Mac OS X Server Reference 2008-11-19
WebObjects J2EE Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to develop J2EE components using WebObjects and deploy WebObjects applications inside servlet containers.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-08-11
WebObjects Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the architecture, technologies, development tools, and development approaches of WebObjects.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-07-11
WebObjects Tutorial (HTML) (PDF)
Steps for building a simple WebObjects application using Eclipse and the WOLips plug-in.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2009-02-04
WebObjects Web Applications Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to develop web applications using WebObjects, including application design, state management, and database architecture.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-07-11
WebObjects Web Services Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to develop and utilize web services in WebObjects.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-07-11
WebObjects XML Serialization Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to serialize objects and data into XML documents.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-08-11
What are snag keys in Open Firmware? (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
HW35: Explains Open Firmware snag keys, including examples of their function.
Mac OS X Server Technical Q&As 1999-02-15
Why is my Ruby on Rails application with FastCGI generating "'load error /etc/irbrc" errors? (HTML)
QA1494: Describes how to resolve an error encountered hosting Ruby on Rails applications on Mac OS X 10.5.
Mac OS X Server Technical Q&As 2007-11-28
WikiSampleThemeWithCSS (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to change the appearance of a wiki theme using CSS properties.
Mac OS X Server Sample Code 2008-06-02
WikiSampleThemeWithJavaScript (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to add a JavaScript functionality to a wiki theme.
Mac OS X Server Sample Code 2008-06-02
Writing Open Directory Plug-ins (HTML)
Learn how to write Open Directory plug-ins to help your application locate and manage network information.
Mac OS X Server Articles 2004-09-13
X11CallCarbonAndCocoa (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates a double clickable X11 application which performs various "native" Mac OS X operations.
Mac OS X Server Sample Code 2003-07-28
Xgrid Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to create client applications that use Xgrid, Apple's parallel multiprocessing technology.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-10-31
Xgrid: High Performance Computing for the Rest of Us (HTML)
Learn how mathematicians and scientists are making the most of Xgrid's power and easy setup.
Mac OS X Server Articles 2004-03-29
XML_Transport (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Object serialization and archiving using WOXMLCoder and WOXMLDecoder classes and a mapping file.
Mac OS X Server Sample Code 2003-01-14
Xsan 2 Administrator's Guide (PDF)
Explains how to set up and manage Xsan volumes in a storage area network.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2008-06-09
Xsan 2 Setup Guide (PDF)
Explains how to set up a volume on a storage area network (SAN) using Xsan 2.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2008-06-09
Xsan Migration Guide for Xsan 2 (PDF)
Explains how to retain volumes and settings when migrating to Xsan 2 from previous versions of Xsan.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2008-07-11
Xsan Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes managing files and storage pools with Xsan.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2006-05-23
Xsan Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Xsan API commands.
Mac OS X Server Reference 2006-05-23
Xsan Tuning Guide (PDF)
Explains how to configure Xsan storage to maximize application performance.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-10-04
Xserve G5 PCI Hardware RAID Card (PDF)
Explains how to install the card in an Xserve G5 and how to set up a RAID volume.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-01-03
Xserve G5 Quick Start (PDF)
Explains where to find information for installing, setting up, using, and monitoring Xserve G5 systems.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-01-03
Xserve G5 Using the Hardware RAID PCI Card (PDF)
Explains how to use the software provided with the Hardware RAID PCI Card to configure and manage RAID operations.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-01-03
Xserve G5 Using Xserve Remote Diagnostics (PDF)
Explains how to use the Xserve Remote Diagnostics tool to test server hardware.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-01-03
Xserve RAID User's Guide (PDF)
Explains how to install the Xserve RAID system, connect it to a host system, and configure RAID storage.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2005-01-03
Xserve RAID Using RAID Admin 1.2 and Disk Utility (PDF)
Explains how to use RAID Admin, Fibre Channel Utility, and Disk Utility to configure and monitor Xserve RAID systems.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2008-06-09
Xserve User's Guide (PDF)
Explains how to install, operate, and update Xserve systems. Includes expansion and hardware specifications.
Mac OS X Server Guides 2008-06-09
68K Open Transport Code on Power Macintoshes (HTML)
Deprecated - NW48: Explains why running Open Transport 68K code on a PowerPC may not always work.
Networking Technical Q&As 1997-03-14
Aborting a OTConnect in Progress (HTML)
Deprecated - NW29: Describes the proper way to abort OTConnect, and why after calling OTSndDisconnect you may receive "kOTOutStateErr".
Networking Technical Q&As 1996-05-14
Accessing HTTPS Proxy Settings (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1234: Describes how to programatically access Secure Web Proxy information.
Networking Technical Q&As 2003-02-19
Accessing SQL Data in Apple Remote Desktop 2 (HTML)
Learn how to access the PostgreSQL database to help create custom applications.
Networking Articles 2005-02-21
Advertising a Bonjour service on a specific set of networking interfaces. (HTML)
QA1513: Explains how to register a Bonjour service only on a specific set of networking interfaces.
Networking Technical Q&As 2007-02-12
Allocate and Disk Full Error (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
FL12: Discusses a problem with AFP volumes displaying incorrect free space, and returning disk full errors.
Networking Technical Q&As 1999-07-21
Apple Filing Protocol Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes high-level concepts for Apple Filing Protocol commands.
Networking Guides 2006-04-04
Apple Filing Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Apple Filing Protocol commands.
Networking Reference 2006-05-23
Apple Remote Desktop Administrator's Guide Version 3.2 (PDF)
Explains how to install and configure Apple Remote Desktop and use it to remotely control and manage client computers.
Networking Guides 2007-12-04
Apple Remote Desktop Focus on Task Server (PDF)
Explains how to use Task Server to provide always-on, automated administration of client computers.
Networking Guides 2006-08-07
Are the Name Registry device tree nodes unique? (HTML)
Deprecated - HW64: Discusses whether Name Registry nodes copied from the Open Firmware device tree are unique.
Networking Technical Q&As 1999-10-11
AutoUpdater (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
This sample demonstrates Cocoa networking using the NSURL loading classes, NSURLConnection and NSURLDownload.
Networking Sample Code 2005-06-01
Availability of Quartz Composer Patches in Web Kit (HTML)
QA1505: Details which Quartz Composer patches are available in Web Kit
Networking Technical Q&As 2007-03-05
Bonjour and wake from sleep (HTML)
QA1290: Explains why applications that use Bonjour should stay registered and continue browsing on sleep.
Networking Technical Q&As 2003-09-18
Bonjour enforces the service type format in Panther (HTML)
QA1198: Explains why registering a Bonjour service might fail on Panther.
Networking Technical Q&As 2004-03-23
Bonjour enforces the TXT record format in Panther (HTML)
QA1306: Explains how mDNSResponder enforces the proper TXT record format in Panther.
Networking Technical Q&As 2004-07-14
Bonjour Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Apple's zero-configuration networking architecture in Cocoa applications.
Networking Guides 2006-05-23
Bonjour Printer Subtype for HTTP (HTML)
QA1555: Describes how printer vendors can register their bonjour service such that Safari can see them.
Networking Technical Q&As 2008-03-25
Bonjour service types used in Mac OS X (HTML)
QA1312: Provides a list of common Bonjour service types used in Mac OS X.
Networking Technical Q&As 2004-07-14
Bonjour TXT record rate limiting in Panther (HTML)
QA1293: Explains how mDNSResponder implements TXT record rate limiting in Panther.
Networking Technical Q&As 2003-10-23
BSDLLCTest (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Program sample demonstrates how to send and receive raw LLC Ethernet packets.
Networking Sample Code 2003-06-12
Calling CloseOpenTransport When Writing an App (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - NW36: Identifies a bug in Open Transport 1.1 which means your application must CloseOpenTransport before quitting.
Networking Technical Q&As 1996-07-03
CBGroupIdentity Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class for operating on user identities.
Networking Reference 2007-05-14
CBIdentity Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to create and operate on identities.
Networking Reference 2007-05-14
CBIdentityAuthority Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to manipulate identity authority databases.
Networking Reference 2007-05-14
CBIdentityPicker Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class that manages the identity picker.
Networking Reference 2007-05-14
CBUserIdentity Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class for operating on user identities.
Networking Reference 2007-05-14
CCL Modem Scripting Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Networking Guides 2007-06-28
CCL Modem Scripting Release Notes (HTML)
Explains changes to modem CCLs for Mac OS X v10.5 and what to do to change existing and supersede older scripts.
Networking Release Notes 2007-10-31
CFFTPSample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
A simple example showing how to use CFFTPStream to download and upload files.
Networking Sample Code 2006-10-13
CFFTPStream Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for communicating with FTP servers.
Networking Reference 2008-07-11
CFHost Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for acquiring host information.
Networking Reference 2008-07-11
CFHostSample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Uses the CFHost API to do DNS hostname lookups and to determine host reachability.
Networking Sample Code 2004-04-20
CFHTTPAuthentication Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for applying authentication credentials to HTTP messages.
Networking Reference 2007-05-15
CFHTTPMessage Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for creating, sending, receiving and manipulating HTTP messages.
Networking Reference 2008-07-11
CFHTTPStream Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for working with HTTP connections.
Networking Reference 2008-07-08
CFNetDiagnostics Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for diagnosing and fixing network related problems.
Networking Reference 2008-07-11
CFNetServices Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for implementing Bonjour functionality in an application.
Networking Reference 2008-07-08
CFNetwork Error Codes Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes error codes used by the CFNetwork API.
Networking Reference 2008-10-15
CFNetwork Framework Release Notes (HTML)
Networking Release Notes 2007-10-31
CFNetwork Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use Core Foundation networking functions to work with low-level BSD sockets.
Networking Guides 2009-05-06
CFNetwork Reference Collection (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C APIs for performing a variety network tasks.
Networking Reference 2008-07-15
CFNetworkHTTPDownload (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to download a URL using CFNetworking.
Networking Sample Code 2006-01-18
CFProxySupport Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the CFProxySupport API, which provides functions for managing network proxy information.
Networking Reference 2008-07-07
CFProxySupportTool (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows how to use the CFProxySupport APIs to decide whether a network connection should pass through a proxy.
Networking Sample Code 2007-10-29
CFStream Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for creating streams.
Networking Reference 2007-05-03
CFStream Socket Additions (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for using streams with sockets.
Networking Reference 2008-07-08
Changing the TCP Window Size (HTML)
NW47: Describes how to change the TCP window size in Open Transport.
Networking Technical Q&As 1997-03-14
The "chosen" node in the device tree (HTML)
HW88: Describes how to find the "chosen" node in the Open firmware device tree.
Networking Technical Q&As 2000-09-05
Clearing mDNSResponder's cached records (HTML)
QA1310: Clearing the Bonjour service cache (mDNSResponder's cached records) for testing purposes.
Networking Technical Q&As 2004-02-11
Closing the Connection: OpenTransport (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - NW20: Describes an orderly disconnect situation in Open Transport between two nodes.
Networking Technical Q&As 1996-03-04
CocoaHTTPServer (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
A Cocoa example showing how to write a very basic HTTP service.
Networking Sample Code 2005-06-01
Code Signing Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how you can sign your code and why you should.
Networking Guides 2008-11-19
Code Signing Release Notes (HTML)
Networking Release Notes 2007-10-31