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The Reference Library is a comprehensive collection of Apple technical resources, including Articles, Guides, Reference, Release Notes, Sample Code, Technical Notes, and Technical Q&As. Each of the links below leads to the resources for a specific topic.

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aglClipBufferRect (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Shows the use of clip regions and buffer rects in AGL.
Carbon, Games, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-01-14
AGLSurfaceTexture (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Example of render to texture/texture from surface using aglSurfaceTexture.
Carbon, Games, Graphics & Imaging Sample Code 2003-07-07
AIFFWriter (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - A Sound Manager sound output device component.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
aiffwriter.win (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - A Sound Manager sound output device component.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
AirPort Developer Note (HTML)
Describes Apple's implementation of 802.11 wireless LAN standards on Mac computers.
Hardware & Drivers Guides 2008-04-28
AlbumToSlideshow (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates using CF and NSXML to create Final Cut Pro XML.
Apple Applications, Carbon, Cocoa Sample Code 2008-05-15
Alias Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for creating and managing persistent references to file system objects.
Carbon Reference 2006-12-05
All Hardware Products (HTML)
A list of links to all Apple hardware developer notes.
Hardware & Drivers Guides
Allocate and Disk Full Error (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
FL12: Discusses a problem with AFP volumes displaying incorrect free space, and returning disk full errors.
Carbon, Cocoa, Networking Technical Q&As 1999-07-21
Allocating and sharing memory with user space from an I/O Kit driver (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1197: Describes the preferred technique for allocating and sharing buffers in an I/O Kit kernel driver.
Darwin, Hardware & Drivers Technical Q&As 2008-10-13
AltiVec/SSE Migration Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to convert PowerPC AltiVec code to Intel SSE code.
Carbon, Cocoa, Darwin, Performance Guides 2005-09-08
AlwaysPreview (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to force the preview enabled mode by install a modal dialog filter proc in CustomGetFilePreview.
QuickTime Sample Code 2003-01-14
AMAction Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the abstract class that defines the interface and general characteristics of Automator actions.
Apple Applications, Cocoa Reference 2007-03-01
AMAppleScriptAction Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to support Automator actions that are driven by AppleScript scripts.
Apple Applications, Cocoa Reference 2006-10-26
AMBundleAction Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to support Automator actions that are loadable bundles.
Apple Applications, Cocoa Reference 2006-10-26
AMShellScriptAction Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to support Automator actions driven by a shell script or by a Perl or Python script.
Apple Applications, Cocoa Reference 2006-10-26
AMWorkflow Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to represent an Automator workflow within an application.
Apple Applications, Cocoa Reference 2006-10-26
AMWorkflowController Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the class used to control an Automator workflow in an application.
Apple Applications, Cocoa Reference 2007-07-09
AMWorkflowView Class Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Apple Applications, Cocoa Reference 2006-11-09
AnimatedSlider (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates the use of an NSTimer to animate a control in Cocoa.
Cocoa Sample Code 2003-01-14
Animating the frame of a CALayer. (HTML)
QA1620: Explains how the frame property of a layer interacts with animations.
Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2008-10-24
Animation Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the animation facilities provided by Mac OS X.
Carbon, Cocoa, Games, Graphics & Imaging Guides 2008-10-15
Animation Programming Guide for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Describes how to use Cocoa animation objects to enhance user interface transitions.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging Guides 2006-05-23
Animation Types and Timing Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the animation and timing classes used by both Core Animation and Cocoa Animation proxies.
Cocoa Guides 2008-04-08
Aperture 2.1 SDK Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Update for Aperture SDK 2.1
Apple Applications Guides 2008-04-23
Aperture 2.1 SDK Reference (HTML)
Documents the Aperture APIs for creating an export plug-in or an image editing plug-in.
Apple Applications Reference 2008-04-23
Aperture Edit Plugin - Borders & Titles (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
"Borders & Titles" is a sample plugin for Aperture that demonstrates how to use the image editing API introduced with Aperture 2.1
Apple Applications Sample Code 2008-06-02
Aperture Image Resizer (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Sample Aperture Export Plug-In code
Apple Applications Sample Code 2007-06-08
Appearance Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for coordinating the look of the standard Mac OS human interface.
Carbon, User Experience Reference 2007-01-23
AppearanceSampleUpdated (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Sample Code for the WWDC 402 Adopting Xcode Hands-on session.
Tools Sample Code 2005-06-27
Apple Applications Schema Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the schemas used by Apple Applications to sync records such as contacts, calendars, and bookmarks.
Apple Applications, Cocoa, Internet & Web Reference 2007-10-31
Apple Certificate Library Functional Specification (PDF)
Specifications for Apple's implementation of the Certificate Library CDSA plug-in.
Security Reference 2005-01-13
Apple Core Audio Format Specification 1.0 (HTML) (PDF)
Specifies the Apple Core Audio Format (CAF) for audio files.
Audio Reference 2006-03-08
Apple Cryptographic Service Provider Functional Specification (PDF)
Specification for Apple's implementation of the Cryptographic Service Provider (CSP) CDSA plug-in.
Security Reference 2005-03-10
Apple Event Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for interapplication communication using Apple events.
Carbon, Scripting & Automation Reference 2007-07-13
Apple Events Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Provides conceptual information and programming examples for working with Apple events.
Carbon, Scripting & Automation Guides 2007-10-31
Apple Filing Protocol Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Describes high-level concepts for Apple Filing Protocol commands.
Darwin, Mac OS X Server, Networking Guides 2006-04-04
Apple Filing Protocol Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the Apple Filing Protocol commands.
Darwin, Mac OS X Server, Networking Reference 2006-05-23
Apple Game Sprockets Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Deprecated - Describes the programming interface defined by Game Sprockets. Replaced by Quartz Display Services.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Reference 2006-07-13
Apple Help Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to author, package, and display user help content in Mac OS X.
Carbon, Cocoa, User Experience Guides 2007-10-31
Apple Help Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for finding and displaying help content using Apple's HTML-based help system.
Carbon, User Experience Reference 2006-07-12
Apple Human Interface Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the Mac OS X user experience and explains how to design an application for Aqua.
Carbon, Cocoa, Java, Mac OS X, Porting, User Experience Guides 2008-06-09
Apple Image Capture Camera Module changes for Mac OS X Update 10.1.3 (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
TN2040: Changes to the Apple Image Capture camera modules for Mac OS X Update 10.1.3.
Apple Applications Technical Notes 2002-04-16
Apple JavaScript Coding Guidelines (HTML) (PDF)
Provides an overview of the JavaScript language, its object-oriented features, and coding best practices.
Apple Applications, Internet & Web, QuickTime, Scripting & Automation, Tools Guides 2008-11-19
Apple Publications Style Guide (PDF)
Describes style and usage of Apple terms, including user interface terms that should be used in applications.
User Experience Guides 2008-10-16
Apple Remote Desktop Administrator's Guide Version 3.2 (PDF)
Explains how to install and configure Apple Remote Desktop and use it to remotely control and manage client computers.
Mac OS X Server, Networking Guides 2007-12-04
Apple Remote Desktop Focus on Task Server (PDF)
Explains how to use Task Server to provide always-on, automated administration of client computers.
Enterprise IT, Mac OS X Server, Networking Guides 2006-08-07
Apple RGB and Generic RGB profiles explained (HTML)
QA1430: Discusses use of the Apple RGB and Generic RGB profiles for untagged data on Mac OS X
Graphics & Imaging Technical Q&As 2005-10-17
Apple Trust Policy Module Functional Specification (PDF)
Specification for Apple's implementation of the Trust Policy (TP) CDSA plug-in.
Security Reference 2005-01-25
Apple Type Services for Fonts Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to access fonts using the ATS-based font management API. Includes implementing the Fonts window.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging, Text & Fonts Guides 2007-12-11
Apple Type Services for Fonts Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for ATS-based font access and management.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging, Text & Fonts Reference 2007-12-11
Apple Xserve Diagnostics User's Guide (PDF)
New document that explains how to use Apple Xserve Diagnostics tool to test server hardware.
Hardware & Drivers, Mac OS X Server Guides 2007-12-04
AppleFWAudio Vendor Specific Override Driver (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
This KEXT allows third-party vendors to customize AppleFWAudio with their own device-specific information.
Hardware & Drivers Sample Code 2007-06-01
AppleJavaExtensions (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Stub classes for compiling com.apple.eawt/com.apple.eio references on non-Mac OS X platforms.
Java Sample Code 2006-10-17
AppleScript Language Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Defines the AppleScript scripting language. Includes many brief sample scripts.
Carbon, Cocoa, Scripting & Automation Guides 2008-03-11
AppleScript Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Introduces the technology for writing scripts to control applications. Useful for scripters and application developers.
Carbon, Cocoa, Mac OS X, Scripting & Automation Guides 2007-10-31
AppleScript Release Notes (HTML)
Describes late breaking news and highlights of new or changed features in the latest release of AppleScript.
Scripting & Automation Release Notes 2007-12-11
AppleScript Release Notes (Mac OS X 10.4 and earlier) (HTML)
Describes late breaking news and highlights of new or changed features in previous releases of AppleScript.
Scripting & Automation Release Notes 2007-10-31
AppleScript Studio 1.4 Release Notes (HTML)
Moving Tiger AppleScript Studio Release Notes to separate document.
Scripting & Automation, Tools Release Notes 2007-12-22
AppleScript Studio Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to create script-driven applications with complex user interfaces based on Cocoa UI classes. Includes tutorials.
Cocoa, Scripting & Automation, Tools, User Experience Guides 2006-04-04
AppleScript Studio Release Notes (HTML)
Describes late-breaking news and highlights of new or changed features in the latest release of AppleScript Studio.
Carbon, Cocoa, Scripting & Automation, Tools Release Notes 2007-10-31
AppleScript Studio Terminology Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the scripting terminology for AppleScript Studio, through version 1.4.
Carbon, Cocoa, Scripting & Automation, Tools Reference 2007-10-31
AppleScript Terminology and Apple Event Codes Reference (HTML)
Lists terms used in AppleScript, AppleScript Studio, and Standard Additions with their matching codes.
Carbon, Scripting & Automation Release Notes 2006-06-28
AppleScriptRunner (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
How to send mail and execute other AppleScripts from a Carbon application.
Apple Applications, Carbon, Scripting & Automation, User Experience Sample Code 2006-07-31
Application Architecture Overview (HTML) (PDF)
Explains the architecture of a Cocoa application and how it interacts with the operating system.
Cocoa Guides 2006-08-07
Application File Management (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how Cocoa applications can use, manipulate, and "own" files.
Cocoa Guides 2006-11-07
Application Kit Constants Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the constants defined in the Application Kit framework not described in individual classes.
Cocoa Reference 2007-10-31
Application Kit Data Types Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the data types defined in the Application Kit framework not described in individual classes.
Cocoa Reference 2006-05-23
Application Kit Framework Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for all things related to an application's user interface.
Cocoa, Graphics & Imaging, User Experience Reference 2008-11-19
Application Kit Functions Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the functions that support the Application Kit framework.
Cocoa Reference 2008-11-19
Application Kit Reference Update (HTML) (PDF)
Summarizes the symbols added to the Application Kit framework.
Cocoa Release Notes 2007-07-18
Application Kit Release Notes (10.4 and Earlier) (HTML)
Cocoa, Internationalization Release Notes 2006-07-17
Application Kit Release Notes (10.5) (HTML)
New document that describes new features, notes, and known issues for the Application Kit Framework on Mac OS X v10.5.
Cocoa Release Notes 2007-10-31
Application Manager Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for performing various application-level tasks in a Carbon application. Formerly titled Dock Manager Reference.
Carbon, User Experience Reference 2007-10-31
Application Menu and Pop-up List Programming Topics for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how Cocoa menus and lists work and how to manipulate items within them.
Cocoa, User Experience Guides 2007-06-26
Application Services Framework Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the API for a number of services--such as Quartz 2D and ATSUI--that are essential to Carbon applications.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging, User Experience Reference 2007-10-31
Application Services Reference Update (HTML) (PDF)
Summarizes the symbols added to the Application Services framework.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging Release Notes 2007-07-18
Apply Firmware Password (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates how to create an Automator Action for System Image Utility.
Apple Applications, Mac OS X Server, Scripting & Automation Sample Code 2007-06-12
Archives and Serializations Programming Guide for Cocoa (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to put Cocoa objects into and remove them from a representation suitable for archiving.
Cocoa Guides 2009-02-04
Are the Name Registry device tree nodes unique? (HTML)
Deprecated - HW64: Discusses whether Name Registry nodes copied from the Open Firmware device tree are unique.
Audio, Darwin, Hardware & Drivers, Networking, Printing Technical Q&As 1999-10-11
Are the root control, the root view, and the content view the same entity? (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
QA1214: Details the differences and similitudes between the root control, the root view, and the content view of windows.
Carbon Technical Q&As 2002-11-12
Are there any OSStatus values I can use in my programs? (HTML)
OV02: Describes OSStatus values that generate errors without colliding with reserved Apple system values.
Carbon Technical Q&As 1999-11-22
ASCIIMoviePlayerSample (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates using a MovieDrawingCompleteProc to render a QuickTime movie in the Mac OS X Terminal.
QuickTime Sample Code 2009-04-21
Assertions and Logging (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use assertions and logging to diagnose problems in Cocoa applications.
Cocoa Guides 2006-04-04
AsyncPB (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Deprecated - Describes how to chain File System calls from an interrupt handler like a Time Manager task.
Carbon Sample Code 2003-10-27
ATA Interface Modules (HTML)
TN1192: Describes how to write device drivers for ATA host bus controllers, ie. ATA Interface Module.
Hardware & Drivers Technical Notes 1999-12-01
Atomic Store Programming Topics (HTML) (PDF)
Describes how to use the Core Data atomic store API to create persistent stores that use a custom format.
Cocoa Guides 2008-02-08
ATSUI and MLTE Printing (HTML) (日本語 HTML)
Deprecated - QD64: Describes a way to get MLTE and ATSUI text to print through the QuickDraw bottlenecks.
Printing Technical Q&As 2000-11-08
ATSUI Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to lay out, process, and draw Unicode text.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging, Internationalization, Text & Fonts Guides 2007-07-10
ATSUI Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the C API for rendering Unicode-encoded text with advanced typographic features.
Carbon, Graphics & Imaging, Internationalization, Text & Fonts Reference 2007-06-28
ATSUICurveAccessDemo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates low-level ATSUI APIs which allow access to raw glyph curve data.
Carbon, Internationalization Sample Code 2003-01-14
ATSUIDirectAccessDemo (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Demonstrates some basic manipulations of the ATSUI DirectAccess api.
Carbon, Internationalization, Text & Fonts Sample Code 2003-01-14
AttachAScript (HTML) (DMG) (ZIP)
Illustrates how you can extend any Cocoa application by adding some AppleScripts to it.
Cocoa, Scripting & Automation Sample Code 2006-07-27
Attributed Strings Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to use attributed strings, which manage attributes of character strings or individual characters.
Carbon, Cocoa, Core Foundation, Text & Fonts Guides 2007-06-04
Audio Codec Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the programming interface for configuring audio codecs and for encoding and decoding audio data.
Audio, Carbon, Cocoa Reference 2007-10-31
Audio Developer Note (HTML)
Describes the analog and digital audio capabilities of Mac computers.
Hardware & Drivers Guides 2008-04-28
Audio Device Driver Programming Guide (HTML) (PDF)
Explains how to develop kernel-resident drivers for audio devices.
Audio, Darwin, Hardware & Drivers Guides 2009-03-04
Audio Export - Encoding AAC Audio For MPEG-4 Export (HTML)
TN2237: The QT MPEG4 Exporter does not show all options for generating AAC, this TN discusses workarounds.
Audio, QuickTime Technical Notes 2009-01-27
Audio File Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes a C programming interface for reading and writing audio files.
Audio, Carbon, Cocoa Reference 2008-07-08
Audio File Stream Services Reference (HTML) (PDF)
Describes the interface for reading non-random access audio file streams.
Audio Reference 2008-10-15